axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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gar<strong>da</strong>qmniliyo 1 . swored aRniSnul sakiTxTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT gamovlin<strong>da</strong> osi social-demokratebis<br />
mxri<strong>da</strong>n qarTuli miwebis mitacebisa <strong>da</strong> gaTavisebis Sinagani kodis amoqmedebis<br />
mcdeloba. mxedvelobaSi maqvs imave konferenciis mier sasoflo sazogadoebebis<br />
gaerTianebis motiviT, osebisaTvis 8 saerobo erTeulis Camoyalibebis Sesaxeb miRebuli<br />
rezolucia. am dokumentis mixedviT, osebisaTvis Semdegi saerobo erTeulebi un<strong>da</strong><br />
Seqmniliyo: 1) mTa oseTis eroba (soflis sazogadoebebi _ javis, felis, rokis, Casavlis);<br />
2) arkneTis eroba (yornisis, wunaris, avlevis sazogadoebebi); 3) vanaTis eroba<br />
(ortevis, beloTis, andoreTis sazogadoebebi); 4) atenis eroba (ba<strong>da</strong>anis, bobnevis, axalsoflis<br />
sazogadoebebi) 5) qarelis eroba (zRu<strong>da</strong>risa <strong>da</strong> qarelis Sereuli sazogadoebebisagan<br />
Semdgari); 6) xaSuris eroba; 7) axalgoris eroba; 8) Trusos eroba.<br />
im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki osebis saerobo erTeulebi am formiT Seiqmnebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Semdeg-<br />
Si erT samazro saerobo erTeulad gaerTiandebo<strong>da</strong>, Si<strong>da</strong> qarTlis teritoriis udidesi<br />
nawili osebis samazro erTeulis <strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebaSi aRmoCndebo<strong>da</strong>. es imas niSnav<strong>da</strong>,<br />
rom saqarTvelos xelisuflebis mxri<strong>da</strong>n, aRniSnuli teritoriis gankargvis uflebas<br />
osuri administracia samarTlebrivad <strong>da</strong>ikanoneb<strong>da</strong>. teritoriuli TvalsazrisiT, aseTi<br />
farTo samazro saerobo erTeulis osebisaTvis ga<strong>da</strong>cema, qarTuli saxelmwifos interesebs<br />
ewinaaRmdegebo<strong>da</strong>, radgan: a) igi osebis ganuzomeli pretenziebis gamovlinebas<br />
<strong>da</strong> osuri saxelwodebis erobebis SemadgenlobaSi Si<strong>da</strong> qarTlis teritoriis didi<br />
nawilis moqcevis mcdelobas warmoadgen<strong>da</strong>; b) am gegmis ganxorcieleba, samomavlod osebis<br />
mxri<strong>da</strong>n teritoriuli avtonomiis moTxovnis safuZvlis Semzadebis pirveli safexuri<br />
iqnebo<strong>da</strong>.<br />
osebis samazro-saerobo administraciuli erTeulis teritoriuli sazRvrebis Semofargvlis<br />
TvalsazrisiT, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros, osebis erovnuli sabWos 1918<br />
wlis 10 ianvris proeqtebs <strong>da</strong> osi social-demokratebis goris konferenciaze (1919<br />
wlis aprili) miRebul <strong>da</strong>dgenilebas _ Tuki erTmaneTs Seva<strong>da</strong>rebT, maT Soris udidesi<br />
sxvaoba aRmoCndeba. am masalebs Tuki qarTuli saxelmwifos interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT<br />
gavukeTebT analizs, garkveviT warmoCndeba is mtacebluri ma<strong>da</strong>, romelsac osi separatistebi<br />
Si<strong>da</strong> qarTlis teritoriis misaTviseblad iCendnen. <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli saqar-<br />
Tvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros mier SeTavazebuli proeqtis kompromisuli varianti<br />
_ javis samazro erobis 8 sasoflo sazogadoebaze <strong>da</strong> 3 soflis bazaze <strong>da</strong>fuZneba<br />
os separatistrbs ar akmayofileb<strong>da</strong>. amis sanacvlod, osebis erovnuli sabWos mier 1918<br />
wlis 10 ianvars amierkavkasiis komisariatisadmi wardgenili proeqtis farglebSi acxadebdnen<br />
pretenzias. maTi azriT, `samxreT oseTis~ administraciuli eroba erTi qalaqis,<br />
22 sasoflo sazogadoebisa <strong>da</strong> 3 soflisgan un<strong>da</strong> Seqmniliyo, xolo centrad cxinvali<br />
gamocxadebuliyo 2 . rac Seexeba osi social-demokratebis mier 1919 wels miRebul<br />
<strong>da</strong>dgenilebas, osebis samazro erobas 15 sasoflo sazogadoebisgan Seqmnili 8 saerobo<br />
erTeuli un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>debo<strong>da</strong> safuZvlad.<br />
rogorc vxe<strong>da</strong>vT, osebis erovnuli sabWos proeqtisa <strong>da</strong> osi social-demokratebis<br />
goris konferenciaze miRebuli <strong>da</strong>dgenilebisagan gansxvavebiT, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros<br />
proeqti samazro erTeulisaTvis osebs, pirvel proeqtTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT samjer, xolo<br />
meore proeqtTan mimarTebaSi orjer nakleb teritorias) sTavazob<strong>da</strong>. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad<br />
amisa, es faqti saqarTvelos xelisuflebisagan im etapze udides <strong>da</strong>Tmobas warmoadgen<strong>da</strong>.<br />
miTumetes, Crdilo kavkasiis oseTSi (osebis istoriul samSobloSi), osebs ara Tu<br />
samazro erobis, aramed kulturuli avtonomiis elementaruli uflebebi ar gaaCn<strong>da</strong>.<br />
miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa, isini sabWoTa ruseTis xelisuflebasTan mimarTebaSi Semgueblis<br />
mdgomareobaSi imyofebodnen. rac Seexeba Si<strong>da</strong> qarTlSi mTis osebis gaaqtiurebas <strong>da</strong><br />
osuri administraciuli erTeulis Seqmnis motivaciiT saqarTvelos teritoriis mitacebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>uokebel mcdelobas, sabWoTa ruseTis mxri<strong>da</strong>n mmarTvad saxes atareb<strong>da</strong>. im Sem-<br />
TxvevaSi, Tuki osi separatistebi <strong>da</strong>saxul mizans miaRwevdnen <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos mTavroba<br />
sasurvel teritorias samarTlebrivad <strong>da</strong>ukanoneb<strong>da</strong>, osebs ruseTTan SeerTebis Canafiqris<br />
ganxorcielebis samomavlo perspeqtiva eZleo<strong>da</strong>T. administraciuli erTeulis<br />
_ `samxreT oseTis~ saxelwodebiT Seqmnis SemTxvevaSi, <strong>da</strong>moukidebel saqarTvelos, Si<strong>da</strong><br />
qarTlSi sabWoTa ruseTi `Causaxldebo<strong>da</strong>.~ aq ga<strong>da</strong>mwyvet rols, regionis geostrategiuli<br />
mniSvneloba gansazRvrav<strong>da</strong>. amitom, sabWoTa ruseTis interesebSi misi ze<strong>da</strong>m-<br />
1 goris konferencia, erToba, 7 maisi (1919).<br />
2 administraciul erTeulTa ganyofilebaSi, moambe, # 20 (1921), gv. 15-16.<br />
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