axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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anisaTvis un<strong>da</strong> eTvalTvala. amis Semdeg kudians Tavze sacers axuravdnen,^bades ki _<br />
Tavze afarebdnen. kudiani yovelgvar sueTSi@_ formaSi Sedio<strong>da</strong>: katad an Tagvad iqceo<strong>da</strong>.<br />
misi <strong>da</strong>Weris SemTxvevaSi igi fqvilian kidobanSi un<strong>da</strong> Cagesva. gamTeniisken, roca<br />
mamali iyivleb<strong>da</strong>, kudiani a<strong>da</strong>mianis saxes Rebulob<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong>giwyeb<strong>da</strong> Txovnas: `ar gamce<br />
<strong>da</strong> kudianobas Tavs <strong>da</strong>vanebo~ 1 an Segexverwebo<strong>da</strong>: `gamiSvi <strong>da</strong> Sens karze wvima-wylis<br />
mets arafers gavaronieb, ar <strong>da</strong>gazianebo~. tradiciuli rwmena-warmodgeniT, roca igi<br />
Txovnas iwyeb<strong>da</strong> _ `gamiSvi^ ar gamamxilo <strong>da</strong> dReis Semdeg cudi mizniT Sen ojaxsa <strong>da</strong><br />
kar-mi<strong>da</strong>mos ar gavekarebio~, maSin mas scemdnen an sxeulis romelime nawils kveTdnen.<br />
Tu ar Secdebodi <strong>da</strong> ar gauSvebdi, sabolood, sakuTari saxiT gamogecxadebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />
TxovnaTa koriantels <strong>da</strong>ayeneb<strong>da</strong>. sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva arsebad qceuli kudiani <strong>da</strong>saxiCrebuli<br />
Tu gageqceo<strong>da</strong>, maSin meore diliT sofeli un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>gevlo <strong>da</strong> vinc fizikurad Selaxuli<br />
aRmoCndeba, eWvic imaze un<strong>da</strong> migetana. gadmocemis erT-erTi variantiT, <strong>da</strong>Weris<br />
dros kudiani katad qceula <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mWers misTvis TaTi moukveTia. meore diliT am kacs<br />
axlobeli (bicola) loginSi TiTmoWrili unaxavs 2 . av suls kudi un<strong>da</strong> SeaWra <strong>da</strong> gavarvarebuli<br />
rkiniT <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>Ro. saqolis sadgomSi badega<strong>da</strong>farebulma aucileblad bebibu-<br />
Tis <strong>da</strong>na un<strong>da</strong> iqonios. sxvaTaSoris, analogiuri siuJetebi samxreT-<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTveloSi<br />
sakmaod farTod iyo gavrcelebuli <strong>da</strong> kudianis gamovlenis erT-erT saSualebad<br />
masze RamiT fizikuri zianis miyeneba miiCneo<strong>da</strong>. meore diliT mezoblebs uCumrad SeaTvalierebdnen<br />
<strong>da</strong> a<strong>da</strong>mianis formaSi vinmes nakls Tu aRmouCendnen, maSin mas brals avsulobaSi<br />
<strong>da</strong>swamebdnen. cnobilia faqtebi, roca kudianebis mxilebisas mosaxleoba <strong>da</strong>xmarebas<br />
saxelisuflebo organoebsac sTxov<strong>da</strong>. magaliTad, di<strong>da</strong>WarelTa arzis Sinaarsi,<br />
romelic maT `uCastkis~ ufross miarTves, aseTi iyo: Cven sazogadoebaSi kudianebi<br />
gvyavs <strong>da</strong> imaTi gamorCevis neba gviboZeTo _ `neba gviboZeT jazi-boSi@ moviyvanoT <strong>da</strong><br />
visac jazi-boSi kudianad <strong>da</strong>asaxelebs is mogvaSoreT <strong>da</strong> sxvagan ga<strong>da</strong>asaxleTo~ 3 . kudianis<br />
gamovlenis mizniT eWvmitanilis _ kudianad miCneulis <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>Rvis, fizikuri zianisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>saxiCrebis faqtebze gurulebic miuTiTeben. T. saxokias guriaSi mopovebuli cnobebis<br />
Tanaxmad, mRalavni Turme <strong>da</strong>Ramebisas iwyebdnen sofelSi sanadirod Zrwolas.<br />
mRalavi xSirad katad iqceo<strong>da</strong>,^eZeb<strong>da</strong> msxverpls. amitom yvela katas, im RamiT Sin mosuls,<br />
ojaxis wevrni didi sifrTxiliT adevnebdnen Tvalyurs. Tu kata ucnobi an mezoblis<br />
iyo^ ecdebodnen <strong>da</strong>eWiraT <strong>da</strong> tuCi gaxurebuli SanTiT <strong>da</strong>ewvaT. meore dRes, roca<br />
kata isev a<strong>da</strong>mianad iqceo<strong>da</strong>,^ <strong>da</strong>Ri <strong>da</strong>aCndebo<strong>da</strong>. vinc im dRes loginSi Cawvebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />
Tavs moiavadmyofeb<strong>da</strong>, eWvi Sehqon<strong>da</strong>T _^ mRalavi un<strong>da</strong> iyoso, winaRames mRalavobaze<br />
<strong>da</strong>iWerdnen <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>Ravdneno 4 .<br />
tradiciul yofaSi gavrcelebuli Sexedulebis Tanaxmad, pirovnebis kudianobis<br />
gasarkvevad ganmsazRvreli iyo wyali. eWvmitanils gobSi Casvamdnen. xalxuri gagebiT,<br />
wyalSi kudi gamoCndebo<strong>da</strong>, romelsac SeaWridnen, rac kudians grZneul Tvisebebs ukargav<strong>da</strong>.<br />
wylis amgvari funqcia guriaSi gamovlenil folklorul-eTnografiul masaleb-<br />
Si naTla<strong>da</strong>a asaxuli. guriaSi arsebobs e. w. kudianebis tba, romelic zotisa <strong>da</strong> baxmaros<br />
gzasayarSi mdinare gobazeulTan mdebareobs. adre kudianobaSi eWvmitanili marTlac<br />
kudiani Tu ar iyo, mosaxleobis rwmeniT, CaiZirebo<strong>da</strong>, magram Tu kudiani iyo _<br />
wylis zemoT itivtiveb<strong>da</strong>. specialur literaturaSi TvalsaCino<strong>da</strong>a aRwerili am rigis<br />
masalis ZiriTadi Taviseburebani, romlis safuZvelzec irkveva^kudianobaSi mxilebas-<br />
Tan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli Cveulebebis lokaluri <strong>da</strong> zogadi arsi. magaliTad, kudianobaSi<br />
eWvmitanils kiserze Toks wauWerdnen <strong>da</strong> avsulobaSi Tu ar gamotydebo<strong>da</strong>, maSin xidze<br />
Tavqve <strong>da</strong>kidebdnen. <strong>da</strong>naSauls Tu ar aRiareb<strong>da</strong> Tokebs <strong>da</strong>Wridnen <strong>da</strong> ganwirulTan er-<br />
Tad wyalSi Cayridnen. rogorc iTqva, <strong>da</strong>Zirul pirs kudianad ar miiCnevdnen, xolo<br />
vinc ar CaiZirebo<strong>da</strong> igi codvis Svilad iTvlebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> ityodnen: `wyalmac ar miiRoo~.<br />
kudianobaSi braldebuli wyli<strong>da</strong>n amoyav<strong>da</strong>T <strong>da</strong> klavdnen 5 . saerTod, kudianobaSi SemCneulT<br />
mosaxleoba sufsis napirze erTad uyri<strong>da</strong> Tavs. es adgili iyo iq, sa<strong>da</strong>c wyali<br />
mdored miedinebo<strong>da</strong>, xidis maxloblad e. w. guris tbis@ mi<strong>da</strong>moebSi. TavSeyris adgil-<br />
1 n. mgelaZe, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, aWara (1991) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
2 n. mgelaZe, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, guria-aWara (1986) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
3 iveria,@68 (1988). <strong>da</strong>wvrilebiT ix. o. zoiZe, sasamarTlo organizacia aWaraSi CveulebiTi samarTlis<br />
mixedviT, kulturologiuri <strong>da</strong> istoriul-eTnografiuli Ziebani saqarTveloSi, 1 (baTumi, 1976).<br />
4 T. saxokia, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi, gv. 50.<br />
5 j. noRaideli, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi, gv. 68; aseve, guriaSi, avi sulebis _ kudianebis gamosacnobad a<strong>da</strong>mianis <strong>da</strong>-<br />
SanTva icodnen. <strong>da</strong>R<strong>da</strong>smulis vinaoba amiT yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomi xdebo<strong>da</strong>.<br />
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