axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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kudiani grZneuli iyo. mas a<strong>da</strong>mianis mojazva SesZlebia. ityodnen: `saca jazma momadga,<br />
xeiri ver vnaxeo~. jazs SeeZlo a<strong>da</strong>mianisaTvis winaswari qmedeba Caegonebina, gauval<br />
adgilebSi gaetyuebina. erTi siuJetis mixedviT^`wev<strong>da</strong> sanadirod mezoblis kaci.<br />
gaagzavna jazi qalma. iqna Svavi <strong>da</strong> Tovlma kaci <strong>da</strong>Tvis maRaroSi Seitana. <strong>da</strong>Tvma monadires<br />
xelebi alokia. <strong>da</strong>Tvs zamTarSi balani ara aqvs. TaTebze qoni gamosdis <strong>da</strong> zam-<br />
TarSi amiT ikvebeba. es kaci bunagSi gazafxulamde yav<strong>da</strong>. monadire Camovi<strong>da</strong> soflad<br />
<strong>da</strong> ganacxa<strong>da</strong>: <strong>da</strong>Tvs veSvile, jazma gamagzavnao~. sxva versiiT, jazs, romelic yvelas<br />
avi TvaliT uyureb<strong>da</strong>, fexikvalis moparva scodnia. a<strong>da</strong>mianis namyof adgilze^_ naterfali<strong>da</strong>n<br />
jazebi Turme miwas iRebdnen, qaRaldze nusxas werdnen, Sig anaReb miwas axvevdnen<br />
<strong>da</strong> wyalSi agdebdnen. <strong>da</strong>koWili avaddebo<strong>da</strong>, ver gaivli<strong>da</strong> _ gabeCdebo<strong>da</strong>.@ Tu nusxas<br />
ipovnidnen, maSin sasuliero piri <strong>da</strong>koWils kiTxviT uSveli<strong>da</strong>. sawinaaRmdego Sem-<br />
TxvevaSi <strong>da</strong>koWili a<strong>da</strong>miani kvdebo<strong>da</strong> 1 . fexis kvalis moparvasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT sainteresoa<br />
rwmena, romelic miiCnev<strong>da</strong>, rom eSmaki ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebisas fexis kvals, ufro zustad,<br />
Sebrunebuli terfis kvals toveb<strong>da</strong>. eSmaki xSirad msverplis meSveobiT moqmedeb<strong>da</strong>.<br />
magaliTad, vanis raionis sofel sulorSi Cawerili gadmocemiT, sofel suloris<br />
zeviT^ sayane adgili e. w. TavSayeli mdebareob<strong>da</strong>, sa<strong>da</strong>c mejogeebs karavi hqon<strong>da</strong>T gamarTuli.<br />
macuces (a<strong>da</strong>mianis saxelia) mejogeebis SeSineba <strong>da</strong>uwyia, magram amas Turme<br />
eSmaki akeTebineb<strong>da</strong>, eSmaki hyav<strong>da</strong> Semj<strong>da</strong>ri. eSmaki <strong>da</strong>uZaxeb<strong>da</strong>, Caugde mejogeebs TefSi<br />
qvao <strong>da</strong> macucec Caugdeb<strong>da</strong>. mejogeebi gamodiodnen <strong>da</strong> macucesTan Wi<strong>da</strong>obdnen.<br />
kudianebi umetesad axorSi iparebodnen, raTa saqonlisaTvis gul-RviZli gamoeWamaT.^isini<br />
buzad iqceodnen <strong>da</strong> pirutyvs pirSi uZvrebodnen,^ris gamoc, xalxuri warmodgeniT,<br />
saqoneli sustdebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> kvdebo<strong>da</strong>. saqonlis sadgomSi RamiT Separul kudians<br />
<strong>da</strong>saSvebia araferic ar miesakuTrebina, magram ojaxis wevrTa <strong>da</strong>frTxobisa <strong>da</strong> wvalebis<br />
mizniT xmaurs tex<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> saxleulis patrons ZebniT Rli<strong>da</strong>. kudianebs yvela tipis<br />
saqonlis sadgomSi SeRweva SeeZloT, Tumca gamonakliss nakurTxi adgilebi warmoadgen<strong>da</strong>.<br />
zemoaWarul sofel TagoSi Cawerili masalis mixedviT, RamiT jazebi saqonlis<br />
mowvelis mizniT soflis yvela axorSi Sesulan. or axorSi ver SeuRweviaT _ nakur-<br />
Txi iyo. am axorebze xarisa <strong>da</strong> cxenis patara nalebi iyo mikruli.@<br />
kudianTagan Tav<strong>da</strong>sacavad xSirad ojaxi TeTr mamalsa <strong>da</strong> TeTr cxens gaiCen<strong>da</strong><br />
xolme. mamali kudianebis <strong>da</strong>naxvisas yio<strong>da</strong>, xolo yivilze kudiani Zalas kargav<strong>da</strong>. rogorc<br />
Cans, am SemTxvevaSi, mamlis yivili gariJraJTan iyo gaTanabrebuli, rac Ramiseul<br />
arsebaTa grZneulobis <strong>da</strong>sasruls warmoadgen<strong>da</strong>. rac Seexeba cxens, igi sadgomSi<br />
Sesul borot suls wixlav<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mas saqonelTan ar uSveb<strong>da</strong>. logikuria vifiqroT,<br />
rom TeTri cxenis sakraluri simbolika aRniSnul demonologiur siuJetSi SemTxveviT<br />
faqts ar warmoadgen<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong>saSvebia, igi borotebasTan mebrZoli TeTri giorgis<br />
TeTr raSTan iqnes identificirebuli.<br />
Tu Zroxa xbos Sob<strong>da</strong>, im Rames <strong>da</strong> Semdegac ojaxis wevrebi saqonlis sadgoms gansakuTrebulad<br />
icav<strong>da</strong> 2 . axorSi uxmar bades ga<strong>da</strong>ixuravdnen, nems <strong>da</strong>ikavebdnen <strong>da</strong> godors<br />
xelSi moimarjvebdnen, raTa igi jazisaTvis moxerxebulad Tavze ga<strong>da</strong>efarebinaT. jazi nene<br />
<strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>rajebulT SeniSnav<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> SesZaxeb<strong>da</strong>: `saponi, saponio~ 3 . Tu mo<strong>da</strong>raje am sityvebs<br />
gaimeoreb<strong>da</strong>, maSin kudiani maT aucileblad xeli<strong>da</strong>n gausxltebo<strong>da</strong>. xalxuri warmodgeniT,<br />
kudianis gamosavlenad nacaric gamoiyenebo<strong>da</strong>. erTi gadmocemiT, `bavSvs uZiloba <strong>da</strong>s-<br />
Cem<strong>da</strong>. dedisaTvis uswavlebiaT bavSvis irgvliv nacari mimoyare <strong>da</strong> gaigeb masTan ra sulieri<br />
midiso~. diliT <strong>da</strong>xedes <strong>da</strong> nacarze a<strong>da</strong>mianis kvali _ nafexuri SeniSnes. bavSvis bebia<br />
moiyvanes <strong>da</strong> nakvalevze terfi <strong>da</strong>adebines. misi kvali aRmoCn<strong>da</strong> 4 .<br />
rogorc aRiniSna, farTod gavrcelebuli Sexedulebis mixedviT, aWaraSi kudianebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>Weris aucilebel atributs bade warmoadgen<strong>da</strong>, aseve, uxmari saceri, sarke <strong>da</strong> uxmari<br />
almasi. tradiciuli wesis mixedviT, yvela am nivTiT kudians saqonlis sadgomSi<br />
un<strong>da</strong> Casafrebodi <strong>da</strong> bade ga<strong>da</strong>gefarebina. badeSi gaxveul kudians mxedveloba ekargebo<strong>da</strong>.<br />
badis ga<strong>da</strong>farebamde <strong>da</strong>mWers sacerSi un<strong>da</strong> gaexe<strong>da</strong>,^xolo sarkis meSveobiT kudi-<br />
1 p. rurua, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, mareTis xeoba _ aWara (1993) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
2 aWaraSi rwmena kudianis saqonlis sadgomSi Sesvlis Taobaze imdenad realur sinamdviled iyo warmodgenili,<br />
rom mosaxleobaSi aseTi gamoTqmac ki gaCn<strong>da</strong>: `RmerTma ar mogiSalos saxlSi qudiani, axorSi kudianio~.<br />
3 Tu ga<strong>da</strong>vxe<strong>da</strong>vT iseT jadosnur atributebs, rogorebicaa saponi, savarcxeli, nemsi <strong>da</strong> bade, maSin <strong>da</strong>vinaxavT,<br />
rom tradiciul sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebuli rwmena-warmodgenebisa <strong>da</strong> qarTuli xalxuri jadosnuri<br />
zRaprebis repertuarisaTvis es simboloebi saerTo <strong>da</strong> niSandoblivia.<br />
4 n. mgelaZe, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi _ aWara (1988) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
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