Demographic and Health Survey 2009-10 - Timor-Leste Ministry of ...

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62 | Family Planning Knowledge of a modern method rises from 70 percent among currently married women age 15-19 to a peak at 83 percent among those age 30-34 and then declines to 67 percent among the oldest cohort of women. Currently married women in urban areas (88 percent) are more likely to have heard about a modern method of family planning than rural women (74 percent), perhaps reflecting the wider availability and easier access to methods in urban than in rural areas as well as better penetration of mass media and higher literacy in urban areas. Knowledge of a modern method varies widely by district and ranges from a low of 56 percent of currently married women in Baucau to a high of 96 percent in Covalima. Knowledge rises with level of education, from 66 percent among women with no education to 97 percent among women with more than secondary education. Similarly, there is a direct relationship between knowledge and wealth quintile, with knowledge rising from 65 percent of currently married women in the poorest households to 92 percent of women in the richest households. Currently married men exhibit a similar pattern in knowledge by background characteristics, with the exception of knowledge by district, where men in Ermera are least likely to know of a modern method (18 percent) in contrast with men in Manatuto who have universal knowledge of contraceptives. 5.3 EVER USE OF CONTRACEPTION Data on ever use of contraception has special significance because it reveals the cumulative success of programs promoting the use of family planning among couples. Ever use refers to use of a method at any time, with no distinction between past and present use. In the 2009-10 TLDHS, respondents who had heard of a method of family planning were asked if they had ever used a method. Table 5.3.1 shows the percentage of all women and currently married women who have ever used family planning by specific method and age. Thirty-two percent of currently married women have ever used a method of contraception, and 30 percent have ever used a modern method. Among currently married women, nearly one in four has ever used injectables, making it the most commonly used modern method. Four percent of currently married women have used the pill, and 2 percent each have used the IUD or implants. About 3 percent of currently married women report having used traditional methods. Ever use of contraception varies with women’s age. The pattern of ever use is curvilinear, with use being lowest among women in the youngest age group (15-19), increasing with age, and reaching a plateau among women in their thirties before declining thereafter. The level of ever-use of any modern method among currently married women rises to a high of 35 percent among those age 30-39 and then declines to 24 percent among women age 45-49. Ever-use among all women follows a similar pattern. The 2009-10 TLDHS collected information on ever use of contraception for men but with respect to five male methods only: male sterilization, condoms, standard days method, rhythm method, and withdrawal. As evident in Table 5.3.2, fewer than one in ten currently married men age 15-49 (9 percent) has ever used a method, with most having used a modern method (6 percent). Everuse is highest among sexually active unmarried men, with nearly one in two men having ever used a method. Among currently married men, the condom is the most commonly used method (3 percent), and they are much more likely to report ever-use of condoms than women. Two percent of currently married men reported having used the standard days method. There is no clear pattern between everuse and age among men. Ever-use of a modern method declines from 7 percent among currently married men age 20-24 to a plateau around 6 percent among those age 25-44, and then decreases to 3 percent among the oldest cohort. Five percent of currently married men report having used a traditional method, with withdrawal twice as likely to have been used as the rhythm method.
Table 5.3.1 Ever use of contraception: Women Percentage of all women and of currently married women age 15-49 who have ever used any contraceptive method by method, according to age, Timor-Leste 2009-10 Modern method Traditional method Emer- Any Any Female Male gency Standard tradi- Number Any modern sterilisteriliInject- Male Female contra- days tionalWith- Folk of Age method method zationzation Pill IUD ables Implants condom condom LAM ception method method Rhythm drawal method women ALL WOMEN 15-19 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 3,144 20-24 9.8 9.1 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.1 7.5 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.1 2,343 25-29 26.7 25.9 0.1 0.0 3.1 1.0 22.2 0.9 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.5 1.4 0.6 0.5 0.4 1,897 30-34 33.2 31.5 0.8 0.1 3.9 2.5 24.8 1.3 1.2 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.6 2.6 1.3 1.0 0.4 1,534 35-39 33.8 32.4 1.0 0.0 4.3 1.9 26.4 1.5 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.8 2.3 1.5 0.5 0.5 1,684 40-44 32.8 30.5 0.8 0.1 4.8 2.3 23.0 2.1 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.0 1.1 3.7 1.9 1.0 1.3 1,388 45-49 23.3 22.0 2.0 0.0 2.5 1.0 16.1 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.5 2.0 0.9 0.5 0.8 1,146 Total 19.5 18.5 0.5 0.0 2.4 1.0 14.8 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 1.5 0.8 0.5 0.4 13,137 CURRENTLY MARRIED WOMEN 15-19 8.9 7.9 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.0 6.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 243 20-24 20.5 19.0 0.0 0.0 2.9 0.3 15.7 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.4 1.7 0.8 0.7 0.2 1,100 25-29 32.8 31.8 0.1 0.0 3.7 1.2 27.2 1.1 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.7 1.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 1,516 30-34 37.1 35.3 0.9 0.1 4.4 2.9 27.7 1.5 1.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.7 3.0 1.5 1.2 0.5 1,362 35-39 36.9 35.4 1.1 0.0 4.8 2.0 28.7 1.6 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.9 2.6 1.7 0.6 0.6 1,514 40-44 35.8 33.6 0.9 0.1 5.3 2.5 25.1 2.3 0.5 0.0 0.6 0.0 1.3 3.7 1.8 1.0 1.5 1,211 45-49 25.6 24.3 2.2 0.0 2.8 1.2 17.8 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.6 2.2 0.9 0.6 1.0 960 Total 31.5 29.9 0.8 0.0 4.0 1.7 23.9 1.5 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.7 2.5 1.2 0.8 0.7 7,906 LAM = Lactational amenorrhea method Family Planning | 63 Family Planning | 63
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Timor-Leste Demographic and Health
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CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES .......
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CHAPTER 7 FERTILITY PREFERENCES 7.1
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14.8 HIV/AIDS-related Knowledge and
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x | Tables and Figures CHAPTER 4 FE
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xii | Tables and Figures Table 11.4
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xiv | Tables and Figures Table 16.4
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FOREWORD The 2009-10 Timor-Leste De
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CONTRIBUTORS TO THE REPORT Elias do
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about three children more than wome
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Postnatal Care. The majority of wom
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However, the level of chronic energ
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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL INDICAT
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INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 HISTORY, GEOGRAP
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The government of Timor-Leste has l
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1.5 ORGANIZATION OF THE SURVEY The
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1.8 HEMOGLOBIN TESTING In one-third
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In these households, 13,796 women w
Page 44 and 45: Table 2.1 Household population by a
Page 46 and 47: The percentage of children not livi
Page 48 and 49: The Early Childhood Care and Educat
Page 50 and 51: Table 2.4.2 Educational attainment
Page 52 and 53: The GAR at the primary school level
Page 54 and 55: ate (2 percent) than their rural co
Page 56 and 57: water. Thirty-six percent of househ
Page 58 and 59: The type of flooring material used
Page 60 and 61: Table 2.11 Wealth quintiles Percent
Page 63 and 64: CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS 3 Th
Page 65 and 66: Table 3.2.1 Educational attainment:
Page 67 and 68: Table 3.3.1 Literacy: Women Percent
Page 69 and 70: Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
Page 71 and 72: Table 3.5.1 Employment status: Wome
Page 73 and 74: 3.4.2 Occupation Respondents who we
Page 75 and 76: 3.4.3 Earnings, Employers, and Cont
Page 77 and 78: Tables 3.8.1 and 3.8.2 show the per
Page 79 and 80: Table 3.9.1 Use of tobacco: Women P
Page 81 and 82: FERTILITY 4 One of the major object
Page 83 and 84: Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
Page 85 and 86: calculated in the 2003 DHS follows
Page 87 and 88: of primary sterility. In Timor-Lest
Page 89 and 90: Table 4.8 Median age at first birth
Page 91 and 92: FAMILY PLANNING 5 In 2002, the Coun
Page 93: According to the 2003 DHS, knowledg
Page 97 and 98: Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
Page 99 and 100: Table 5.5 Current use of contracept
Page 101 and 102: Use increases with parity but with
Page 103 and 104: Female and male sterilizations are
Page 105 and 106: Table 5.10 Future use of contracept
Page 107 and 108: Table 5.13 Exposure to family plann
Page 109: Table 5.15 Husband/partner’s know
Page 112 and 113: 6.2 POLYGYNY Polygyny (the practice
Page 114 and 115: 20.9 years. Although the proportion
Page 116 and 117: 84 | Other Proximate Determinants o
Page 118 and 119: Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 120 and 121: There is little difference in the p
Page 122 and 123: 2 percent among women age 30-34 to
Page 124 and 125: 92 | Fertility Preferences Table 7.
Page 126 and 127: 94 | Fertility Preferences 7.3 NEED
Page 128 and 129: 96 | Fertility Preferences an idea
Page 130 and 131: 98 | Fertility Preferences The perc
Page 132 and 133: with their death, or they may live
Page 134 and 135: 100 80 60 40 20 102 | Infant and Ch
Page 136 and 137: 104 | Infant and Child Mortality Ta
Page 138 and 139: 8.7 HIGH-RISK FERTILITY BEHAVIOR Th
Page 141 and 142: ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY 9 The
Page 143 and 144: 9.2 ADULT MORTALITY Table 9.3 Sibsh
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MATERNAL HEALTH 10 Making Pregnancy
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among women in the lowest wealth qu
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A much lower percentage of Timorese
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Table 10.5 Knowledge of danger sign
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10.6.2 Assistance during Delivery O
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Table 10.8 Knowledge of danger sign
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Table 10.10 Application of material
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Table 10.12 Timing of first postnat
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Where health services are present,
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CHILD HEALTH 11 This chapter presen
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In the TLDHS, information on vaccin
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Boys (54 percent) are somewhat more
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The data indicate that two percent
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11.6 DIARRHEAL DISEASE Dehydration
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Table 11.8 Diarrhea treatment Among
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Ten percent of children with diarrh
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There are marked differences in the
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international reference population
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80 Percent 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 150
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60 50 40 30 20 10 152 | Nutrition o
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Table 12.2 shows the percentages of
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100 Percent 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20
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Table 12.5 Foods and liquids consum
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Table 12.6 Infant and young child f
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Table 12.7 shows the percentage of
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the most recent distribution preced
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Table 12.10 Nutritional status of w
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Table 12.12 shows data on micronutr
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12.12 PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN WOMEN
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MALARIA 13 Malaria remains a leadin
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13.1.2 Use of Mosquito Nets by Chil
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Tables 13.3 and 13.4 show the perce
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The highest prevalence of fever is
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HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUD
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percent of women and 61 percent of
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person who has AIDS or by sharing c
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Comprehensive knowledge about AIDS
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HIV or AIDS on all four indicators
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Table 14.6 Payment for sexual inter
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14.5 MALE CIRCUMCISION Male circumc
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In the 2009-10 TLDHS, women and men
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100 Percent 80 60 40 20 0 64 Total
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14.8.2 Age at First Sex and Condom
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To assess the extent of condom use
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WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND DEMOGRAPH
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Table 15.2.1 Control over women’s
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Table 15.2.2 Control over men's cas
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Table 15.4.1 Women’s participatio
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Table 15.5.1 Women’s participatio
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15.5 ATTITUDES TOWARD WIFE BEATING
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Table 15.6.2 Attitude toward wife b
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Table 15.7.1 Attitude toward refusi
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Women’s empowerment is closely as
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Table 15.8 Indicators of women’s
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pathways: its negative association
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DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 16 In the words o
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partner] hit, slapped, kicked, or d
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Table 16.1 Experience of physical v
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Among women who have never been mar
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who experienced sexual violence fir
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Domestic violence is not limited to
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Table 16.8 Forms of spousal violenc
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Table 16.9—Continued Emotional vi
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Table 16.10 Spousal violence by hus
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16.14 Physical Violence by Women ag
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16.15 HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF WOME
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16.17 SOCIAL NORMS AND VALUES The f
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REFERENCES Acharya, M. 2010. Effort
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Ministry of Health (MOH) [Timor-Les
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World Health Organization (WHO), Wo
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256 | Appendix A during the populat
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A.5 SURVEY RESULTS 258 | Appendix A
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ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS Append
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Table B.1 List of selected variable
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Table B.3 Sampling errors for Urban
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Table B.5 Sampling errors for Aileu
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Table B.7 Sampling errors for Bauca
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Table B.9 Sampling errors for Coval
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Table B.11 Sampling errors for Erme
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Table B.13 Sampling errors for Liqu
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Table B.15 Sampling errors for Manu
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Table B.17 Sampling errors for Viqu
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282 | Appendix C Table C.2.1 Age di
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284 | Appendix C Table C.5 Reportin
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286 | Appendix C Table C.7 Nutritio
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PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE 2009-10 TIM
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Martinho da Costa Cesaltina Falcao
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QUESTIONNAIRES Appendix E Appendix
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296 | Appendix E Introduction and C
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IF AGE 15 IF AGE 0-17 YEARS IF AGE
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300 | Appendix E HOUSEHOLD CHARACTE
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302 | Appendix E NO. QUESTIONS AND
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306 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND
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308 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT, AN
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310 | Appendix E
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312 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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314 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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212 316 | Appendix E 213 214 215 21
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326 | Appendix E LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO
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350 | Appendix E LAST SEXUAL PARTNE
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352 | Appendix E SECTION 7. FERTILI
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356 | Appendix E SECTION 8. HUSBAND
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362 | Appendix E SECTION 10. OTHER
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364 | Appendix E SECTION 11. MATERN
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366 | Appendix E SECTION 12. DOMEST
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372 | Appendix E INSTRUCTIONS: 2 04
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374 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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376 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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378 | Appendix E SECTION 3. CONTRAC
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380 | Appendix E 311 Where is that?
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386 | Appendix E SECTION 5. FERTILI
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388 | Appendix E SECTION 6. EMPLOYM
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390 | Appendix E SECTION 7. HIV/AID
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