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This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) 992 Erection 800 Tonne LIEBHERR LTM 1800 Mobile Crane Working Ranges Luffing Lattice Jib Main Boom 83°. Luffing Lattice Jib 21,0-91,0 m. On Outriggers 13 m x 13 rn. Working Range 360° Counterweight 153 t. 156 to 88 92 96 lOOm While every care has been taken in the preparation of the ratings given in thin leaflet, and alt reanonable steps have been taken to check the accuracy ot the information, Ssldwins cannot avoept responsibility for any inaccuracy in respect of any manor arming out of, or in connection with the use of these tables. Fig. 33.10 Special 800 tonne mobile crane (courtesy of Baldwin Industrial Services)
This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Reproduced under licence from The Steel Construction Institute on 12/2/2007 To buy a hardcopy version of this document call 01344 872775 or go to http://shop.steelbiz.org/ Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003) Mobility for non-mobile cranes Non-mobile cranes can be made mobile by mounting them on rails. This has two advantages: the positioning of the crane can be more easily dictated and controlled, and the loads transmitted by the rails to the ground act in a precisely known location. Many cranes have collapsed because of insufficient support underneath. However, most rail-mounted crane failures have occurred from overloading. Where the crane is to work over complex plant foundations the rail can be carried on a beam supported, if necessary, on piles especially driven for the purpose. If the rail is supported only by a beam on sleepers in direct contact with the ground, the load can be properly distributed by suitable spreaders. In either case conditions must be properly considered and designed for. Problems often occur when too much faith is invested in the capability of the ground to support a mobile crane and its outriggers. Non-mobile cranes Cranes and craneage 993 Non-mobile cranes are generally larger than their mobile counterparts. They can reach a greater height, and are able to lift their rated loads at a greater radius. There are two main types of non-mobile crane: the tower crane and the (now rare) derrick. Due to their great size, the cranes must arrive on site in pieces. Thus the disadvantage of a non-mobile crane is that it has to be assembled on site. Having been assembled, the crane must receive structural, winch and stability tests before being put into service. A tower crane with sufficient height and lifting capacity (see Fig. 33.11) has several advantages: (1) It requires only two rails for it to be ‘mobile’.These two rails, although at a wide gauge, take up less ground space than a derrick. (2) It carries most of its ballast at the top of the tower on the sluing jib/counter balance structure, and so very much less ballast is needed at the bottom. Indeed, in some cases, there is no need for any ballast at the tower base or portal. (3) Because the jib of a tower crane is often horizontal, with the luffing of a derrick jib replaced by a travelling crab, the crane can work much closer to the structure and can reach over to positions inaccessible to a luffing jib crane. (4) A tower crane is ‘self-erecting’ in the sense that, after initial assembly at or near ground level, the telescoping tower eliminates the need for secondary cranes. (5) As shown in Fig. 33.12 a tower crane can be tied into the structure it is erecting, thus permitting its use at heights beyond its free-standing capacity. There exist several types of tower crane, e.g. articulated jib, luffing and saddle cranes as illustrated in Fig. 33.13. It is essential that manufacturers or plant hirers are consulted in order to make the most appropriate choice of crane.
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