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Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003)
420 Columns and struts
restraint being transferred into the column, the K (and thus the k) values must be
suitably modified. Similarly at column bases, k2 values, in keeping with the degree
of restraint provided, should be used. Guidance is also provided on K values for
beams, distinguishing between both non-sway and sway cases and beams supporting
concrete floors and bare steelwork. A further pair of charts permits modest
degrees of partial restraint against sway, as might be provided for example by infill
panels, to be allowed for in slightly reducing effective length values for sway frames.
Full details of the background to this approach to the determination of effective
lengths in rigidly jointed sway, partially braced and non-sway frames may be found
in the work of Wood. 4
15.8 Special types of strut
The design of two types of strut requires that certain additional points be
considered:
(1) built-up sections or compound struts (Fig. 15.13), for which the behaviour of the
individual components must be taken into account
(2) angles, channels and tees (Fig. 15.14), for which the eccentricity of loading produced
by normal forms of end connection must be acknowledged.
Fig. 15.13 Built-up struts
side column valley column