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Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003)
Fig. 33.16 Typical crane layout
It is the responsibility of management to ensure that plant put on to a site has a
sufficient capacity to do the job for which it is intended, and that it remains in good
condition during the course of the project. Shackles and slings must have test certificates
showing when they were last tested. Cranes must be tested to an overload
after they have been assembled. The crane test is to ensure that the winch capacity,
as well as the resistance to overturning and the integrity of the structure, is
adequate.
British Standards lay down the various requirements for safe working. Lists of
those standards, and the necessary forms to enable each of the tests to be recorded,
must be provided by management, often in the form of a ‘site pack’ which the site
agent must then display and bring into use as each test is carried out. It is the site
agent’s responsibility to ensure that these requirements are fulfilled. The site agent
may also be required to produce them from time to time for inspection by the
factory inspector during one of his periodic visits to the site.
A crane which has been tested and used safely in many locations might overturn
at its next location. Failure is often caused by inadequate foundation provision
under the tracks or outriggers of the crane. In other words adequate support under
the tracks or outriggers is an essential requirement. It is equally important that the
crane should work on level ground, since an overload can easily be imposed, either
directly or as a sideways twist to the jib, if the ground is not level.
33.8.6 Slinging and lifting
Cranes and craneage 999
Components, whether they are on transport or are lying in the stockyard, should
always be landed on timber packers. The packers should be strong enough to