axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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pasxa, igive pasxein, msgavsni arian, zogierT eklesiaSi gaCn<strong>da</strong> cdomileba, rom TiTqos aRniSnuli<br />
ori movlena, msgavsi sityvebiT gamoxatuli, arsebiTac erTi <strong>da</strong> idive movlenaa<br />
<strong>da</strong>, amdenad, Sesabamisi saeklesio dReebi (jvarcma <strong>da</strong> aRdgoma) erTi <strong>da</strong> igive dResaswaulis<br />
ori nawilia. es gaxl<strong>da</strong>T imis mTavari mizezi, rom mcire aziaSi vnebisa <strong>da</strong> aRdgomisaTvis<br />
SemoRebul iqna erTi kombinirebuli dResaswauli. es praqtika cnobilia saxelwodebiT<br />
kvartodecimani (gamoTqma momdinareobs laTinuri sityvisagan quartodecimanus, rac<br />
niSnavs: 14 dRis nawili, me-14 nisanze miniSneba). am Cveulebis winaaRmdeg ori sagangebo kanoni<br />
Seiqmna: mociqulTa me-7 kanoni <strong>da</strong> analogiuri kanoni antioqiis 341 wlis krebisa (antioqia<br />
1). mociqulTa kanoni gvauwyebs: `ukueTu vinme episkoposman, anu xucesman, anu diakonman<br />
wmi<strong>da</strong>Á dRe aRvsebisaÁ uwinares gazafxulisa dReTaÁsa huriaTa Tana srul-yos, ganikueTen~.<br />
nikeis 325 wlis krebam ganawesa, rom aRdgoma usaTuod kviradRes un<strong>da</strong> vidResaswauloT,<br />
kerZod, astronomiuli gazafxulis pirveli savsemTvaris momdevno kviradRes.<br />
Tuki mTvare kviras aivseba, aRdgoma Semdeg kviradRes un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>vixadoT, raTa is ar <strong>da</strong>em-<br />
Txves iudevelTa paseqs (fesaxs). es niSnavs: un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vicvaT is wesi, romelsac <strong>da</strong>savleTSi<br />
(romsa <strong>da</strong> aleqsandriaSi) myarad icaven 1 .<br />
SegviZlia aseT <strong>da</strong>dgenilebebsa <strong>da</strong> traqtatebs aRdgomis kanoni anu aRdgomis kalen<strong>da</strong>ruli<br />
ganawesi vuwodoT.<br />
Sobisa <strong>da</strong> naTlisRebis erTad dResaswaulobis Sesaxeb.<br />
cxare diskusias iwvev<strong>da</strong> agreTve Sobis dResaswaulis adgili saeklesio weliwad-<br />
Si. arsebob<strong>da</strong> gansxvavebuli tradiciebi. aRmosavleTSi qristeSobas 6 ianvars, naTlis-<br />
RebasTan erTad, aRniSnavdnen, romSi ki _ 25 dekembers, rogorc TviTmyofad (<strong>da</strong>moukidebel)<br />
dResaswauls. mogvianebiT, <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 376 wels, eklesiis mamis, ioane oqropiris,<br />
gamokvlevisa <strong>da</strong> reformis Sedegad romauli wesi antioqiasa <strong>da</strong> konstantinopol-<br />
Sic SemoiRes, ierusalimis eklesia ki VI s-Sic Zvel tradicias misdev<strong>da</strong>.<br />
Sesabamisi literaturuli wyaroebi mowmoben, rom am sakiTxis mogvareba sakmaod<br />
problematuri aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>. imis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, rom 25 dekembris upiratesobisa <strong>da</strong> sisworis<br />
sasargeblod bevri avtoritetuli literatura arsebob<strong>da</strong>, ierusalimeli morwmuneebi<br />
reformas seriozul winaaRmdegobas uwevdnen. es winaaRmdegoba imdenad Zlieri iyo,<br />
rom procesSi samoqalaqo mTavrobis Careva gax<strong>da</strong> saWiro. amaze metyvelebs imperator<br />
iustinianes werili ierusalimeli morwmuneebis mimarT. am dokuments, romelic mxolod<br />
qarTuli TargmaniTaa SemorCenili, Cveni TemisaTvis uaRresad didi mniSvneloba<br />
aqvs. amitom mis garSemo Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT vrclad visaubrebT. magram gvmarTebs, rom manamde<br />
am problemis istorii<strong>da</strong>n oriode sityva kidev vTqvaT:<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva RonisZiebis Remdeg Sobisa <strong>da</strong> naTlisRebis erTad dResaswaulobis Zveli<br />
wesi ierusalimsa <strong>da</strong> mTel aRmosavleTSi gauqm<strong>da</strong>, magram ara yvelgan. es Cveuleba<br />
erTgvar parolad iqca yvela monofizitisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT ki somxebisaTvis, romlebic<br />
jiutad ambobdnen uars, rom am sferoSi mainc saerTo-saeklesio tradicias SeerTebodnen<br />
(isini qristes Sobas <strong>da</strong> naTlisRebas dRemde erTad dResaswauloben). am vi-<br />
Tarebam iseTi literaturis warmoSoba ganapiroba, romelic <strong>da</strong>asabuTeb<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> gaamyareb<strong>da</strong><br />
Teorias, rom ieso qristes namdvilad 25 dekembers iSva 2 .<br />
teqstebi qarTulad.<br />
ar moipoveba pir<strong>da</strong>piri miniSneba imis Taobaze, rom zemoT ganxiluli Cveuleba saqarTveloSic<br />
arsebob<strong>da</strong>. magram faqtia, rom aRniSnul sakiTxebze qarTveli swavlulebi<br />
VIII-X ss-Si xSirad msjelobdnen <strong>da</strong> agrovebdnen argumentebs qristeSobis 25 dekembers<br />
sResaswaulobis sasargeblod, rac maT monofizitebTan, ufro zustad ki somxeb-<br />
Tan, kamaTisaTvis sWirdebo<strong>da</strong>T.<br />
specialur literaturaSi garkveulia, rom yvela pirvelxarisxovani Zegli, romelSic<br />
Sobis romauli tradiciis mixedviT ga<strong>da</strong>xdis samarTlianobazea laparaki, qarTulad<br />
IX-X ss-mde iTargmna. maT vxvdebiT or agiografiul-homiletikur krebulSi: svanur<br />
<strong>da</strong> parxlur mravalTavebSi, romlebic X-XI ss-iT TariRdeba. mxedvelobaSia misa-<br />
Rebi is garemoeba, rom es kodeqsebi istoriuli saqarTvelos im mxareSi Seiqmnen, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />
1 Барсов Н., Пасха. Энциклопедический Словарь, т. 22-А, Издатели: Ф. А. Брокгауз, И. А. Ефрон (С-Петербург, 1897), стр. 60-61.<br />
2 Kekelidze-Tarchnishvili: Geschichte der kirchlichen georgischen Literatur, Auf Grund der ersten Bandes der georgischen Literaturgeschichte von<br />
K. Kekelidze, Bearbeitet von P. Michael Tarchnishvili in verbindung mit Dr. Julius Assfalg (Vatikan, 1955), 382-383.<br />
388
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