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This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) 978 Erection 1. Insert pin. 2. Hoist to position. 2a. Tie release ropes 3. Release shackle after material has been secured. Fig. 33.2 Dawson Ratchet (Courtesy of Dawson Construction Plant Ltd.) the lining, levelling and plumbing. The equipment will include jacks, tirfor-type wire pullers with wires, straining screws, wedges, piano wires, and heavy plumb bobs with damping arrangements, all in addition to the level and simple theodolite which are needed for the basic check. It is necessary to do the lining and levelling check before final bolting up is done. In practice this means that it must be done immediately following erection since it is inefficient to slacken off bolts already tightened in order move the steelwork about. There is no way that erection can go ahead until the braced bay is bolted up, and that cannot be done until it is level and plumb.
This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) Fig. 33.3 Flow chart of the erection process Site practices 979 A supply of steel landing wedges and slip plates is needed to adjust the levels. They must be positioned in pairs opposite to each other on two sides of the base plate of the columns to be levelled. If the wedge is placed on one side only the column will be supported eccentrically and can in fact be brought down, especially if more than one column has been lifted on a series of wedges all driven in from the same direction. Alternatively toe jacks (jacks that can be used in tight areas) can be used in pairs to lift the columns. A temporary bench-mark should be established, and agreed with the client’s representative, in the vicinity of the columns in a position where it cannot be disturbed. The level will then be used to check the final setting with the seating packers inserted, and the column landed back on them and bolted down with the holding-down bolts. The column can then be moved about in plan on these packers to bring it into line and bay length from its neighbours. The position of a line, offset from the column centreline in order to clear the columns, should be marked and agreed. This line is then used either to string and strain a piano wire or to set and sight a theodolite telescope. The readings from it will then give the amounts by which movements must be made to keep the structure in tolerance. Running dimensions from the previous column will give required longitudinal movement. However, care should be taken to watch the plumb of the columns in this direction in view of the tendency of steelwork to ‘grow’ due to cumulative tolerances. Regard should be paid to column-to-column dimensions rather than to running dimensions from the end of the building. Having levelled the bases of the columns in their correct positions, it is possible to check the plumb. Attention to temperature effects is necessary as it is futile to
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