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This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) 454 Beams 4,' M for compound section for base section Fig. 16.11 Selective increase of moment capacity by use of a plated UB development of this idea is the use of tapered sections fabricated from plate. 11 To be economic, tapered sections are likely to contain plate elements that lie outside the limits for compact sections. Because of the interest in developing longer spans for floors and the need to improve the performance of floor beams, a number of ingenious arrangements have developed in recent years. 12 Since these all utilize the benefits of composite action with the floor slab, they are considered in Chapter 21. 16.7 Cold-formed sections as beams In situations where a relatively lightly loaded beam is required such as a purlin or sheeting rail spanning between main frames supporting the cladding in a portal frame, it is common practice to use a cold-formed section produced cold from flat steel sheet, typically between about 1 mm and 6 mm in thickness, in a wide range of shapes of the type shown in Fig. 16.12. A particular feature is that normally each section is formed from a single flat bent into the required shape; thus most available sections are not doubly symmetric but channels, zeds and other singly symmetric shapes. The forming process does, however, readily permit the use of quite complex cross-sections, incorporating longitudinal stiffening ribs and lips at the edges of flanges. Since the original coils are usually galvanized, the members do not normally require further protective treatment. The structural design of cold-formed sections is covered by BS 5950: Part 5, which permits three approaches: (1) design by calculation using the procedures of the code, section 5, for members in bending (2) design on the basis of testing using the procedures of section 10 to control the testing and section 10.3 for members in bending (3) for three commonly used types of member (zed purlins, sheeting rails and lattice joists), design using the simplified set of rules given in section 9.
This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) Fig. 16.12 Typical cold-formed section beam shapes Cold-formed section as beams 455 In practice option (2) is the most frequently used, with all the major suppliers providing design literature, the basis of which is usually extensive testing of their product range, design being often reduced to the selection of a suitable section for a given span, loading and support arrangement using the tables provided. Most cold-formed section types are the result of considerable development work by their producers. The profiles are therefore highly engineered so as to produce a
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