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This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) 542 Trusses (a) (b) (c) (e) V/\V\V\V\1 (q) (h) (d) (f) t t Fig. 19.1 Common types of roof trusses: (a) Pratt – pitched, (b) Howe, (c) Fink, (d) mansard, (e) Pratt – flat, (f) Warren, (g) modified Warren, (h) saw-tooth Fig. 19.1(g), may be adopted where additional restraint to the chords is required (this also reduces secondary stresses). The modified Warren truss requires more material than the parallel-chord Pratt truss, but this is offset by its symmetry and pleasing appearance. The saw-tooth or butterfly truss, Fig. 19.1(h), is just one of many examples of trusses used in multi-bay buildings, although the other types described above are equally suitable.
This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) 19.1.2 Bridges Common types of trusses 543 Trusses are now infrequently used for road bridges in the UK because of high fabrication and maintenance costs. However, the recent award-winning Brinnington railway bridge (Fig. 19.2) demonstrates that they can still be used to create efficient and attractive railway structures. In many parts of the world, particularly in developing countries where labour costs are low and material costs are high, trusses are often adopted for their economy in steel. Their structural form also lends itself to transportation in small components and piece-small erection, which may be suitable for remote locations. Some of the most commonly used trusses suitable for both road and rail bridges are illustrated in Fig. 19.3. Pratt, Howe and Warren trusses, Fig. 19.3(a), (b) and (c), which are discussed in section 19.2.1, are more suitable for short to medium spans. Fig. 19.2 Brinnington Railway Bridge
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