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This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) 918 Tolerances Table 31.1 Reasons for specifying tolerances Structural safety Dimensions (particularly of cross-sections, straightness, etc.) associated with structural resistance and safety of the structure. Assembly requirements Tolerances necessary to enable fabricated parts to be put together. Fit-up Requirements for fixing non-structural components, such as cladding panels, to the structure. Interference Tolerances to ensure that the structure does not foul with walls, door or window openings or service runs, etc. Clearances Clearances necessary between structures and moving parts, such as overhead travelling cranes, elevators, etc. or for rail tracks, and also between the structure and fixed or moving plant items. Site boundaries Boundaries of sites to be respected for legal reasons. Besides plan position, this can include limits on the inclination of outer faces of tall buildings. Serviceability Floors must be sufficiently flat and even, and crane gantry tracks etc. must be accurately aligned, to enable the structure to fulfil its function. Appearance The appearance of a building may impose limits on verticality, straightness, flatness and alignment, though generally the tolerance limits required for other reasons will already be sufficient. Table. 31.2 Definitions – deviations and tolerances Deviation The difference between a specified value and the actual measured value, expressed vectorially (i.e. as a positive or negative value). Permitted deviation The vectorial limit specified for a particular deviation. Tolerance range The sum of the absolute values of the permitted deviations each side of a specified value. Tolerance limits The permitted deviations each side of a specified value, e.g. ±3.5 mm or +5 mm -0 mm. Table 31.3 Classes of tolerances Normal tolerances Those which are generally necessary for all buildings. They include those normally required for structural safety, together with normal structural assembly tolerances. Particular tolerances Tolerances which are closer than normal tolerances, but which apply only to certain components or only to certain dimensions. They may be necessary in specific cases for reasons of fit-up or interference or in order to respect clearances or boundaries. Special tolerances Tolerances which are closer than normal tolerances, and which apply to a complete structure or project. They may be necessary in specific cases for reasons of serviceability or appearance, or possibly for special structural reasons (such as dynamic or cyclic loading or critical design criteria), or for special assembly requirements (such as interchangeability or speed of assembly).
This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) 31.1.4 Types of tolerances For structural steel there are three types of dimensional tolerance: (1) Manufacturing tolerances, such as plate thickness and dimensions of sections. (2) Fabrication tolerances, applicable in the workshops. (3) Erection tolerances, relevant to work on site. Manufacturing tolerances are specified in standards such as BS 4, BS 4848, BS EN 10024, BS EN 10029, BS EN 10034 and BS EN 10210. Only fabrication and erection tolerances will be covered here. 31.2 Standards 31.2.1 Relevant documents The standards covering tolerances applicable to building steelwork are: (1) BS 5950 Structural use of steelwork in building. Part 2: Specification for materials fabrication and erection: hot rolled sections. Part 7: Specification for materials and workmanship: cold formed sections and sheeting. (2) National structural steelwork specification for building construction NSSS, 4th edition. (3) ENV 1090-1 Execution of steel structures: Part 1: General rules and rules for buildings. (4) ISO 10721-2: 1999 Steel structures: Part 2: Fabrication and erection. (5) BS 5606 Guide to accuracy in building. 31.2.2 BS 5950 Structural use of steelwork in building Standards 919 The specification of tolerances for building steelwork was first introduced into British Standards in BS 5950: Part 2: 1985. The current edition was issued in 2001. This revision of the 1992 edition updates cross-references to other standards, many of which are now European Standards (BS EN standards). In addition the opportunity was taken to align the code more closely with the industry standard document, the National structural steelwork specification for building construction.
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