axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
axali da uaxlesi istoria
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melic mogzaurebs gafuWebulad miuCneviaT, sanTeli Cauqria 1 . sxvaTaSoris, am<strong>da</strong>gvar gvirabgamoqvabulebTan<br />
Tu sxva adgilebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli xifaTis Sesaxeb aWaris mTianeTSic<br />
msgavsi Sexedulebebi arsebobs. qarTlSic, sofel WandrebSi (qarelis raioni), asaxeleben<br />
adgils _ `ukana Walis xevs~,^romelsac eSmakis xevsac@ eZaxian. mosaxleoba Tvlis, rom xev-<br />
Si eSmakebi binadroben.<br />
guriaSi,^ Zveli stiliT 2 aprils, Wiakokona tardebo<strong>da</strong>. Wiakokonoba kudianebis dReobas<br />
warmoadgen<strong>da</strong>. guriis ama Tu im xeobaSi Wiakokonobas JinJlianobas uwodebdnen. am dRes<br />
yvela ojaxi kocons anTeb<strong>da</strong>. Tvlidnen, rom Tu gakuduli iyavi, kocons un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>xtomodi<br />
<strong>da</strong> amiT kudianebisagan Tavi <strong>da</strong>gexsna. aseve, guriaSi Wiakokonobas lamproba Seesatyvisebo<strong>da</strong>.<br />
kudianebis dReoba Wiakokonobis saxelwodebiT ufro aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi iyo<br />
cnobili, <strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTveloSi ki lamproba iyo gavrcelebuli. lamprobis Rames kudianebi<br />
gareT gamodiodnen. im saxlebs, romelTac jvari hqon<strong>da</strong>T mikruli ver ekarebodnen.<br />
lamproba tardebo<strong>da</strong> Zveli stiliT 2 Tebervals,^axliT ki 15 Tebervals. lamprobisas RamiT<br />
kudianebi cocxebze ga<strong>da</strong>mj<strong>da</strong>rni <strong>da</strong>qrodnen. mosaxleobas balis qerqis kona <strong>da</strong> kvari<br />
Wogze@ hqon<strong>da</strong> mikruli. anTebuli CiraRdnebi xelSi eWiraT, Tan gaiZaxodnen:<br />
`lamparia, lamparia,<br />
Cvens mters suli gaparvia 2 ~.<br />
kocons yvelani anTebdnen, gansakuTrebiT is ojaxebi, romlebic axal gar<strong>da</strong>cvlils<br />
glovobdnen. sawinaaRmdego SemTxvevaSi eSmakebi ar moisvenebdnen.^isini mTi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
ixedebodnen <strong>da</strong> sa<strong>da</strong>c cecxli ar enTo iq Cadiodnen. svaneTSi lamprobas fonetikurad<br />
saxenacvali terminiT limpariT aRniSnavdnen. svanebic RamiT cecxls anTebdnen <strong>da</strong><br />
jgrag’is (wm. giorgis) saxelze loculoben 3 . limparis dRe svaneTSi moZravi iyo, Tumca,<br />
xSirad, Tebervlis Tve uwev<strong>da</strong>.<br />
samegreloSi Wiakokonobas WeWeToba Rame hqvia, romelic Zveli stiliT 19 ivliss<br />
ewyobo<strong>da</strong>. WeWeTobisas Tmebze sanTlebs ikravdnen _ `ar gaviTvaloTo~@ ezos karTan<br />
axlo-maxlo kopitis xisgan <strong>da</strong>mzadebul jvrebs asobdnen. WiSkris win yoveli ojaxi<br />
individualuri wesiT kocons anTeb<strong>da</strong>, Tumca kompaqtur ubnebSi 10-15 saxleulis Seziarebac<br />
cnobil faqts warmoadgen<strong>da</strong> 4 . qarTlSi Wiakokonoba aRdgomis wina oTxSabaTs ewyobo<strong>da</strong>.<br />
am dros yvela komi kocons aagizgizeb<strong>da</strong>. kudiani yvela ezos <strong>da</strong>ivli<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> nacars<br />
iparav<strong>da</strong>. qarTlSi ise, rogorc saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeSi, kudiani im kar-mi<strong>da</strong>mos<br />
stumrob<strong>da</strong>, sa<strong>da</strong>c koconi ar enTo. meore dRes^_ xuTSabaTs ojaxis diasaxlisi nacars<br />
unZraxi aiReb<strong>da</strong>, xaxvi-kvlebs@ moayri<strong>da</strong> _ `Wiebi ar gauCndebao~ <strong>da</strong> `Tamami gaizrdebao~.<br />
unZraxi culs an walds aiReb<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> im xes samjer mouRereb<strong>da</strong>, romeli xec Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT<br />
unayofo iyo^_ `nayofs cu<strong>da</strong>d isxam<strong>da</strong>o~. iq mdgomi saxlis patroni samjer ityo<strong>da</strong><br />
_ `nu moWri <strong>da</strong> iZenZebso~ 5 .@<br />
amrigad, rogorc irkveva, sataniseuli samyaro ierarqiul saxes atareb<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mkacrad<br />
struqtuirebuli iyo. ierarqiis saTaveSi lompapi^_ Tavad satana idga. masTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli<br />
siuJetebi samxreT-<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTvelos mxareebSi zogadqarTuli demomiTologiuri<br />
siuJeturi qargis lokalur variantebs warmoadgendnen, riTac saerTo<br />
qarTveluri Ramiseuli arsebebis funqciaTa met-naklebad sruli saxiT aRdgena xerxdeba.<br />
Ramiseul arsebaTa ierarqiul struqturaSi gansakuTrebuli adgili ekavaT ara marto<br />
kudianebs, aramed cecxlis, wylis, tyisa <strong>da</strong> sulis demonebs _ Winkebs, ferebs, alebs,<br />
tyisa <strong>da</strong> kldis arsebebs, rac samxreT-<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTvelos magaliTze Semdgomi<br />
kvlevis amocanas warmoadgens. saerTod, religiuri anTropologiiTa <strong>da</strong> miTologiiT<br />
<strong>da</strong>interesebul mecnierebs fas<strong>da</strong>udebel samsaxurs uwevs qarTveli xalxis eTnografiul<br />
wiaRSi Sekrebili folkloruli masalebi _ gadmocemebi, Tqmulebebi, miTebi, zRaprebi,<br />
Selocvebi, sagaloblebi, infeqciur (batonebi, yvavilbatonebi,...) <strong>da</strong> sxva saxis<br />
<strong>da</strong>avadebebTan (uJmuri, alis <strong>da</strong>cema, feriT <strong>da</strong>Wera,...) <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli sakraluri Sexedulebebi,<br />
gansakuTrebiT, saymawvilo samkurnalo tradiciebi <strong>da</strong> am tradiciebze aRmocenebuli<br />
sakulto Tu sxva tipis ritualebi.<br />
1 T. saxokia, <strong>da</strong>sax. naSromi, gv. 76-77.<br />
2 n. mgelaZe, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, guria-aWara (1986) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
3 n. mgelaZe, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, balszemo svaneTi^ (1988) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
4 n. mgelaZe, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, samegrelo (1987) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
5 n. mgelaZe, savele-eTnografiuli eqspediciis dRiurebi, qarTli^(1990) (ix. piradi arqivi).<br />
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