axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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loT Tanamedrove samsunis yuris aRmosavleTiT mdebare zanurenovani toponimi _ Temiskira.<br />
aseve, iqve, Termodontis velze arsebob<strong>da</strong>, pomponius melas mier moxseniebuli<br />
qalaqi _ Temiskuri, romelic, mecnierTa azriT, Temiskiri’s variants un<strong>da</strong> warmoadgendes.<br />
bunebrivia, am problemebze msjelobisas TavisTvad interes aRZravs saxelwodeba<br />
dioskuria. roca am tipis toponimebis mniSvnelobas adgenen, mxedvelobaSi Rebuloben<br />
zanuri _ megruli, ise, rogorc lazuri -skur elementis Semcveli im toponimebis arsebobas,<br />
romlebic upiratesad Rele-mdinareebs aRniSnav<strong>da</strong>. am rigis problematikasTan<br />
mimarTebaSi warmoCndeba megruli sityvebi _ squri (mSrali), noskiri (<strong>da</strong>naSrobi). varaudoben,<br />
rom noskiri’<strong>da</strong>n un<strong>da</strong> iyos nawarmoebi soflis saxeli nosiri. ase vrclad es<br />
sakiTxebi imitom warmovaCineT, rom toponimTa urTierTa<strong>da</strong>kavSirebis safuZvelze vaCvenoT<br />
eTnopolitikuri <strong>da</strong> eTnoistoriuli warsulis sferoSi <strong>axali</strong> mosazrebebis gaCenis<br />
SesaZleblobeba. araa gamoricxuli, rom swored nosiri iyos bizantiis imperatoris<br />
_ iustinianes mier kolxeTSi agebuli cixe-simagre losorioni (//lisirisi) an igi<br />
mis saxelwodebaSi iyos asaxuli (ix. s. yauxCiSvili). am TvalsazrisTa erToblioam specialur<br />
literaturaSi gaaCina macdunebeli azri, romlis Tanaxma<strong>da</strong>c Temiskaris <strong>da</strong>blobze<br />
mosaxle sirebi (levkosirebi), rogorc satomo gaerTianeba, <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli yofili<br />
zanur -skir (//-skur) ZirTan (<strong>da</strong>wvr. ix. g. qavTaraZe).<br />
TavisTavad yuradRebas iqcevs sakuTriv nigali’s etimologiisa <strong>da</strong> semantikis sakiTxebic.<br />
`qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ asaxul TxzulebebSi es saxelwodeba (nigali, nigalis<br />
xevi) araerTgzis gvxvdeba. am xeobis aRmniSvnelad sxva sityvebic mogvepoveba, iseTi,<br />
rogoricaa ligani <strong>da</strong> livana. literaturaSi miaCniaT, rom es saxelwodebebi klarjeT-<br />
Si, qarTvelur samyaroSi, mdinare Woroxis qvemo dinebasTan mdebare olqis saxelwodebis<br />
_ nigalis _ transformaciis Sedegia: nigali>ligani>livana, msgavsad Zveli aRmosavleTis<br />
xalxebSi arsebuli calkeuli lingvisturi procedurisa. magaliTad, ligistinelebi<br />
kolxebis mezoblad mcxovrebi eTnikuri jgufi Tu tomobrivi <strong>da</strong>jgufeba iyo.<br />
`ligistikes~ 1 Secvla `libistikeTi~ garkveul enobriv samyaroSi un<strong>da</strong> momx<strong>da</strong>riyo, guturaluri<br />
fonemis <strong>da</strong>kargvisa <strong>da</strong> xmovanTa Soris glaidis gaCeniT. varaudoben, rom<br />
analogiuri cvlilebebis Sedegi iyo luviuri saxelwodebis Luvwijia-s xeTuri Lukkasgan<br />
gaCena. saerTod, l <strong>da</strong> n bgeraTmonacvleoba <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli yofila xeTuri xanis<br />
Crdilo-anatoliuri toponimebisaTvis. eTer beriZis toponimikur fondSi gvxvdeba adgilTa<br />
iseTi saxelwodebebic, romlebic, Cveni azriT, adreuli eTnikuri istoriis amsaxvelia<br />
<strong>da</strong> SesaZlebelia rigi problemuri kiTxvis asaxsnela<strong>da</strong>c gamogvadges. aseT<br />
saxelwodebebs un<strong>da</strong> ganekuTvnebodes nigalis xeobaSi arsebuli soflis saxeli Tolgomi<br />
(Turqulad Salkimi _ wignSi ganmartebulia rogorc `grZeli yurZeni~ _ gv. 278). <strong>da</strong>saSvebia<br />
igi ukavSirdebodes Tabalis qveynis qalaqs Togorma’s (//Tegarma//Til-garimu).<br />
am Tanxvedrilobis <strong>da</strong>sabuTebis mniSvneloba kidev ufro gaizrdeba Tu Cven gavixsenebT<br />
araerTi specialistis azrs imis Sesaxeb, rom Togorma uSualod iyo <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli<br />
qarTvelebis eTnarq-winaprebis: haosisa <strong>da</strong> qarTlosis mamis _ Targamosis saxelTan.<br />
gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, mecnierTa garkveuli nawili Tvlis, rom qristianobis miRebis Semdeg, roca<br />
didi iyo `Sesaqmis wignis~ gavlena, dev-gmirad qceuli qarTvelTa RvTaeba _ qarTlosi<br />
genealogiurad <strong>da</strong>ukavSir<strong>da</strong> `SesaqmeTa wignis~ `tabula popularum~-s <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>iqca Togormis<br />
(Targamosis) Zed. es iRblian mixvedrad miaCniaT, radgan qalaqi Til-garimu<br />
mdebareob<strong>da</strong> TabalSi, im arealSi, sai<strong>da</strong>nac warmoSobiT tibareni-iberebi iyvnen, Tumca<br />
Cven isic un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT, rom qarTvelTa winaprebis warmomavlobis Sesaxeb arsebobs<br />
odnav Tu sagrZnoblad gansxvavebuli versiebic (<strong>da</strong>wvr. ix. g. qavTaraZe).<br />
rogorc mosalodneli iyo, nigalis xeobis adrindel mkvlevarTagan gansxvavebiT,<br />
eTer beriZis naSromSi bevri ram <strong>da</strong>zust<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> araerTi originaluri sakiTxi warmoCn<strong>da</strong><br />
Zveli <strong>da</strong> <strong>axali</strong> masalebis Sepirispirebisas. mTavari <strong>da</strong>skvna, rac monografiaSi toponimika-onomastikasTanaa<br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli, gaxlavT is, rom ZirZveli qarTveluri geografiuli<br />
leqsemebi dRes ukve Zalze Semcirebulia makrotoponimiaSi. yuradsaRebia isic,<br />
rom, rogorc Cans, lazurenovani mosaxleoba ufro metad aqtiurobs, vidre qarTulenovani,<br />
radganac adrindel mkvlevarTa SromebSi <strong>da</strong>culi lazuri monacemebi dRemde<br />
ucvlelia. Cveni yuradReba miiqcia agreTve, eTer beriZis mier calke Tavad gamoyofilma<br />
e. w. Sereulma toponimebma (gv. 136-141), romlebSic fuZe qarTulia, xolo afiqsi _<br />
1 Sdr. `ligistikur kÂtaÁas~ _ SesaZlo Crdilokapadokiuri qalaqi <strong>da</strong> ligiebisa <strong>da</strong> levkosirebis saxelwodebaTa<br />
fonetikur msgavsebas, maT kavSirs kolxur samyarosTan.<br />
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