axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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miTologiur personaJTan _ rokapTan. vanis mi<strong>da</strong>moebSi <strong>da</strong>mowmebuli folklorul-eTnografiuli<br />
masalebis mixedviT, rokapTan turebis Sekrebis dReebad _ e. w. turis dReebad<br />
orSabaTi <strong>da</strong> oTxSabaTi miCneo<strong>da</strong>. erT-erTi savele wyaros Tanaxmad, patara bavSvi<br />
avad gamx<strong>da</strong>ra. wamalma ver uSvela. ojaxi mkiTxavTan mivi<strong>da</strong>. mkiTxavs uTqvams: `Seni<br />
bavSvi tura ariso~ <strong>da</strong> aswavla: `geiTqvi Sors pirio _ ganacxade TiTqos Sors miemgzavrebio<br />
... Caweqi 100 Cafian WurSi, miaCerdi saxlis yures, saxlis ofoforos~. ojaxis<br />
Tavkaci marTlac ase moiqca. saxlSi <strong>da</strong>brunebisTanave man axloblebs gamgzavreba amcno.<br />
colma _ tura qalma, saxelad olRam qmars sagzali Caulaga <strong>da</strong> gaamgzavra. qmari<br />
<strong>da</strong>imala. RamiT <strong>da</strong>inaxa Tu rogor ga<strong>da</strong>aj<strong>da</strong> Wurs olRa <strong>da</strong> gafrin<strong>da</strong>. Sua tyeSi mindori<br />
iyo <strong>da</strong> olRam Wuri iq <strong>da</strong>agora. eSmakebma tyeSi SesZaxes _ `olRa movi<strong>da</strong>o~. rokapi<br />
sawnaxelSi iyo <strong>da</strong>bmuli. olRa mas win <strong>da</strong>udga. `aba olRa rokaps ras Seswiravo~ _ uTxres<br />
eSmakebma. `ra Sevwiroo^_ Cemi Svilis marjvena Tvali xom Sevwireo 1 . Semdeg ga<strong>da</strong>aj<strong>da</strong><br />
Wurs <strong>da</strong> gaaswora mTa <strong>da</strong> bari. movi<strong>da</strong> saxlSi. mamakacic mobrun<strong>da</strong> ojaxSi, <strong>da</strong>akakuna<br />
_ `gamiRe kario.@ ar SemiZliao~@ _ gamoepasuxa coli. `rogor SegeZleba asfuTiani<br />
Wuri aTrieo~ _ upasuxa qmarma. olRas qmars mkiTxavisagan naswavli hqon<strong>da</strong> _ <strong>da</strong>mor-<br />
Cilebis mizniT tura qali un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>eRala. qmarma coli mibegva, <strong>da</strong>Rala, Subli rkiniT<br />
<strong>da</strong>u<strong>da</strong>Ra sxvas rom Seexe<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> emoqme<strong>da</strong> 2 . respodentebTan imereTSive mopovebuli cnobebis<br />
mixedviT tura rokapTan gafrenis dros iRliaSi Ra<strong>da</strong>rs amoisvam<strong>da</strong> xolme. gadmocemiT<br />
es erT biWs <strong>da</strong>unaxavs. isic turis msgavsad moqceula <strong>da</strong> kudians <strong>da</strong>devnebia. kudianebTan<br />
Cumad miparula <strong>da</strong> gaugonia Tu rogor uTxra de<strong>da</strong>misma turebs: `me Cemi Svilis<br />
Tvals vwiravo~. ukan rom <strong>da</strong>brunebula buzad qceula <strong>da</strong> Svils Sublze^ Tvalebis<br />
areSi <strong>da</strong>jdomia. biWi mimxv<strong>da</strong>ra raSic iyo saqme, Tvalze xeli^mousvia <strong>da</strong> buzi gausresia.<br />
imavdroulad de<strong>da</strong>misi loginSi momkv<strong>da</strong>ra 3 .@<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTveloSi cnobilia<br />
gamoTqmebi: `tura xaro~ an `ra turasaviT miiparebio~. tura cxovelia, romelic xalxis<br />
mier aRiarebuli TvisebebiT eSmakis modgmis Ramiseuli arsebaa. binadrobs yanebSi,<br />
axoebSi, miuval adgilebSi. RamiT cecxlis Suqs gaurbis. axal<strong>da</strong>bnelebulze bavSviviT<br />
tiris. erTi Tu itirebs, maSin sxvebic motiralTan ikribebian <strong>da</strong> jgufurad iwyeben<br />
Zrwolas.<br />
qarTlSic Wiakokonobisas (Wiakokonoba/kudianoba) kudianebi eSmakTan miemgzavrebodnen,<br />
qaTmebs miarTmevdnen <strong>da</strong> iqve TamaSobdnen. am dRes didkbileba de<strong>da</strong>beri, mTavari<br />
eSmaki _ tartarozi Tavis mrevls kreb<strong>da</strong>. roca kudiani tartarozTan gafrindebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />
mas alal-marTali kaci <strong>da</strong>inaxav<strong>da</strong>, maSin isic amousvam<strong>da</strong>,@ kudianebs gayvebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> tartarozis<br />
garSemo kudianebis ferxuls ixilav<strong>da</strong>. tradiciuli rwmeniT, Sewirvis procesSi<br />
kudians kbilebSi kenWs esrodnen. Tu kenWi^patara iyo, maSin msrolels qaTami<br />
moukvdeba^ Tu didi oyo _ Zroxa.<br />
Sekrebis dRes lompapi kudianebs <strong>da</strong>valebebs aZlev<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> maT funqciebs unawileb<strong>da</strong>.<br />
gadmocemis erTi variantiT, aWaraSi sofel gelaZeebSi erTi jazi <strong>da</strong>ukavebiaT. am<br />
jazs uTqvams: `Cveni ufrosis samyofi alkimoxze ariso. axorebSi imden rZes vwveliT,<br />
rom roca arxSi CavasxamT rZe wisqvils abrunebso~ 4 . lompaps mxolod rZe ar akmayofileb<strong>da</strong>.<br />
mas sakvebad akvanSi mwoliare Cvilis gul-RviZli: gulbandi yvarebia. lompapis<br />
<strong>da</strong>sakmayofileblad avi sulebi _ satanis msaxurebi bavSvs akvni<strong>da</strong>c iRebdnen. amitom^<br />
avi sulebis sawinaaRmdegod diasaxlisebi akvanze cocxs miayudebdnen, qvas miadebdnen<br />
an qaTmis Zvals Camokidebdnen. aWaraSi kudianebis winaaRmdeg e. w. hamailisac mimarTavdnen,<br />
romelic muslimanuri sasuliero piris nawers warmoadgen<strong>da</strong>. nawers akvnis qvemoT<br />
amodebdnen an bavSvs yelze Seabamdnen. aWarelis warmodgeniT gulgakoWvili Zili<br />
<strong>da</strong>uSvebeli iyo. <strong>da</strong>wolis dros `Sekruli guli un<strong>da</strong> geixsna~@_ sxeulSi kudianebi rom<br />
ar SegiZvrnen. saerTod, kudiani mZinare a<strong>da</strong>mians xels Tu ga<strong>da</strong>usvam<strong>da</strong>, maSin <strong>da</strong>Zinebuli<br />
manam ver gaiRviZeb<strong>da</strong>, sanam grZneuli ar gaiqceo<strong>da</strong> an iqaurobas Tavisi nebiT ar<br />
<strong>da</strong>toveb<strong>da</strong>. mRalavis sawinaaRmdego saSualebebs gurulebic mimarTavdnen. maT Soris<br />
un<strong>da</strong> gamovyoT papajvari 5 .<br />
1 Sewirvis dros rokapi ityo<strong>da</strong>: `vinc iZaxis araso, am Cem patara kar<strong>da</strong>lso~.<br />
2 n. mgelaZe, savele eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, imereTi^(1989) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
3 Sdr. j. noRaideli, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi, gv. 68.<br />
4 n. mgelaZe, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, aWara (1986) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
5 T. saxokia, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi, gv. 49-50.<br />
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