Demographic and Health Survey 2009-10 - Timor-Leste Ministry of ...

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Table 14.3.2 Comprehensive knowledge about AIDS: Men Percentage of men age 15-49 who say that a healthy-looking person can have the AIDS virus and who, in response to prompted questions, correctly reject local misconceptions about AIDS transmission or prevention, and the percentage with a comprehensive knowledge about AIDS, by background characteristics, Timor-Leste 2009-10 Background characteristic A healthylooking person can have the AIDS virus 186 | HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Percentage of respondents who say that: Percentage who say that AIDS cannot be transmitted by mosquito bites A person cannot become infected by sharing food with a person who has AIDS AIDS cannot be transmitted by sharing clothes with a person who has AIDS a healthy looking person can have the AIDS virus and who reject the two most common local misconceptions 1 Percentage with a comprehensive knowledge about AIDS 2 Number of men Age 15-24 45.3 43.0 41.8 44.1 28.4 19.7 1,636 15-19 38.1 38.0 37.8 40.8 23.7 14.7 994 20-24 56.3 50.7 47.8 49.3 35.6 27.4 643 25-29 57.2 48.2 51.5 52.2 33.9 23.7 586 30-39 47.7 43.7 43.6 44.8 30.3 21.7 992 40-49 Marital status 36.3 33.3 34.4 34.9 22.7 16.4 861 Never married 46.7 44.0 43.4 45.6 29.1 20.8 1,865 Ever had sex 63.2 56.7 54.9 57.2 36.3 33.1 540 Never had sex 40.0 38.8 38.7 40.9 26.2 15.8 1,325 Married/living together Divorced/separated/ 45.3 40.3 41.2 42.0 28.0 19.6 2,158 widowed Residence 23.8 33.4 28.0 29.3 19.4 10.5 53 Urban 65.1 58.4 64.7 65.3 41.5 34.2 1,102 Rural District 38.5 35.8 33.7 35.4 23.6 14.8 2,974 Aileu 43.9 20.4 23.6 23.3 16.9 14.9 181 Ainaro 36.6 35.8 32.1 33.2 30.8 5.7 217 Baucau 60.4 56.3 53.5 54.5 50.3 6.1 415 Bobonaro 41.5 44.8 44.7 45.1 31.1 26.4 357 Covalima 11.5 44.8 49.1 55.4 6.2 5.8 236 Dili 73.3 65.3 73.3 74.4 47.2 40.4 797 Ermera 18.5 12.6 3.4 6.4 2.4 1.9 491 Lautem 36.6 32.2 41.5 43.8 19.4 18.9 308 Liquiçá 42.2 34.5 31.6 34.8 23.5 22.0 252 Manatuto 98.3 90.0 57.2 72.0 56.1 55.5 190 Manufahi 44.2 42.8 44.2 43.8 42.4 42.4 137 Oecussi 41.9 14.0 27.1 15.4 10.7 5.4 235 Viqueque Education 14.5 24.0 24.2 23.4 11.7 9.0 260 No education 14.9 11.9 10.4 10.4 4.8 2.6 791 Primary 30.4 26.5 25.9 27.6 14.9 9.6 1,046 Secondary 61.4 57.3 58.2 60.0 41.0 28.3 2,009 More than secondary Wealth quintile 83.2 80.0 82.9 85.5 61.6 55.3 230 Lowest 22.2 22.6 22.8 22.4 13.2 8.6 728 Second 32.6 29.1 27.8 29.9 18.4 9.9 781 Middle 40.0 36.3 34.8 37.2 24.3 16.3 786 Fourth 51.9 46.9 47.3 49.3 30.5 20.9 849 Highest 74.1 67.8 70.4 71.3 50.3 39.7 932 Total 15-49 45.7 41.9 42.0 43.5 28.4 20.0 4,076 1 Two most common local misconceptions: AIDS can be transmitted by mosquito bites and by sharing food with a person with HIV 2 Comprehensive knowledge means knowing that consistent use of condom during sexual intercourse and having just one uninfected faithful partner can reduce the chance of getting the AIDS virus, knowing that a healthy-looking person can have the AIDS virus, and rejecting the two most common local misconceptions about AIDS transmission or prevention. Tables 14.3.1 and 14.3.2 also provide an assessment of the level of comprehensive knowledge of HIV prevention and transmission. Comprehensive knowledge is defined as knowing that both consistent condom use and limiting sexual partners to one uninfected person are HIV prevention methods; being aware that a healthy-looking person can have HIV; and rejecting the two most common local misconceptions—that HIV can be transmitted by mosquito bites or by sharing food with someone who has AIDS. According to the 2009-10 TLDHS results, 11 percent of women and 20 percent of men age 15-49 in Timor-Leste have comprehensive knowledge about AIDS. Tables 14.3.1 and 14.3.2 document considerable variation in comprehensive knowledge by respondents’ background characteristics. Comprehensive knowledge about AIDS decreases with age among both women and men. Comprehensive knowledge is higher among never-married women and men than among ever-married women and men.
Comprehensive knowledge about AIDS is also higher among urban than rural residents, presumably because of better access to information through the mass media in urban than in rural areas. Comprehensive knowledge is positively related to education and wealth, increasing from 4 percent and 3 percent among women and men with no education, to 34 percent and 55 percent among women and men with more than secondary education. A similar pattern is observed with regard to comprehensive knowledge and wealth for both women and men. 14.2 ATTITUDES TOWARD PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS Knowledge and beliefs about HIV infection affect how people treat those they know to be living with HIV or AIDS. In the 2009-10 TLDHS, a number of questions were posed to respondents to measure their attitudes towards people living with HIV or AIDS (PLHA), including questions about their willingness to buy vegetables from an infected shopkeeper, to let others know the HIV status of family members, and to take care of relatives who have HIV in their own household. They were also asked whether an HIV-positive female teacher who is not sick should be allowed to continue teaching. Tables 14.4.1 and 14.4.2 show the percentages who express positive attitudes towards people living with HIV among women and men who have heard about the virus, by background characteristics. Table 14.4.1 Accepting attitudes toward those living with HIV/AIDS: Women Among women age 15-49 who have heard of AIDS, percentage expressing specific accepting attitudes toward people with AIDS, by background characteristics, Timor-Leste 2009-10 Percentage of women who: Say that a female Are willing to care teacher with the Would not want to Percentage for a family Would buy fresh AIDS virus and is keep secret that a expressing member with the vegetables from not sick should be family member got acceptance Number of women Background AIDS virus in the shopkeeper who allowed to infected with the attitudes on all who have heard of characteristic Age respondent’s home has the AIDS virus continue teaching AIDS virus four indicators AIDS 15-24 54.7 35.1 45.9 82.5 10.8 2,929 15-19 53.2 34.5 44.9 81.0 9.8 1,629 20-24 56.5 35.8 47.2 84.3 12.0 1,299 25-29 56.4 35.0 45.3 84.7 10.3 900 30-39 56.0 33.1 42.7 85.7 12.2 1,229 40-49 Marital status 53.0 31.7 38.3 87.6 11.4 690 Never married 54.3 35.2 45.1 82.5 10.6 2,634 Ever had sex * * * * * 24 Never had sex 54.4 35.4 45.3 82.5 10.7 2,610 Married/living together Divorced/separated/ 55.4 33.0 43.6 85.8 11.4 2,952 widowed Residence 59.2 40.6 41.5 79.7 12.4 162 Urban 60.1 36.4 45.3 83.9 13.7 2,410 Rural District 51.4 32.6 43.4 84.3 9.2 3,338 Aileu 56.7 38.9 56.0 94.7 16.6 201 Ainaro 68.8 21.6 45.8 76.1 4.0 178 Baucau 25.1 27.2 17.0 94.1 0.2 765 Bobonaro 45.1 48.7 42.7 68.6 9.0 499 Covalima 80.5 41.9 53.7 91.7 15.1 379 Dili 59.9 36.4 41.9 82.7 13.6 1,965 Ermera 48.4 17.0 14.6 89.5 0.5 212 Lautem 53.8 19.4 65.3 67.3 8.5 313 Liquiçá 59.1 40.0 55.6 79.1 15.3 272 Manatuto 61.9 18.9 69.6 89.1 6.9 314 Manufahi 28.7 39.6 49.8 84.5 7.2 171 Oecussi 71.0 36.6 44.2 89.6 19.6 244 Viqueque Education 75.7 44.4 76.5 92.1 31.1 236 No education 42.5 29.0 33.5 84.6 9.8 493 Primary 54.2 32.1 39.3 83.0 10.7 806 Secondary 55.8 34.6 46.2 83.7 10.7 4,013 More than secondary Wealth quintile 63.7 40.5 47.1 89.3 16.6 436 Lowest 51.0 27.2 41.3 86.0 8.4 465 Second 42.1 26.5 38.7 86.8 7.7 648 Middle 55.5 36.8 44.6 80.9 9.8 897 Fourth 55.2 35.3 46.2 83.2 11.4 1,314 Highest 58.9 36.1 45.1 84.7 12.8 2,425 Total 15-49 55.0 34.2 44.2 84.1 11.1 5,748 Note: An asterisk indicates that a figure is based on fewer than 25 unweighted cases and has been suppressed. HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior | 187
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Timor-Leste Demographic and Health
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CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES .......
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CHAPTER 7 FERTILITY PREFERENCES 7.1
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14.8 HIV/AIDS-related Knowledge and
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x | Tables and Figures CHAPTER 4 FE
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xii | Tables and Figures Table 11.4
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xiv | Tables and Figures Table 16.4
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FOREWORD The 2009-10 Timor-Leste De
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CONTRIBUTORS TO THE REPORT Elias do
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about three children more than wome
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Postnatal Care. The majority of wom
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However, the level of chronic energ
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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL INDICAT
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INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 HISTORY, GEOGRAP
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The government of Timor-Leste has l
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1.5 ORGANIZATION OF THE SURVEY The
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1.8 HEMOGLOBIN TESTING In one-third
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In these households, 13,796 women w
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Table 2.1 Household population by a
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The percentage of children not livi
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The Early Childhood Care and Educat
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Table 2.4.2 Educational attainment
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The GAR at the primary school level
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ate (2 percent) than their rural co
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water. Thirty-six percent of househ
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The type of flooring material used
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Table 2.11 Wealth quintiles Percent
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS 3 Th
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Table 3.2.1 Educational attainment:
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Table 3.3.1 Literacy: Women Percent
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Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
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Table 3.5.1 Employment status: Wome
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3.4.2 Occupation Respondents who we
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3.4.3 Earnings, Employers, and Cont
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Tables 3.8.1 and 3.8.2 show the per
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Table 3.9.1 Use of tobacco: Women P
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FERTILITY 4 One of the major object
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Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
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calculated in the 2003 DHS follows
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of primary sterility. In Timor-Lest
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Table 4.8 Median age at first birth
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FAMILY PLANNING 5 In 2002, the Coun
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According to the 2003 DHS, knowledg
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Table 5.3.1 Ever use of contracepti
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Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.5 Current use of contracept
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Use increases with parity but with
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Female and male sterilizations are
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Table 5.10 Future use of contracept
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Table 5.13 Exposure to family plann
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Table 5.15 Husband/partner’s know
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6.2 POLYGYNY Polygyny (the practice
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20.9 years. Although the proportion
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84 | Other Proximate Determinants o
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Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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There is little difference in the p
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2 percent among women age 30-34 to
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92 | Fertility Preferences Table 7.
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94 | Fertility Preferences 7.3 NEED
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96 | Fertility Preferences an idea
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98 | Fertility Preferences The perc
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with their death, or they may live
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100 80 60 40 20 102 | Infant and Ch
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104 | Infant and Child Mortality Ta
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8.7 HIGH-RISK FERTILITY BEHAVIOR Th
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ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY 9 The
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9.2 ADULT MORTALITY Table 9.3 Sibsh
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MATERNAL HEALTH 10 Making Pregnancy
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among women in the lowest wealth qu
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A much lower percentage of Timorese
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Table 10.5 Knowledge of danger sign
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10.6.2 Assistance during Delivery O
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Table 10.8 Knowledge of danger sign
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Table 10.10 Application of material
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Table 10.12 Timing of first postnat
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Where health services are present,
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CHILD HEALTH 11 This chapter presen
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In the TLDHS, information on vaccin
Page 167 and 168: Boys (54 percent) are somewhat more
Page 169 and 170: The data indicate that two percent
Page 171 and 172: 11.6 DIARRHEAL DISEASE Dehydration
Page 173 and 174: Table 11.8 Diarrhea treatment Among
Page 175 and 176: Ten percent of children with diarrh
Page 177: There are marked differences in the
Page 180 and 181: international reference population
Page 182 and 183: 80 Percent 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 150
Page 184 and 185: 60 50 40 30 20 10 152 | Nutrition o
Page 186 and 187: Table 12.2 shows the percentages of
Page 188 and 189: 100 Percent 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20
Page 190 and 191: Table 12.5 Foods and liquids consum
Page 192 and 193: Table 12.6 Infant and young child f
Page 194 and 195: Table 12.7 shows the percentage of
Page 196 and 197: the most recent distribution preced
Page 198 and 199: Table 12.10 Nutritional status of w
Page 200 and 201: Table 12.12 shows data on micronutr
Page 202 and 203: 12.12 PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN WOMEN
Page 205 and 206: MALARIA 13 Malaria remains a leadin
Page 207 and 208: 13.1.2 Use of Mosquito Nets by Chil
Page 209 and 210: Tables 13.3 and 13.4 show the perce
Page 211 and 212: The highest prevalence of fever is
Page 213 and 214: HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUD
Page 215 and 216: percent of women and 61 percent of
Page 217: person who has AIDS or by sharing c
Page 221 and 222: HIV or AIDS on all four indicators
Page 223 and 224: Table 14.6 Payment for sexual inter
Page 225 and 226: 14.5 MALE CIRCUMCISION Male circumc
Page 227 and 228: In the 2009-10 TLDHS, women and men
Page 229 and 230: 100 Percent 80 60 40 20 0 64 Total
Page 231 and 232: 14.8.2 Age at First Sex and Condom
Page 233 and 234: To assess the extent of condom use
Page 235 and 236: WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND DEMOGRAPH
Page 237 and 238: Table 15.2.1 Control over women’s
Page 239 and 240: Table 15.2.2 Control over men's cas
Page 241 and 242: Table 15.4.1 Women’s participatio
Page 243 and 244: Table 15.5.1 Women’s participatio
Page 245 and 246: 15.5 ATTITUDES TOWARD WIFE BEATING
Page 247 and 248: Table 15.6.2 Attitude toward wife b
Page 249 and 250: Table 15.7.1 Attitude toward refusi
Page 251 and 252: Women’s empowerment is closely as
Page 253 and 254: Table 15.8 Indicators of women’s
Page 255 and 256: pathways: its negative association
Page 257 and 258: DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 16 In the words o
Page 259 and 260: partner] hit, slapped, kicked, or d
Page 261 and 262: Table 16.1 Experience of physical v
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Page 267 and 268: Domestic violence is not limited to
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Table 16.8 Forms of spousal violenc
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Table 16.9—Continued Emotional vi
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Table 16.10 Spousal violence by hus
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16.14 Physical Violence by Women ag
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16.15 HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF WOME
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16.17 SOCIAL NORMS AND VALUES The f
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REFERENCES Acharya, M. 2010. Effort
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Ministry of Health (MOH) [Timor-Les
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World Health Organization (WHO), Wo
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256 | Appendix A during the populat
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A.5 SURVEY RESULTS 258 | Appendix A
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ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS Append
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Table B.1 List of selected variable
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Table B.3 Sampling errors for Urban
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Table B.5 Sampling errors for Aileu
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Table B.7 Sampling errors for Bauca
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Table B.9 Sampling errors for Coval
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Table B.11 Sampling errors for Erme
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Table B.13 Sampling errors for Liqu
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Table B.15 Sampling errors for Manu
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Table B.17 Sampling errors for Viqu
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282 | Appendix C Table C.2.1 Age di
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284 | Appendix C Table C.5 Reportin
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286 | Appendix C Table C.7 Nutritio
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PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE 2009-10 TIM
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Martinho da Costa Cesaltina Falcao
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QUESTIONNAIRES Appendix E Appendix
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296 | Appendix E Introduction and C
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IF AGE 15 IF AGE 0-17 YEARS IF AGE
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300 | Appendix E HOUSEHOLD CHARACTE
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302 | Appendix E NO. QUESTIONS AND
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306 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND
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308 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT, AN
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310 | Appendix E
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312 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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314 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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212 316 | Appendix E 213 214 215 21
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326 | Appendix E LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO
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350 | Appendix E LAST SEXUAL PARTNE
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352 | Appendix E SECTION 7. FERTILI
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356 | Appendix E SECTION 8. HUSBAND
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362 | Appendix E SECTION 10. OTHER
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364 | Appendix E SECTION 11. MATERN
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366 | Appendix E SECTION 12. DOMEST
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372 | Appendix E INSTRUCTIONS: 2 04
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374 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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376 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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378 | Appendix E SECTION 3. CONTRAC
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380 | Appendix E 311 Where is that?
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386 | Appendix E SECTION 5. FERTILI
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388 | Appendix E SECTION 6. EMPLOYM
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390 | Appendix E SECTION 7. HIV/AID
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