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This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) 1010 Erection Too many examples exist of a collapse following the removal of guy wires before the bracing was fitted, or before column bases designed to be ‘fixed’ had been actually grouted and fixed. What is needed here is a clear flow of communication from the designer to the foreman and the workforce of exactly which sequence of working must be followed. Supervision alone may not suffice. The only way to ensure that safe practice is adhered to is to issue a clear directive coupled with an explanation of why the instruction is being given. It also helps to have employed a skilled workforce who know what they are doing! The need for provision of an organization chart has already been discussed. However, a second chart showing who needs to know what, why, and when should also be produced. If the lines of communication and the patterns of responsibility between various management levels and organizations are to be effective, there I • Fig. 33.23 Humber Bridge during erection
This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) must be a commitment made by all concerned to understand why the links are there, and how best to enhance speedy information exchange. 33.10 Special structures All structures are, to some extent, special. However, there exist particular structures which, by their complexity, require special consideration when designing and planning their erection. The length, height and relative mobility of a completed structure, or the depth of individual members, may bring forward particular design problems. Temperature differentials over the depth of bridge box girders will produce changes in the camber of the girder. Temperature differentials over the width of a structure will produce changes in verticality. Temperature changes will affect the vertical orientation of the columns at each end of a long single-storey factory building or bridge. Some of these effects can be, and commonly are, accommodated by the provision of expansion joints. Others must be addressed in the planning and execution phases. The construction of suspension (see Fig. 33.23) or cable-stayed bridges provides good examples where movement and change to the shape of the structure become increasingly apparent as the construction process progresses. A radio telescope is the best example of a special structure which is designed to move and yet must maintain very close tolerances as the extremities of the structure are reached. Other structures move as they grow, and their temporary supports can fail as a result.These failures are too often the result of a lack of appreciation of construction movements, vibrations from wind, or local loads from erection plant. References to Chapter 33 References 1011 1. HMSO (1995) The Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 1994. 2. Health and Safety Executive (1984) Guidance Note 28 (Parts 1–4), HMSO. 3. The British Constructional Steelwork Association (2002) National Structural Steelwork Specification for Building Structures, 4th edition, BCSA/SCI. 4. British Standards Institution (1990) Building setting out and measurements. Part 1: Methods of measuring, planning and organisation and acceptance criteria. Part 2: Measuring stations and targets, Part 3: Check-lists for the procurement of surveys and measurement surveys. BS 5964, BSI, London. 5. CIMSteel (1997) Design for Construction. The Steel Construction Institute, Ascot, Berks. 6. Cheal B.D. (1980) Design Guidance Notes for Friction Grip Bolted Connections. CIRIA Technical Note 98. Construction Industry Research and Information Association, London.
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