Demographic and Health Survey 2009-10 - Timor-Leste Ministry of ...

Table 12.11 Foods consumed by mothers in the day or night preceding the interview
Among mothers age 15-49 with a child under age 3 living with them, the percentage who consumed specific types of foods in the day or night preceding the interview, by
background characteristics, Timor-Leste 2009-10
Background
characteristic
Milk
Liquids Solid or semi-solid foods
Tea/
coffee
Other
liquids
Foods
made
from
grains
Foods
made
from
roots/
tubers
Foods
made
from
legumes
Meat/
fish/
shellfish/
poultry/
eggs
Cheese/
yogurt
Vitamin
A-rich
fruits/
vegetables
1
Other
fruits/
vegetables
Other
solid or
semisolid
food
Foods
made
with oil/
fat/butter
Age
15-19 5.1 77.2 11.3 95.7 41.3 18.3 42.0 2.9 81.9 39.3 52.1 37.6 19.8 164
20-29 4.9 81.0 16.9 92.0 49.6 19.9 55.5 6.6 88.9 36.9 49.8 51.5 23.9 2,131
30-39 5.4 84.0 15.3 93.3 50.0 21.1 53.2 7.4 88.3 35.2 50.3 49.6 23.3 1,811
40-49
Residence
4.8 84.4 15.5 89.4 51.8 19.4 44.8 3.9 84.0 35.0 52.1 51.1 20.6 585
Urban 9.4 84.7 24.9 92.4 48.3 31.0 73.7 15.4 94.0 41.6 47.5 56.3 33.1 1,134
Rural
District
3.7 81.7 13.1 92.3 50.2 16.8 46.1 3.6 85.9 34.3 51.3 48.3 19.9 3,557
Aileu 5.4 92.7 23.0 81.6 54.6 21.5 37.7 9.3 93.1 31.2 31.6 45.5 13.2 168
Ainaro 4.4 90.9 6.3 84.8 57.9 23.1 26.3 4.8 96.5 34.4 65.2 46.0 7.7 266
Baucau 5.5 79.7 7.4 95.1 68.2 6.7 59.8 1.5 89.0 27.7 37.6 55.0 7.5 466
Bobonaro 3.2 64.7 24.7 92.4 35.4 23.7 49.8 4.8 86.5 31.7 60.6 18.3 23.4 458
Covalima 2.2 79.4 4.0 96.6 20.0 6.7 42.2 0.9 74.2 9.6 35.7 29.1 9.4 218
Dili 8.9 86.3 30.5 91.5 45.5 33.5 83.3 21.4 96.0 40.4 49.3 65.3 44.6 785
Ermera 1.6 88.2 16.0 92.1 60.6 13.2 35.1 3.0 78.6 28.5 29.7 66.0 32.6 585
Lautem 6.9 78.2 10.6 90.4 34.0 15.6 51.2 2.0 80.7 29.2 60.4 27.8 5.9 370
Liquiçá 4.1 85.8 17.9 96.6 76.3 41.9 56.0 7.9 96.6 46.3 80.3 80.7 51.5 271
Manatuto 7.1 89.4 10.1 92.2 64.9 25.1 67.2 8.0 95.1 69.5 83.7 67.1 50.3 211
Manufahi 14.8 89.9 11.5 97.5 83.6 10.2 80.0 2.0 98.5 44.9 39.1 0.6 6.4 186
Oecussi 2.6 84.7 9.1 93.6 14.5 22.5 38.3 0.9 72.8 31.3 84.7 64.5 7.8 391
Viqueque
Education
2.1 71.3 11.3 93.1 54.0 8.2 33.1 1.3 92.6 58.0 7.7 44.0 9.0 318
No education 2.9 83.6 14.0 90.4 53.3 18.9 42.0 4.1 85.4 32.9 52.1 48.3 19.7 1,505
Primary 3.7 82.2 13.7 93.0 44.6 21.0 48.6 4.5 86.7 35.0 51.4 48.1 20.2 1,298
Secondary 7.3 82.5 18.1 93.3 49.6 21.0 62.6 8.2 90.2 39.5 48.5 53.0 27.0 1,769
More than secondary
Wealth quintile
16.8 69.8 32.5 93.2 62.6 17.8 89.1 30.5 96.7 37.6 43.8 57.7 40.1 118
Lowest 1.9 81.7 11.8 90.8 49.0 16.2 37.5 1.9 82.0 31.5 56.1 43.8 13.3 1,001
Second 2.4 80.9 11.3 91.3 50.7 14.8 38.4 2.8 85.8 33.7 46.2 47.3 17.6 928
Middle 4.0 84.3 12.5 93.0 52.8 20.8 49.3 3.3 88.2 35.0 49.5 47.4 20.7 950
Fourth 6.7 81.6 16.2 92.4 46.5 21.7 60.3 8.0 89.9 37.8 52.4 49.7 27.0 900
Highest 11.1 83.7 28.5 94.2 49.6 28.1 80.5 16.7 93.9 43.0 47.3 63.8 38.1 912
Total 5.1 82.4 15.9 92.3 49.7 20.2 52.8 6.4 87.8 36.1 50.4 50.2 23.1 4,691
Note: Foods consumed in the last “24-hour” period (yesterday and last night).
1 Includes pumpkin, squash, carrots, sweet potatoes, green leafy vegetables, mangoes, and papayas
made from legumes, and 88 percent of mothers eat vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables. More than
one in two (53 percent) mothers eat meat, fish, shellfish, poultry, and eggs, and 36 percent eat other
fruits and vegetables. Smaller proportions of mothers consume cheese/yogurt or milk (6 percent and 5
percent, respectively), and 50 percent eat foods made with oil, fat, or butter. Eighty-two percent of
mothers drink tea or coffee, and 23 percent eat sugary foods.
12.11 MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE AMONG MOTHERS
Micronutrient deficiencies are a result of inadequate intake of micronutrient-rich foods and
the inadequate utilization of available micronutrients in the diet as a result of infections, parasitic
infestations, and other factors. Measures of micronutrient fortification, micronutrient supplementation
with iron and vitamin A, consumption of vitamin A-rich and iron-rich foods, and micronutrient status
in terms of anemia and night blindness are discussed in this section.
A mother’s nutritional status during pregnancy is important both for the child’s intrauterine
development and for protection against maternal morbidity and mortality. Night blindness is an
indicator of severe vitamin A deficiency, and pregnant women are especially prone to experience it.
This section discusses women’s micronutrient intake, both in terms of food and supplementation.
Sugary
foods
Number
of
mothers
Nutrition of Children and Women | 167