A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of - Etheses - Queen Margaret ...

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211 that doesn‟t seem to be as important as the disability... what‟s your ambition... what‟s your life about... what do you do... what did he study at uni... those would be the kind of questions I‟d be asking... but then you don‟t know... you don‟t know if that‟s like why the programme picked him... (l.3:37ff.) Ash had few doubts about why Rhys has been picked for the programme. Rhys is a good- looking young man, this adding to the cruelty of his affliction: He‟s articulate... he‟s just what everybody wants a disabled person to be like... well, from the top he looks just like... what everybody wants to think a disabled person‟s like... (l.3:115ff.) How much more tragic it is that someone as young and attractive as Rhys has had his life struck down than had it been somebody from whom the audience might recoil. If we had never heard of Friedrich‟s ataxia before this episode, we certainly will have by the end of it: not just about the devastating impact of the condition, but about the astonishing bravery of young Rhys as a sufferer. We have it all here: tragedy, pathos, suffering, overcoming. Noel: But you have decided to take a very positive attitude to this... Rhys: I‟m not going to sit down and just let the condition get worse and worse... I‟m going to fight and give my all to get better... Surinder laughed. Noel: Would I be right in thinking that your ambition for this game... the object of winning as much money as possible... it is to be able to have more treatment... Rhys: Yeah... this is going to take a long stretch of perseverance and just determination... Sarah sniggered. Noel: Perseverance... determination... pure guts... and regrettably, because of the world in which we live... money... Invalidation of the disabled subject position It becomes clear that Rhys has come onto Deal Or No Deal to win as much money as possible so he can pay for the medical treatment which will cure him.
Given that Cumberbatch and Negrine‟s 1992 Images of Disability on Television report states that not one of 44 game shows watched contained a disabled contestant (Cumberbatch and Negrine, 1992), it might be argued that it is good to see more disabled people on programmes like Deal Or No Deal. The cultural message being broadcast, however, is far from suggesting that impairment is a valid experience. Rhys is being exhibited as a cripple with the right attitude, as somebody who will not just passively accept his lot. This is not just entertainment, but a valuable learning experience. As Sarah remarked: 212 perseverance, determination and guts... they‟re all the words that are associated with being disabled... cos you‟ve got to live up to that and if you don‟t live up to that then you‟re not... you‟re not striving to be better... and it pisses me off... cos sometimes it‟s okay just to be like... you know what... I‟m happy living my life the way I live it... if you say that people are like oh, you gave up... gave up what... because I‟m happy with my situation... this programme... it‟s like seen to be changing people‟s lives... but it‟s like changing what some people would never be able to change... so they might sit and watch this and go so if I‟m not striving to like get treatment... if I don‟t think like that then what... am I less of a person... (l.3.283ff.) Ash‟s prediction that we would hear the word „inspiration‟ was soon fulfilled. Opening box number 7, fellow contestant Leon said: As Ash put it: You‟ve been an inspiration, Rhys, you really have... What‟s he done... he‟s just sat there... how can he be an inspiration... they dinnae know what he does... they never asked what he does during the week... he probably does some voluntary work or something... he‟s just sat there and spoke... (l.3:314ff.) Another contestant, Sandie, opening box 12, made a statement presumably intended to encourage: The Rhys I‟ve met will walk again... Sarah wondered what this tells people. I think it‟s really confusing if you‟re like... young and you‟re trying to work out what you feel about these things... if that‟s all you‟re seeing... (l.3:406ff.)
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A thesis submitted in partial fulfi
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Abstract I offer a critical explora
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Contents Introduction p.1 Chapter 1
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When I speak of tensions I mean som
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Sutherland, Richard Rieser and Mich
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Chapter 1: Disability, Self and Ide
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8 Impairment: any loss or abnormali
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unceasing flow of representations,
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a daughter, a Scot, a West Coaster,
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matters of social significance beco
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16 Which individuality a human bein
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In Elias‟ view it is only when th
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20 [I‟m] a normal person. The onl
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acknowledgement of the processes by
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This involves a demand for recognit
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Habitus A useful insight can be dra
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as to have no impact on the rest of
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general public acceptance of the po
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32 the vast and deep injustices tha
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modernity has involved many attempt
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36 the affirmation of unique ways o
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described rather than having to rev
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Personal Experience On April 6, 197
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1100 boys from all over South Bucki
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mother did her best to discourage t
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46 mind, but to the society in whic
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ut is experienced in the terms of s
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Chapter 3: Methodology Why am I res
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52 developing a theory, usually bas
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Hamer expresses a view here that
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nor is it satisfied with the interp
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Why not grounded theory? 58 The int
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60 We set aside our prejudgements,
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events for disabled peoples‟ orga
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populations (Atkinson and Flint, 20
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terms of other groups of individual
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Jennie, a woman in her mid-thirties
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(Kusenbach, 2003) in which I accomp
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to me. I had expected interviewing
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74 that we go about the daily neces
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Participants returned the scripts r
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l = line 1: = interview number 24ff
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80 I‟m being pushed into a subjec
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The emergence of a sense of differe
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84 I saw the other disabled kids an
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work and independent living, the ch
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88 all the time we were extolled to
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The theme is repeated that being in
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Hazel struggled to recall any other
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94 to one of my aunties‟ for a pa
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The sense of standing in isolation,
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Rose‟s husband suggests the possi
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100 they feel nervous to ask “Wel
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102 extent, you know, I spent… un
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104 pain…” (laughs)… “Do yo
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ound the hat rack‟. Her relief at
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108 definite contexts of meanings c
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What I find compelling in Thomas‟
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within different discourses. While
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My revised definition of disability
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Chapter 5: Disability as Role Intro
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Person-first thinking is supported
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120 minicom… but these are just
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A different reason A related, thoug
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124 never mind…” does not impro
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126 abnormal, if you like, and more
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less powerful social group. Indeed,
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130 was a case of I just cut off al
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132 I can remember having an argume
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134 there‟s never any representat
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people regard other disabled people
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138 earth haven‟t you had a shag
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140 Sadie used to do amazing things
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Lola recalls that she was regarded
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144 weekly… I get on really fine
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146 situations together… erm… c
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In gaining an understanding of the
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however, their descriptions of havi
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152 more often than not they are me
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to negative subject positioning, wi
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significance of impairment, this ha
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As someone with adult experience of
Page 165 and 166: argues, by the repetitive, structur
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Page 169 and 170: usually involve blind characters be
Page 171 and 172: 166 other indecent part of it … a
Page 173 and 174: It begins to appear that the proble
Page 175 and 176: 170 on Direct Payments or Individua
Page 177 and 178: 172 increasingly becomes more impor
Page 179 and 180: Anne‟s statement here reflects th
Page 181 and 182: 176 Society really does view all di
Page 183 and 184: Unsurprisingly, I reject Ouellette
Page 185 and 186: Initially Ali confesses to watching
Page 187 and 188: as „awful‟ - we can see again t
Page 189 and 190: 184 you‟ve been brought up and ho
Page 191 and 192: debate the choices that are display
Page 193 and 194: 188 media stereotypes - of race, ag
Page 195 and 196: 190 I didn‟t start noticing them
Page 197 and 198: 192 think about it… if it was…
Page 199 and 200: William Stothers, who describes him
Page 201 and 202: Opportunities for disabled people t
Page 203 and 204: 198 part of society watching the te
Page 205 and 206: Chapter 7: Disability in Everyday L
Page 207 and 208: always somebody worse off‟ natura
Page 209 and 210: lasted several hours and others onl
Page 211 and 212: caught by something else she wanted
Page 213 and 214: “At the moment you‟re looking a
Page 215: The camera has already focussed upo
Page 219 and 220: What‟s going on? Emma Bowler rece
Page 221 and 222: 216 characters in that that were re
Page 223 and 224: While he described himself as takin
Page 225 and 226: experienced by Donald as he waited
Page 227 and 228: 222 get back to Dundee... will Angu
Page 229 and 230: my feet were broken I spent three m
Page 231 and 232: are looking maybe they‟re not but
Page 233 and 234: Bus from Brunswick Square to North
Page 235 and 236: Toby Miller and Alec McHoul discuss
Page 237 and 238: Erin was waiting in the chairs insi
Page 239 and 240: Or if I do I want to be employed do
Page 241 and 242: crammed bookcases and decorated wit
Page 243 and 244: 238 society, er … like, life... I
Page 245 and 246: 240 (l.3:503ff.) While the transcri
Page 247 and 248: sense of solidarity and purpose tha
Page 249 and 250: 244 sharing it you gain so much str
Page 251 and 252: space (l.3:140ff.) It was only duri
Page 253 and 254: 248 Well... the point is the way I
Page 255 and 256: 250 Sartre describes how the act of
Page 257 and 258: ought their children along. Neither
Page 259 and 260: Conclusion I conclude by re-visitin
Page 261 and 262: 256 dealings with the world is when
Page 263 and 264: of the affirmative model will hold
Page 265 and 266: References Access 4 U 2 (2009) Term
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Burchardt, T. (2005) The education
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Elias, N. (2000) The Civilising Pro
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Klages, M. (1999) Woeful Affliction
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Paralympics.com (2004) Paralympian
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Stevens, S. (2008) „Movement Does
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Wilson, T. (1995) Watching Televisi
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274 Appendix B: Email Extracts I ha
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I first of all must say that I thin
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The discussion, comments and observ
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280 Appendix D: Themes arising from
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10. Political identity as disabled
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