Demographic and Health Survey 2009-10 - Timor-Leste Ministry of ...

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The estimation of adult and maternal mortality requires reasonably accurate reporting of the number of brothers and sisters a respondent has ever had, the number who have died, and for maternal mortality, the number of sisters who have died of maternity-related causes. One measure of the quality of the data collected is the completeness of information on siblings. Table 9.1 shows data from the 2009-10 TLDHS on the number of siblings reported by the respondents and the completeness of the data reported on current age, age at death, and years since death. Of the 63,481 siblings reported in the sibling history, survival status was not reported for 16 siblings (
9.2 ADULT MORTALITY Table 9.3 Sibship size and sex ratio of siblings Mean sibship size and sex ratio of births, Timor-Leste 2009-10 Year of birth of respondents Mean sibship size Sex ratio at birth of siblings 1955-59 5.3 80.0 1960-64 5.1 106.6 1965-69 5.2 101.2 1970-74 5.3 104.3 1975-79 5.5 105.4 1980-84 5.8 101.0 1985-89 6.2 107.9 1990-95 6.5 108.9 Total 5.8 105.7 It is advisable to begin by discussing overall adult mortality. If the overall mortality estimates display a general, stable, and plausible pattern, they lend credence to the maternal mortality estimates derived thereafter because maternal mortality is a subset of adult mortality. Direct estimates of male and female adult mortality are obtained from information collected in the sibling history. Agespecific death rates are computed by dividing the number of deaths in each age group by the total person-months of exposure in that age group during a specified reference period. In total, female respondents in the 2009-10 TLDHS reported 63,481 siblings, of whom 30,861 were sisters and 32,621 were brothers (Table 9.1). Direct estimates of age-specific mortality rates for females and males are shown in Table 9.4 for the period zero to six years before the survey. This seven-year period is taken as a compromise between the desire to minimize recall bias and the desire to minimize sampling errors associated with small numbers. The number of sibling deaths is fairly small, and because of the large sampling variability at each five-year age group, it is preferable to aggregate the data over the age range of 15-49 years. There are more female than male deaths in the seven years preceding the survey (288 compared with 237 per 1,000 population). The female mortality rate is 2.4 deaths per 1,000 population and is 16 percent higher than the male mortality rate of 2.0 deaths per 1,000 population. In the absence of comparable estimates of adult mortality, it may be useful to refer to indirect estimates of adult mortality from the World Health Organization (WHO). For the year 2006, which is roughly equivalent to the midpoint for the reference period of adult mortality rates in the 2009-10 TLDHS, the WHO estimates adult mortality for the age group of 15-60 years at 237 per 1,000 for men and 161 per 1,000 for women (WHO, 2008). 9.3 MATERNAL MORTALITY Table 9.4 Adult mortality rates Direct estimates of female and male mortality for the period 0 to 6 years prior to the survey, Timor-Leste 2009-10 Exposure Mortality Age Deaths years rates1 15-19 38 FEMALE 26,996 1.42 20-24 52 26,051 1.99 25-29 51 20,387 2.49 30-34 68 17,247 3.97 35-39 28 14,917 1.85 40-44 33 10,412 3.16 45-49 18 5,917 3.06 15-49 288 121,927 2.35a MALE 15-19 47 28,503 1.65 20-24 23 27,180 0.85 25-29 46 21,459 2.12 30-34 30 17,734 1.67 35-39 32 15,002 2.11 40-44 36 10,539 3.39 45-49 24 6,188 3.95 15-49 237 126,605 2.02a 1 Expressed per 1,000 population a Age-adjusted rate Maternal deaths are a subset of all female deaths and are associated with pregnancy and childbearing. Two survey methods are generally used to estimate maternal mortality in developing countries: the indirect sisterhood method (Graham et al., 1989) and a direct variant of the sisterhood method (Rutenberg and Sullivan, 1991). Information on maternal mortality for the period of zero to Adult and Maternal Mortality | 111
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Timor-Leste Demographic and Health
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CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES .......
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CHAPTER 7 FERTILITY PREFERENCES 7.1
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14.8 HIV/AIDS-related Knowledge and
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x | Tables and Figures CHAPTER 4 FE
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xii | Tables and Figures Table 11.4
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xiv | Tables and Figures Table 16.4
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FOREWORD The 2009-10 Timor-Leste De
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CONTRIBUTORS TO THE REPORT Elias do
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about three children more than wome
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Postnatal Care. The majority of wom
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However, the level of chronic energ
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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL INDICAT
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INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 HISTORY, GEOGRAP
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The government of Timor-Leste has l
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1.5 ORGANIZATION OF THE SURVEY The
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1.8 HEMOGLOBIN TESTING In one-third
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In these households, 13,796 women w
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Table 2.1 Household population by a
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The percentage of children not livi
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The Early Childhood Care and Educat
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Table 2.4.2 Educational attainment
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The GAR at the primary school level
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ate (2 percent) than their rural co
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water. Thirty-six percent of househ
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The type of flooring material used
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Table 2.11 Wealth quintiles Percent
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS 3 Th
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Table 3.2.1 Educational attainment:
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Table 3.3.1 Literacy: Women Percent
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Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
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Table 3.5.1 Employment status: Wome
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3.4.2 Occupation Respondents who we
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3.4.3 Earnings, Employers, and Cont
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Tables 3.8.1 and 3.8.2 show the per
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Table 3.9.1 Use of tobacco: Women P
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FERTILITY 4 One of the major object
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Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
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calculated in the 2003 DHS follows
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of primary sterility. In Timor-Lest
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Table 4.8 Median age at first birth
Page 91 and 92: FAMILY PLANNING 5 In 2002, the Coun
Page 93 and 94: According to the 2003 DHS, knowledg
Page 95 and 96: Table 5.3.1 Ever use of contracepti
Page 97 and 98: Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
Page 99 and 100: Table 5.5 Current use of contracept
Page 101 and 102: Use increases with parity but with
Page 103 and 104: Female and male sterilizations are
Page 105 and 106: Table 5.10 Future use of contracept
Page 107 and 108: Table 5.13 Exposure to family plann
Page 109: Table 5.15 Husband/partner’s know
Page 112 and 113: 6.2 POLYGYNY Polygyny (the practice
Page 114 and 115: 20.9 years. Although the proportion
Page 116 and 117: 84 | Other Proximate Determinants o
Page 118 and 119: Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 120 and 121: There is little difference in the p
Page 122 and 123: 2 percent among women age 30-34 to
Page 124 and 125: 92 | Fertility Preferences Table 7.
Page 126 and 127: 94 | Fertility Preferences 7.3 NEED
Page 128 and 129: 96 | Fertility Preferences an idea
Page 130 and 131: 98 | Fertility Preferences The perc
Page 132 and 133: with their death, or they may live
Page 134 and 135: 100 80 60 40 20 102 | Infant and Ch
Page 136 and 137: 104 | Infant and Child Mortality Ta
Page 138 and 139: 8.7 HIGH-RISK FERTILITY BEHAVIOR Th
Page 141: ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY 9 The
Page 145 and 146: MATERNAL HEALTH 10 Making Pregnancy
Page 147 and 148: among women in the lowest wealth qu
Page 149 and 150: A much lower percentage of Timorese
Page 151 and 152: Table 10.5 Knowledge of danger sign
Page 153 and 154: 10.6.2 Assistance during Delivery O
Page 155 and 156: Table 10.8 Knowledge of danger sign
Page 157 and 158: Table 10.10 Application of material
Page 159 and 160: Table 10.12 Timing of first postnat
Page 161 and 162: Where health services are present,
Page 163 and 164: CHILD HEALTH 11 This chapter presen
Page 165 and 166: In the TLDHS, information on vaccin
Page 167 and 168: Boys (54 percent) are somewhat more
Page 169 and 170: The data indicate that two percent
Page 171 and 172: 11.6 DIARRHEAL DISEASE Dehydration
Page 173 and 174: Table 11.8 Diarrhea treatment Among
Page 175 and 176: Ten percent of children with diarrh
Page 177: There are marked differences in the
Page 180 and 181: international reference population
Page 182 and 183: 80 Percent 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 150
Page 184 and 185: 60 50 40 30 20 10 152 | Nutrition o
Page 186 and 187: Table 12.2 shows the percentages of
Page 188 and 189: 100 Percent 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20
Page 190 and 191: Table 12.5 Foods and liquids consum
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Table 12.6 Infant and young child f
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Table 12.7 shows the percentage of
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the most recent distribution preced
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Table 12.10 Nutritional status of w
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Table 12.12 shows data on micronutr
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12.12 PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN WOMEN
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MALARIA 13 Malaria remains a leadin
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13.1.2 Use of Mosquito Nets by Chil
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Tables 13.3 and 13.4 show the perce
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The highest prevalence of fever is
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HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUD
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percent of women and 61 percent of
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person who has AIDS or by sharing c
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Comprehensive knowledge about AIDS
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HIV or AIDS on all four indicators
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Table 14.6 Payment for sexual inter
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14.5 MALE CIRCUMCISION Male circumc
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In the 2009-10 TLDHS, women and men
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100 Percent 80 60 40 20 0 64 Total
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14.8.2 Age at First Sex and Condom
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To assess the extent of condom use
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WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND DEMOGRAPH
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Table 15.2.1 Control over women’s
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Table 15.2.2 Control over men's cas
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Table 15.4.1 Women’s participatio
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Table 15.5.1 Women’s participatio
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15.5 ATTITUDES TOWARD WIFE BEATING
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Table 15.6.2 Attitude toward wife b
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Table 15.7.1 Attitude toward refusi
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Women’s empowerment is closely as
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Table 15.8 Indicators of women’s
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pathways: its negative association
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DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 16 In the words o
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partner] hit, slapped, kicked, or d
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Table 16.1 Experience of physical v
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Among women who have never been mar
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who experienced sexual violence fir
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Domestic violence is not limited to
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Table 16.8 Forms of spousal violenc
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Table 16.9—Continued Emotional vi
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Table 16.10 Spousal violence by hus
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16.14 Physical Violence by Women ag
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16.15 HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF WOME
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16.17 SOCIAL NORMS AND VALUES The f
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REFERENCES Acharya, M. 2010. Effort
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Ministry of Health (MOH) [Timor-Les
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World Health Organization (WHO), Wo
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256 | Appendix A during the populat
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A.5 SURVEY RESULTS 258 | Appendix A
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ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS Append
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Table B.1 List of selected variable
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Table B.3 Sampling errors for Urban
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Table B.5 Sampling errors for Aileu
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Table B.7 Sampling errors for Bauca
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Table B.9 Sampling errors for Coval
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Table B.11 Sampling errors for Erme
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Table B.13 Sampling errors for Liqu
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Table B.15 Sampling errors for Manu
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Table B.17 Sampling errors for Viqu
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282 | Appendix C Table C.2.1 Age di
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284 | Appendix C Table C.5 Reportin
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286 | Appendix C Table C.7 Nutritio
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PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE 2009-10 TIM
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Martinho da Costa Cesaltina Falcao
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QUESTIONNAIRES Appendix E Appendix
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296 | Appendix E Introduction and C
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IF AGE 15 IF AGE 0-17 YEARS IF AGE
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300 | Appendix E HOUSEHOLD CHARACTE
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302 | Appendix E NO. QUESTIONS AND
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306 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND
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308 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT, AN
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310 | Appendix E
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312 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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314 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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212 316 | Appendix E 213 214 215 21
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326 | Appendix E LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO
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350 | Appendix E LAST SEXUAL PARTNE
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352 | Appendix E SECTION 7. FERTILI
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356 | Appendix E SECTION 8. HUSBAND
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362 | Appendix E SECTION 10. OTHER
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364 | Appendix E SECTION 11. MATERN
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366 | Appendix E SECTION 12. DOMEST
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372 | Appendix E INSTRUCTIONS: 2 04
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374 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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376 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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378 | Appendix E SECTION 3. CONTRAC
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380 | Appendix E 311 Where is that?
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386 | Appendix E SECTION 5. FERTILI
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388 | Appendix E SECTION 6. EMPLOYM
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390 | Appendix E SECTION 7. HIV/AID
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