axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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oTar gogoliSvili<br />
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universiteti<br />
bolSevikuri xelisuflebis pirveli wlebi aWaraSi<br />
(`Savi~ <strong>da</strong> `wiTeli~ mejlisi)<br />
aWaraSi bolSevikuri xelisuflebis <strong>da</strong>myarebis Semdeg (1921 wlis marti), gaaqtiur<strong>da</strong><br />
aWaris mejlisi. un<strong>da</strong> iTqvas, rom aWaris mejlisis saqmianoba saintereso <strong>da</strong> sayuradReboa,<br />
radgan maT am kuTxis sazogadoebriv-politikuri cxovrebis gaaqtiurebis<br />
saqmeSi gansakuTrebuli wvlili miuZRvis. saerTod, aWaris mejlisebis <strong>istoria</strong>, maTi<br />
moRvaweobis are, programebi, miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad bolo wlebSi gamoqveynebuli literaturisa,<br />
jer kidev bolomde Seswavlili ar aris. aWaris pirveli mejlisi (parlamenti) misi SeqmnisTanave<br />
(1919 wlis 31 agvisto) ucxoeTis intervenciis mZime wlebSi mTlianad iziarebs<br />
manamade arsebul musliman qarTvelTa organizaciis `samuslimano saqarTvelos<br />
ganmanTavisuflebel komitetis~ (<strong>da</strong>ars<strong>da</strong> 1918 wlis 15 maiss) saqarTvelos erTianobis-<br />
Tvis brZolis programas. cnobilia, rom masTan erTad samuslimano saqarTveloSi saTaveSi<br />
Caudga erovnul-ganmanTavisuflebel moZraobas <strong>da</strong> mtkiced <strong>da</strong> Tanmimdevrulad ibrZo<strong>da</strong><br />
saqarTvelos erTianobisTvis, misi saxelmwifoebriobis ganmtkicebisTvis.<br />
mejlisi, miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom kritikulad uyureb<strong>da</strong> social-demokratebis (rogorc<br />
menSevkebis, ise bolSevikebis) politikas, ar iyo sazogadoebis erTi romelime<br />
klasis intresebis gamomxatveli, yvelaze maRla ayeneb<strong>da</strong> zoga<strong>da</strong>sakacobrio Rirebulebebs,<br />
aqtiurad ibrZo<strong>da</strong> demokratiisa <strong>da</strong> socialuri samarTlianobisaTvis, nebismieri<br />
klasisa <strong>da</strong> partiis diqtaturis, nebismieri Zaladobis winaaRmdeg. saqarTvelosa <strong>da</strong> misi<br />
Semadgeneli nawilis momavali warmoedgina, rogorc Tavisufali, demokratiuli<br />
parlamentaruli respublika. mejlisi gamodio<strong>da</strong> saqarTveloSi arsebuli erebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
erovnebis Tanasworuflebianobis, arsebuli sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva religiebis TanasworuflebianobisaTvis.<br />
mejlisis wevrebi, misi Tavmjdomare memed abaSiZe araerTxel aRniSnavdnen,<br />
rom isini rwmeniT muslimanebi arian <strong>da</strong> amas maTTvis xeli ar SeuSlia yofiliyvnen qarTveli<br />
eris Rirseuli Svilebi. ase mtkiced edga mejlisi musliman qarTvelTa brZolas<br />
interventebis winaaRmdeg. miaRwia kidec sawadels. 1920 wlis 7 ivliss aWara <strong>da</strong><br />
mTlianad samuslimano saqarTvelo kvlav <strong>da</strong>ubrun<strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos. is, rom am movlenis<br />
mTavar Zalad aRiarebuli iyo mejlisi, imaSic gamoixateba, rom saqarTvelos demokratiuli<br />
respublikis jaris nawilebs, romlebsac sastikad ebrZodnen bolSevikebi <strong>da</strong> ma-<br />
Ti momxreebi, raTa antantas saokupacio jarebis wasvlis Semdeg ar SemoeSvaT isini aWaraSi,<br />
baTumTan axlos, barcxanaSi xvdebian erTmaneTs inglisis saokupacio jarebis<br />
mTavarsar<strong>da</strong>li kuk-kolisi <strong>da</strong> mejlisis Tavmjdomare memed abaSiZe, romelmac Tavis misasalmebel<br />
sityvaSi ganacxa<strong>da</strong>, rom mejlisis mTavari mizani ganxorcielebuli iyo.<br />
mejlisi gamodis aramarto erovnul-ganmanTavisuflebeli brZolis medroSed, aramed<br />
demokratiuli wyobilebis momxre<strong>da</strong>c <strong>da</strong>, ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, sabWoTa wyobilebis winaaRmdeg 1 .<br />
barcxanaSi saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis jaris nawilebTan Sexvedris dros<br />
warmoTqmul misasalmebel sityvaSi memed abaSiZem masebs mouwo<strong>da</strong> bilSevizmis winaaRmdeg<br />
sabrZolvelad. mejlisis pozicia bolSevikebisa <strong>da</strong> bolSevizmisadmi naTla<strong>da</strong>a gamoxatuli<br />
mejlisis erT-erTi aqtiuri wevris jemal qiqavas sityvaSi, romelic man warmoTqva q. baTumis<br />
profkavSirTa konferenciaze 1920 wlis 29 marts. man Tqva: `aWaris mSromelebi, Tqven, batono<br />
bolSevikebo, ar gamogyvebian. es yvelasaTvis cnobilia. isini Tqven ar gamogyvebian,<br />
sxvaTa Soris, imitomac, rom Tqvens Soris ar aris arc erTi aWareli (xmebi adgili<strong>da</strong>n:<br />
`aris~). Tu Tqvens Soris aris qarTveli muslimani, is TurqeTi<strong>da</strong>n gamoqceuli avanturistia,<br />
Turqia, panislamistia, romlebTanac Tqven, batono bolSevikebo, <strong>da</strong>deT kavSiri <strong>da</strong> TurqeTis<br />
panislamistebTan erTad cdilobT <strong>da</strong>RupoT Cveni qveyana~ 2 . amis Semdeg mejlisis warmomadgenlebi<br />
demonstraciulad toveben profkavSirTa konferencias <strong>da</strong> TavianTi beWdviTi<br />
organos gazeT `samuslimano saqarTvelos~ saSualebiT sastikad akritikeben konferenciis<br />
bolSevikur ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebas sabWoTa xelisuflebis <strong>da</strong>myarebis Sesaxeb. werilSi aRniSnulia,<br />
rom `bolSevikebs surT <strong>da</strong>umorCilon Cveni qveyana leninur ruseTs. Cven vafrTxilebT<br />
1 memed abaSiZe (baTumi, 1993), gv. 113.<br />
2 samuslimano saqarTvelo, #328 (1920).<br />
372
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