axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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mis~, `nouruzobis-<strong>axali</strong> wlis~ dros) <strong>da</strong> sxv. 1 Tumca wmin<strong>da</strong> eTnografiuli TvalsazrisiT,<br />
mainc rCeba zogi ram iseTi wesi an Cveva, rac svanebs ar moswonT an piriqiT.<br />
mag. azerbaijanelebi Zroxas marcxena mxri<strong>da</strong>n wvelian gansxvavebiT qarTvelebisa. roca<br />
saklavs klaven mas gasatyaveblad cal fexze kideben 2 ; maT ar moswonT svanebis gorozi<br />
xasiaTi, Rvinis sma <strong>da</strong> xangrZlivi qeifebi _ `memTvraleoba~, samagierod svanebs<br />
moswonT azerbaijanelebis Cais smis rituali, erTmaneTTan mosakiTxad misvla-mosvla,<br />
Wirsa <strong>da</strong> lxinSi Tanadgoma <strong>da</strong> sxv., rasac integraciisaTvis arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs.<br />
xalxTa kulturuli <strong>da</strong> socialuri dialogis es mxare (urTierTobis eTika), misi ganviTarebis<br />
dinamika) sagangebo kvlevis sagania <strong>da</strong> amdenad aq masze aRar SevCerdebi 3 , magram<br />
im sakiTxebze, rac uSualod gadmosaxlebul svanTa yofiT a<strong>da</strong>ptacias, (yofasa <strong>da</strong><br />
kulturas) Seexeba ramodenime Semajamebeli wina<strong>da</strong>debis Tqma SemiZlia.<br />
1. sameurneo yofa. cnobilia rom sameurneo gamocdileba <strong>da</strong> tradiciebi eTnosis<br />
arsebobis ZiriTadi pirobaa, garemosTan Seguebuli, a<strong>da</strong>ptaciisa <strong>da</strong> sicocxlis uzrunvelyofis<br />
kulturis yvelaze arsebiTi niSani. ra mox<strong>da</strong> migrirebulTa yofaSi am mxriv,<br />
svanebi uZvelesi droi<strong>da</strong>n msxvilfexa mesaqonleobas misdevdnen <strong>da</strong> wveladi meurneoba<br />
maTTvis wamyvani <strong>da</strong>rgia. aq ki qvemo qarTlSi, sruliad gansxvavebul ekologiur<br />
garemoSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c cxeli klimaturi pirobebia (naleqebis raodenobac Zalian mcire),<br />
cxovreba gauWir<strong>da</strong>T. adgilobrivi saZovrebi (ialnos mTis kalTebi <strong>da</strong> velebi) mSral nia<strong>da</strong>giania<br />
<strong>da</strong> uwylo, zafxulobiT sicxisagan gamofituli, erozirebuli. Sesabamisad balaxic<br />
araa yuaTiani-cximiani. amdenad svanebisTvis mTuri mesaqonleobis tradiciuli sistemis<br />
aq gadmotana SeuZlebeli aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>. isini iZulebuli Seiqmnen adgilobriv barul<br />
sistemaze ga<strong>da</strong>suliyvnen, rac aseve rTuli iyo. svaneTi<strong>da</strong>n gadmoyvanilma saqonelma aqaur<br />
klimats ver gauZlo <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>iRupa. amitom iyides adgilobrivi jiSis saqoneli, romelic<br />
naklebs iwveleba <strong>da</strong> mas bagur pirobebSi inaxaven 4 . Tvlian, rom qvemo qarTlis landSaftebi<br />
ufro mecxvareobisTvisaa misa<strong>da</strong>gebuli. rasac azerbaijanelebi misdeven. (msxvilfexa<br />
saqoneli maT TiTqmis arca hyavT), <strong>da</strong>rgi ki tradiciis ZaliT aqvT SemorCenili <strong>da</strong><br />
saZovrebad ionjiT moWarbebul vel-mindvrebs <strong>da</strong> `ialaRebs~ iyeneben 5 .<br />
svanebi wuxan, rom aqauri rZe, rac ar un<strong>da</strong> ecadon naklebcximiania <strong>da</strong> sulguni<br />
iseTi ar gamodis rogorc svaneTSi. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vaT amisa sulguns mainc amzadeben <strong>da</strong> realizaciac<br />
ar uWirT, amarageben ara marto adgilobriv bazars aramed Tbilissac. saintereso<br />
faqtia, rom sulgunis <strong>da</strong>mzadeba svanebis mibaZviT azerbaijanelebmac scades.<br />
magram teqnologia ver srulyves; maTi `sulguni~ uxarisxoa <strong>da</strong> malfuWadi, amitom es<br />
mosaxleoba ufro cxvris cximmoxdil yvels amjobinebs, rac ase Tu ise, mainc tradiciulia<br />
<strong>da</strong> miRebuli.<br />
migrirebuli svanebisaTvis sameurneo tradiciebis SenarCunebis mxriv marneulTan<br />
Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mdgradi viTarebaa Seqmnili marneulis raionSi. saxeldobr sofel Tamaris-<br />
Si, sa<strong>da</strong>c sarwyavi arxic axlos gadis <strong>da</strong> nia<strong>da</strong>gic ufro ukeTesia. aq Casaxlebuli svanebi<br />
ara marto mesaqonleobas misdevdnen (yavT sakmao raodenobis saqoneli), aramed miwaTmoqmedebasac.<br />
Tesen xorbals, siminds. gaaSenes baRebi, axares vazi <strong>da</strong> mSvenier Rvinosac<br />
ayeneben, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d TeTri `uwamli~ jiSisagan, radgan rqawiTela <strong>da</strong> sxva jiSebi<br />
aq ar ician (ver gvarobs), Tumca Sinnaxadi suladis arayic ar <strong>da</strong>viwyebiaT 6 .<br />
rac Seexeba purs _ ZiriTad produqts; purs <strong>da</strong> Wads isini tradiciul svanur RumelSi<br />
(`feC~) acxoben. bolo periodSi aqa iq Toneebic SemoiRes. kerZebi<strong>da</strong>n ki kvlav<br />
tradiciulia Romi <strong>da</strong> elarji, kub<strong>da</strong>ri, WviStari, Zexveuli (`zisxora~) <strong>da</strong> sxv. 7 religiur<br />
dReebSi acxoben ritualur purebs _ `lemzirebs~, amzadeben ganTqmul sanebels<br />
`svanur marils~ (Tumca misi ingrediantebi (mag. `gicruli~) svaneTi<strong>da</strong>n moaqvT), micvalebulis<br />
xarjisaTvis klaven saklavs, ixdian dReobebs. uyvarT stumari <strong>da</strong> mas goWs<br />
uklaven mama papuri wesiT umaspinZldebian 8 .<br />
1 g. gociriZe, qvemo qarTlis eqspediciis dRiurebi.<br />
2 x. ioseliani, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi.<br />
3 g. gociriZe, eTnikuri procesebi <strong>da</strong> kulturaTa dialogi qvemo qarTlis mosaxleobaSi (qarTul-azerbaijanuli<br />
urTierTobebis magaliTze) gar<strong>da</strong>bnis <strong>da</strong> marneulis raionebi, logosi (Tbilisi, 2008), gv. 260-264.<br />
4 g. gociriZe, qvemo qarTlis eqspediciis dRiurebi.<br />
5 iqve.<br />
6 iqve.<br />
7 iqve.<br />
8 iqve.<br />
411
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