axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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ze cecxli inTebo<strong>da</strong>. eWvmitanilni xidze TiTo-TiTo gamohyav<strong>da</strong>T, tanisamoss xdidnen<br />
<strong>da</strong> wyalSi agdebdnen. Tu a<strong>da</strong>miani ar <strong>da</strong>iZirebo<strong>da</strong>, maSin igi kudianad iTvlebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong>SanTva ar ascdebo<strong>da</strong> 1 ~. <strong>da</strong>sjis aseTi forma sakmaod adreuli Cans. igi Zveli aRmosavleTis<br />
xalxebSic yofila gavrcelebuli. amaze miuTiTebs hamurabis kanonTa kodeqsi.<br />
rogorc cnobilia, babilonSi sasamarTlos warmoebas samoqalaqo xasiaTi hqon<strong>da</strong>, Tumca<br />
gamonaklisis saxiT Tavs iCen<strong>da</strong> e. w. `or<strong>da</strong>li~@ (RvTis samarTali). magaliTad, Tu<br />
vinmes brals <strong>da</strong>sdebdnen jadosnobaSi, xamurabis kanonebis mixedviT, igi mdinareSi un<strong>da</strong><br />
ga<strong>da</strong>vardniliyo. Tu mdinare a<strong>da</strong>mians CaZirav<strong>da</strong>, CaiTvlebo<strong>da</strong>, rom pirovneba marTlac<br />
jadosani iyo. misi mamxileblebi Rebulobdnen jadosnis saxls, magram Tu mdinare<br />
ar miiReb<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> amoativtiveb<strong>da</strong> eWvmitanils, maSin cilismwamebeli sikvdiliT isjebo<strong>da</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong> misi saxli u<strong>da</strong>naSaulo braldebulisaTvis un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>ecaT 2 . aq^ TiTqos<strong>da</strong> wylisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> eSmakis sakraluri kavSiri un<strong>da</strong> gvqondes. sxvaTaSoris, <strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTveloSi^ im<br />
adgilze, sa<strong>da</strong>c a<strong>da</strong>miani <strong>da</strong>ixrCobo<strong>da</strong>, Wirisuflebma dResac ician msxverplis Sewirva.<br />
fSavSi <strong>da</strong> xevsureTSi, roca vinme <strong>da</strong>ixrCobo<strong>da</strong>, ityodnen: `eSmakma <strong>da</strong>axrCoo~. iqve, Sav<br />
cikans an Sav qaTams <strong>da</strong>klavdnen <strong>da</strong> wyalSi ga<strong>da</strong>isvridnen. xevsurebi <strong>da</strong> fSavlebi<br />
Tvlian, rom sanam es Tikani micvalebulis suls ar gamoixsnis, manam micvalebulis suli<br />
eSmakebs uWiravT. fSavlebi aseve iqceodnen, roca a<strong>da</strong>miani kldi<strong>da</strong>n ga<strong>da</strong>vardebo<strong>da</strong> 3 .<br />
qarTlSi wyalSi <strong>da</strong>mxvrCals Txas <strong>da</strong>uklavdnen _ `Txai eSmaksao, suli RmerTsao~.<br />
aWaris zogierT xeobaSi avi <strong>da</strong> boroti sulebis dRed seqtembris <strong>da</strong>mdegi^ _ <strong>da</strong>degi<br />
miiCneva. RamiT kudianebi gansakuTrebiT aqtiurdebodnen 4 . guriaSic kudianebis Rame anu <strong>da</strong>degoba<br />
pirvel enkenisTves (pirveli seqtemberi) dgebo<strong>da</strong>. tradiciuli rwmeniT, RamiT kudianebi<br />
WaWveTSi iyridnen Tavs, warsdgebodnen rokapis winaSe <strong>da</strong> moaxsenebdnen Tu vis ra avnes.<br />
gurulis warmodgeniT, WaWveTSi wasvlis win kudiani afuWeb<strong>da</strong>^yvelafers, rasac Taflis<br />
sanTeli ar eqnebo<strong>da</strong> mikruli. amitom am RamisaTvis mosaxleoba mi<strong>da</strong>mos sanTliT Sebe-<br />
Wav<strong>da</strong> xolme. bavSvebi yanebs Semouvlidnen, sanTlebs saTanado adgilebze miawebebdnen. a.<br />
na<strong>da</strong>raias monacemebiT, am dros mosaxleoba iZax<strong>da</strong>: `Seni svi <strong>da</strong> Seni Wame, Cemsas jvari <strong>da</strong>miwere,<br />
hau kudianebo~. avtoris Tanaxmad, gurulebi `SebeWdnen yanebs, saxls, nalias ... yuris<br />
ZirSi SeibeWavdnen Tavs~. <strong>da</strong>axloebiT analogiurad gvisuraTebs <strong>da</strong>degobas T. saxokia,<br />
romelmac guriaSi XIX saukunis bolos imogzaura, Tumca <strong>da</strong>degobis nacvlad igi a<strong>da</strong>stureb<strong>da</strong><br />
gansxvavebul termins _ Secva Rames. avtoris cnobiT, mRalavis sawinaaRmdegod saxls,<br />
samzareulos, xulas, sasimindes, bosel-saqaTmes, marnis karebs Taflis sanTlis pawia<br />
gundebs akravdnen. Semdeg diasaxlisi ojaxis yvela wevrs jvaredinad saTiTaod miakrav<strong>da</strong><br />
Tavze imave sanTlis gun<strong>da</strong>s. erTs Sublze <strong>da</strong> ors iqiT-aqeT safeTqlebze, agreTve, Tmaze.<br />
am saxiT SebeWdili un<strong>da</strong> iyos Sinauri saqonelic. sanTliT SebeWv<strong>da</strong> sWirdebo<strong>da</strong> usulo nivTebsac<br />
_ satevars, Tofs, saxlis avejs, jam-WurWels, tanisamoss, miminosa Tu Citbades. Secva<br />
Rames^ mzis CasvlisTanave sofelSi Tofebs isvrodnen <strong>da</strong> Tan xmamaRala hyvirodnen _<br />
`hauho!@ Seni svi <strong>da</strong> Seni Wame, Cemsa jvari <strong>da</strong>miwere~.@ojaxis wevrebi Tu SeZlebdnen RamiT<br />
ar iZinebdnen. Tu ojaxi ase ar moiqceo<strong>da</strong>, maSin mRalavi Tavisuflad, <strong>da</strong>ubrkoleblad Sedio<strong>da</strong><br />
saxlSi <strong>da</strong> visac sanTlis gun<strong>da</strong> ar hqon<strong>da</strong> SebeWdili guls amoacli<strong>da</strong>, zogs ki _<br />
naWers amoacli<strong>da</strong> tanisamosi<strong>da</strong>n, mere kerasTan mivido<strong>da</strong>, ga<strong>da</strong>abruneb<strong>da</strong> keras, SeSis sasTumlad<br />
<strong>da</strong>debul qvas, qvemo<strong>da</strong>n amoiReb<strong>da</strong> raRac gasafren wamals, amoisvam<strong>da</strong> iRliaSi, sadme<br />
WuWrutanaSi gaZvrebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mousvam<strong>da</strong> rokapisaken^_ samegreloSi mdebare tabakonis mTis<br />
mimarTulebiT 5 . aWaris calkeul xeobaSi,^j. noRaidelis Canawerebis mixedviT, <strong>da</strong>deg Rames<br />
yanaSi siminds SebeW<strong>da</strong>vdnen, simindis furclebs sanTlebs miakravdnen, raTa av suls WirnaxulisaTvis<br />
baraqa ar gamoelia.@`yanebi SebeWde jazebma (avma sulebma) rame ar awyeininoso~<br />
_ ityodnen xolme. ojaxis diasaxlisi bavSvebsac yuris ZirSi sanTels miawebeb<strong>da</strong> _ qajebma<br />
ar avnoso. saxlis karebSi umcros rZals <strong>da</strong>ayenebdnen <strong>da</strong> mimarTavdnen: `rZalo^karebi<br />
<strong>da</strong>klite, amaRam baRnebs araferi evnoso~ 6 . T. saxokias cnobiT, akeTSi arsebula erTi miwisqveSeTi,<br />
romelsac gurulebi eSamakis say<strong>da</strong>rs@ uwodebdnen. soflelebi Sig Sesvlas ver<br />
be<strong>da</strong>vdnen <strong>da</strong> miiCnevdnen, rom Sig eSmakebi cxovrobdnen. es gvirabi akeTis im ubanSi yofila,<br />
sa<strong>da</strong>c ToxaZeebi cxovrobdnen. T. saxokia <strong>da</strong> misi Tanamgzavrni gvirabSi Sesulan. haers, ro-<br />
1 a. na<strong>da</strong>raia, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi, gv. 187.<br />
2 g. meliqiSvili, rogor ametyveldnen lursmuli warwerebi (Tbilisi,^ 1961), gv. 45.<br />
3 n. mgelaZe, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, fSav-xevsureTi (1987) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
4 j. noRaideli, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi, gv. 65.<br />
5 T. saxokia, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi, gv. 49-50.<br />
6 j. noRaideli, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi, gv. 69.<br />
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