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This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) toughness load / displacement Fabrication effects and service performance 243 (a) temperature load (a) low toughness (b) high toughness (b) displacement Fig. 6.10 Effects of toughness and residual stresses on strength in tension Just as the basic steel manufacturing process can lead to the presence of imperfections, welding also can lead to imperfections which may be significant. The types of imperfection can be grouped into three main areas: planar discontinuities, nonplanar (volumetric) discontinuities, and profile imperfections. By far the most serious of these are planar discontinuities, as these are sharp and can be of a significant size. There are four main types of weld cracking which can occur in steels as planar discontinuities. These are solidification (hot) cracking, hydrogeninduced (cold) cracking, lamellar tearing, and reheat cracking. Examples of these are shown in Fig. 6.11. Hot cracking occurs during the solidification of a weld due to the
This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) 244 Applied metallurgy of steel I. Fig. 6.11 Examples of different types of cracking which may occur in welded steel joints (courtesy of The Welding Institute) :1
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