axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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magram Semdeg calke gamoyofilan, axlandeli lemSvanieras teritoriaze; axla es ukanaskneli<br />
calke sakrebuloa <strong>da</strong> mzianeTic masSi Sedis.<br />
svanebi aseve kompaqturad cxovroben sofel lelaSxaSi (154 komli), nagebSi (50<br />
komli), kapanaxCSi. kapanaxCSi lentexis raioni<strong>da</strong>n gadmosaxlebulebi arian: onianebi,<br />
qurasbedianebi, xabulianebi, lipartelianebi, <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 100-ze meti ojaxi. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa<br />
cxovroben TviT qalaqSic (gar<strong>da</strong>banSi) magram gafantulad (qarxnis teritoriaze, qalaqis<br />
SemosasvlelSi <strong>da</strong> sxv.), ris gamoc maT <strong>da</strong>saxlebas raime saxelwodeba ra aqvs.<br />
legendebia Semonaxuli lomTagoruli laSxebis Sesaxebac. pirveli laSxi (raionSi) 50-<br />
ian wlebSi <strong>da</strong>saxlebula. misi erT-erTi STamomavali kaxa laSxi ki Cveni eqspedicis<br />
dros lomTagoris sacdel meurneobas xelmZRvanelob<strong>da</strong>. man Zalian bevri ram gviambo<br />
marneulSi svanTa Camosaxlebis <strong>istoria</strong>ze, mis winaparze 1 .<br />
uCa xarzianis gadmocemiT svanebi kompaqturad cxovroben Tbilisis SemogarenSic, liloSi<br />
(64 komli), krwanisSi 140, foniWalaSi (100 komli). amas emateva afxazeTi<strong>da</strong>n iZulebiT<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebulTa 500-ze meti ojxi, romlebic sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva adgilebze arian gafantulni 2 .<br />
migrantTa gadmocemiT Tavi<strong>da</strong>n svanebs Zalian gaWirvebiaT adgilobriv pirobebTan<br />
Segueba. (cxeli klimati, mSrali hava, uwyloba) amitomac bevri maTgani ukan gabrunebula,<br />
<strong>da</strong>rCenilebma ki rTuli <strong>da</strong> xangrZlivi a<strong>da</strong>ptacia gaiares. ekonomikur pirobebTan<br />
erTad saqmes isic arTuleb<strong>da</strong>, rom monoeTnikuri garemo<strong>da</strong>n polieTnikur garemoSi aRmoCndnen.<br />
mTis amay, patriot svanebs, adgilobriv mosaxleobasTan gauZnel<strong>da</strong> urTier-<br />
Toba. amitomac pirvel xanebSi eTnokomfliqturi situacia Seiqmna, gansakuTrebiT azerbaijanelebTan,<br />
romlebic Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT ukeTes pirobebSi imyofebodnen, radgan `jan<strong>da</strong>ris<br />
tba~ <strong>da</strong> sarwyavi arxi maT teritoriazea ganTavsebuli. svanebi am sarwyavs moklebulebi<br />
aRmoCndnen. amasTan erTad warmoiqmna <strong>da</strong>va miwis nakveTebis ganawilebaze, ker-<br />
Zod im zolSi sa<strong>da</strong>c mosazRvred azerbaijanelTa sasaflao mdebareob<strong>da</strong> 3 . iyo sxva<br />
konkretuli mizezebic, romelTa <strong>da</strong>Zlevasac dro <strong>da</strong>sWir<strong>da</strong>. azerbaijanelTa <strong>da</strong> svanTa<br />
Tav<strong>da</strong>pirvel <strong>da</strong>Zabul urTierTobebze eTnologi xaTuna ioseliani SeniSnavs, rom mTieli<br />
qarTvelebis (svanebis) am regionSi Camosaxlebam garkveuli disonansi Seitana adgilobriv<br />
mosaxleobaSi, nawilobriv negatiuri, Tumca ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d pozitiuri xasiaTisa.<br />
mTavri Sedegi ki am Camosaxlebisa demografiuli suraTis Secvla iyo. aman <strong>da</strong>arRvia<br />
arsebuli ZalTa Tanafardoba. aqaur qarTul mosaxleobas Seemata Camosaxlebuli mTielebi<br />
(svanebi), romelTac moindomes sakuTar samSoblod miCneul teritoriaze gavlenis<br />
mopoveba; aman ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong> gaaRiziana azerbaijanelebi <strong>da</strong> ara marto azerbaijanelebi.<br />
svanebs kontaqti garkveulwilad qarTul mosaxleobasTanac gauWir<strong>da</strong>T, magram<br />
<strong>da</strong>Zabuli, komfliqturi situacia mxolod azerbaijanelebTan Seiqmna; zogjer xelCar-<br />
Tul winaaRmdegobamde misuli 4 .<br />
rogorc irkveva, SemdegSi es viTareba Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan ganimuxta, situaciaSi xelisuflebac<br />
Ceria; magram gamoTqmuli mosazrebis Tanaxmad es ganmuxtva ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d mainc migrantebis<br />
gonivrulma <strong>da</strong> TavSekavebulma moqmedebam ganapiroba 5 , Cvenis azriT aq azerbaijanelebis<br />
mxri<strong>da</strong>nac, <strong>da</strong>dibiTi roli un<strong>da</strong> iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli. mTlianobaSi ki<br />
yovelive es SromiTi saqmianobis Tanmxvedri <strong>da</strong> eTnikuri procesebis Tanmimdevruli<br />
regulirebisa <strong>da</strong> ganviTarebis Sedegi iyo. un<strong>da</strong> iTqvas, rom svanebi Znelad, magram nelnela<br />
SeeCvien adgilobriv pirobebs, havas, klimats; Seqmnes TavianTi meurneoba (ufro<br />
sworad moiwyves igi), <strong>da</strong>Zlies mTeli rigi socialur-ekonomikuri <strong>da</strong> fsiqologiuri barierebi,<br />
<strong>da</strong>iwyes sruliad <strong>axali</strong> cxovreba 6 . axla maTi (azerbaijanelebisa <strong>da</strong> svanebis)<br />
urTierToba gawonasworebulia <strong>da</strong> stabiluria, keTilmezobluria <strong>da</strong> saqmiani. isini<br />
ojaxebiT icnoben erTmaneTs <strong>da</strong> pativs scemen urTierTis wes-Cveulebebs, religiur aRmsareblobas.<br />
azerbaijanelebi <strong>da</strong>dian qarTul taZrebSi, Rebuloben monawileobas eklesiaTa<br />
mSeneblobaSi (mag. vaxtangisSi sa<strong>da</strong>c <strong>axali</strong> taZari aSen<strong>da</strong>, yavT TavianTi qar-<br />
Tveli megobrebi _ `yonaRebi~, `naTliobi~ (zepiri SeTanxmebiT <strong>da</strong> ara saeklesio mironcxebis<br />
wesiT). azerbaijanelebi dResaswaulebze iwveven qarTvelebs (mag. `yurban baira-<br />
1 g. gociriZe, qvemo qarTlis eqspediciis dRiurebi (2003), rv. #1.<br />
2 u. xarziani, svanebi gar<strong>da</strong>banSi, xelnaweri (inaxeba eqspediciis arqivSi).<br />
3 g. gociriZe, qvemo qarTlis eqspediciis dRiurebi (2003), rv. #2.<br />
4 x. ioseliani, eTnosTa Soriso urTierTobis kulturul-istoriuli problemebi (gar<strong>da</strong>bnis raionis eTnografiuli<br />
monacemebi), eTnologiuri krebuli (Tbilisi, 2008), gv. 3-9.<br />
5 iqve.<br />
6 iqve, gv. 3-9.<br />
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