axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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qos yvelaze swori varaudisTvis <strong>da</strong>uWeria mxari. es gaxlavT guram Tofurias azri, romlis<br />
mixedviT, saanalizo fuZe Semdeg segmentacias eqvemdebareba: W-or-ox, sa<strong>da</strong>c Ziriseuli<br />
W elementi qarTuli wy kompleqsis velarul Tanxmovan<strong>da</strong>karguli zanuri Sesatyvisi<br />
un<strong>da</strong> iyos (Sdr. megruli Wy-ol-of-a `wyaloba~, Wy-ol-u-a `wyevla~, Wy-ol-ir-i `wyluli~,<br />
erTi mxriv, magram: wy-ar-i `wyali~, wyu `Wa~, wy-ur-g-il-i `wyaro~, Cxoro-wyu `cxrawyaro~,<br />
svanuri lй-l-wy-e `sveli~, meore mxriv). es <strong>da</strong>kavSireba Zalze saintereso Cans, magram asaxsnelia,<br />
ram gamoiwvia erTi <strong>da</strong> imave saerToqarTvelur wy Ziris transformacia xan SiSina<br />
(kanonzomieri) <strong>da</strong> xanac sisina (anomaliuri) variantebis saxiT megrulSi. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa,<br />
`Worox~-is SemTxvevaSi mTlad naTeli araa wy>Wy>W fonologiuri gar<strong>da</strong>qmnebis safuZveli.<br />
saerTod, un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom Woroxi, maWaxeli, ise, rogorc aWara erTmaneTTan semantikurad<br />
aSkara<strong>da</strong>a <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli. maTSi gamoiyofa -War, -Wor, -Wax martivi fuZeebi, romlebic<br />
<strong>da</strong>iyvanebian W’ Zireul masalamde <strong>da</strong> ukavSirdebian wyals. Cveulebriv, -War <strong>da</strong> -Wor<br />
erTi <strong>da</strong> igive martivi fuZea sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva enaze gamoTqmuli: -War (aWara/aWariswyali) qar-Tuli<br />
fuZea, -Wor (Woroxi _ Sdr. Coloqi: mdinarea qobeleTSi _ guriisa <strong>da</strong> aWaris administraciul<br />
sazRvarTan) ki _ kolxuri (zanuri). sityva Woroxi warmomdgaria zanuri -Wor<br />
Zirisagan. TavisTavad interess iwvevs x’ sufiqsi, romelic sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva winamavali xmovniT<br />
gavrcelebuli iyo saqarTvelosa <strong>da</strong>, saerTod, mTel kavkasiaSi, ise, rogorc axlo aRmosavleTis<br />
uZveles mosaxleobaSi. sufiqsi x’ (Sdr. -xi, -ax -ox, -ix, -ux,...) u<strong>da</strong>vod gamoiyofa<br />
ara marto maWaxelaSi, aramed ukve gamovlenil araerT toponimsa <strong>da</strong> sityvaSi, romelTa<br />
ZiriTadi sema dRes <strong>da</strong>kargulia, Tumca specialur literaturaSi ukve <strong>da</strong>dgenilia afiqsi<br />
hi//ha-s pir<strong>da</strong>piri kavSiri huri-urartul eTnikur samyarosTan (<strong>da</strong>wvr. ix. n. mgelaZe, m. fa-<br />
Rava). bunebrivia, <strong>da</strong>saxelebul konteqstSi, aRniSnul teritoriaze _ uZvelesi droi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
qarTvelTa gansaxlebis arealSi, mniSvnelovania soflis aRmniSvneli saxelwodebis _ katafxia’s<br />
<strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>stureba amave rigis iseTi toponimebis gverdiT, rogoricaa <strong>da</strong>ba _ borCxa,<br />
xeobebi _ desvekeli, murRuli, soflebi: xeba, Suaxevi, ze<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> qve<strong>da</strong> qlaskuri, sveti <strong>da</strong><br />
sxva. katafxia mravalmxriv iqcevs yuradRebas. igi u<strong>da</strong>vod un<strong>da</strong> aixsnas qarTveluri enebis<br />
<strong>da</strong> qarTvelur enobriv samyarosTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli uZvelesi xalxebisa <strong>da</strong> lingvisturi<br />
jgufebis safuZvelze. dResac, qarTuli enis <strong>da</strong>savlur dialeqtebSi, gansakuTrebiT kolxurSi<br />
(zanurSi), Semonaxulia -fxe (//-xe) sufiqsiT gaformebuli naTesaobis aRmniSvneli<br />
saxelwodebebi. igi tradiciulad qalis mamiseul gvars erTvo<strong>da</strong> (magaliTad: bauJafxe,<br />
eliafxe, comaixe, dunduxe...) <strong>da</strong> gaTxovili qalis naTesaobisadmi kuTvnilebas, mamis gvareulobi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
warmomavlobasa <strong>da</strong> vinaobas gamoxatav<strong>da</strong>. am formantiT sqesic ganisazRvrebo<strong>da</strong>.<br />
katafxia’sTan mimarTebaSi yuradRebas iqcevs lazuri gvari ketiSi, romelic SemdegSi<br />
gamoyenebuli iqna gaTxovili qalis mamiseuli gvaris sawarmoeblad: ketifxe (Sdr. lazur<br />
pepifxe’sa <strong>da</strong> TurqeTSi, sofel sumleTSi kanifxe’s). sxvaTaSoris, swored ketifxe<strong>da</strong>n SemdegSi<br />
kvlav warmoiqmna mamiseuli xazis gvareuloba _ ketifxeSi (Sdr. msgavsi gziT warmoqmnil<br />
`tbeTis sulTa matianeSi~ <strong>da</strong>mowmebul nikolafxeSvils). vfiqrobT sayuradReboa<br />
eTer beriZes sufiqsi fxe (//fxi) geografiul saxelwodebaSi rom <strong>da</strong>ufiqsirebia. specialur<br />
literaturaSi ukve <strong>da</strong>dgenilia, rom mdedrobiTi sqesis mawarmoebeli -mxe//-xe//-fxe<br />
nawilakis uZvelesi semantika <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia Sobis cnebasTan, romelic kolxur enobriv<br />
samyaroSi dRemde Semoinaxa (Sdr. o. WurRulias). ganviTarebis adreul safexurze igi manayofierebeli<br />
wylis mniSvnelobasac Seicav<strong>da</strong>. aqe<strong>da</strong>n misi ori arqauli sema: wyali <strong>da</strong><br />
Soba (>Svili//skiri), romlebic qronologiurad Tanabar donezec ki SeiZleba ganvixiloT.<br />
amdenad, fxe//xe ramdenime uZveles mniSvnelobas gadmoscem<strong>da</strong>: manayofierebeli wylis, Sobis<br />
<strong>da</strong>, Sesabamisad, Svilis, mravlobiTi ricxvis <strong>da</strong>, sabolood, zoga<strong>da</strong>d, qalis naTesaobis,<br />
mamiseuli gvarisadmi kuTvnilebis.<br />
tipologiurad <strong>da</strong> semantikurad aseTive konteqstSi un<strong>da</strong> ganvixiloT kolxuri termini<br />
skiri (//sqiri), romelic Svils aRniSnavs <strong>da</strong> gvarsaxelSi sufiqsic rolsac asrulebs<br />
(magaliTad, papaskiri, wuleiskiri, papasqua...), Tumca, imavdroulad, konkretulad<br />
mdinaris, zoga<strong>da</strong>d ki _ wylis aRmniSvnel saxewodebebTanaa <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli, ufro<br />
zustad, igi wylis protosemas un<strong>da</strong> warmoadgendes (<strong>da</strong>wvr. ix. n. mgelaZe, m. faRava). amis<br />
<strong>da</strong>matebiTi <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>sturebaa eTer beriZis mier gamovlenili soflis saxelwodeba _<br />
qlaskuri (gv. 276), romelic, u<strong>da</strong>vod, `Tbil wyals~ un<strong>da</strong> aRniSnavdes <strong>da</strong> ara `Tbili qaris<br />
wyals~ (ix. wignis re<strong>da</strong>qtoris _ r. surmaniZis SeniSvna). niSandoblivia, rom skir-<br />
Tan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli toponimebi qarTvelur tomTa Zvel <strong>da</strong> uZveles istoriul problemaTa<br />
analizis saSualebas gvaZlevs. amitomac, am tipis TiToeuli hidronimisa Tu geografiuli<br />
saxelwodebis gamovlena saSuri saqmea. am TvalsazrisiT SegviZlia <strong>da</strong>vasaxe-<br />
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