Demographic and Health Survey 2009-10 - Timor-Leste Ministry of ...

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Women’s perception of how much they earn vis-à-vis their husband could also impact how empowered they feel. Thirty-five percent of women believe that they earn less than their husband, 27 percent believe that they earn as much as their husband, and 26 percent believe that they earn more. Women age 20-24, women with any education, women with fewer children, women in the highest wealth quintile, and urban women are more likely than their counterparts to report that they believe that they earn more than their husbands. 15.3 CONTROL OVER MEN’S CASH EARNINGS Currently married men age 15-49 who receive cash earnings and currently married women age 15-49 whose husbands receive cash earnings were asked who decides how the husband’s cash earnings are spent. Table 15.2.2 shows that 22 percent of men and 26 percent of women say that the wife mainly decides how the husband’s earnings are used. Three in four men (75 percent) and more than two in three women (68 percent) say that the husband and wife decide jointly how the husband’s cash earnings are used. Younger couples are less likely to share control over the husband’s earnings as reported by men. Rural men and women are more likely to say that decisions about how the husband’s cash earnings are spent are made jointly by the husband and wife. In general, men who have higher education and those in the middle wealth quintile are more likely to make decisions jointly about the use of the husband’s cash earnings, while more men in the highest wealth quintile said that their wife solely makes the decision (26 percent). This holds true for women also, as 37 percent of women in the highest wealth quintile said that they are responsible for deciding on the use of their husbands’ income, compared with 21 percent in the lowest wealth quintile. 206 | Women’s Empowerment and Demographic and Health Outcomes
Table 15.2.2 Control over men's cash earnings Percent distributions of currently married men age 15-49 who receive cash earnings and of currently married women age 15-49 whose husbands receive cash earnings, by person who decides how men's cash earnings are used, according to background characteristics, Timor-Leste 2009-10 Men Person who decides how Women husband’s cash earnings Person who decides how husband’s cash are used: earnings are used: Husband Husband Background Mainly and wife Mainly Mainly and wife Mainly characteristic Age wife jointly husband Total Number wife jointly husband Other Missing Total Number 15-19 na na na na 0 21.8 73.6 4.6 0.0 0.0 100.0 212 20-24 27.1 63.9 8.9 100.0 31 24.6 69.5 5.4 0.1 0.4 100.0 987 25-29 31.4 67.1 1.4 100.0 137 29.4 65.3 5.2 0.0 0.1 100.0 1,358 30-34 13.5 82.3 4.2 100.0 140 27.3 67.1 5.4 0.0 0.2 100.0 1,220 35-39 22.0 75.6 2.3 100.0 169 24.5 69.7 5.9 0.0 0.0 100.0 1,329 40-44 19.1 77.5 3.3 100.0 144 24.8 69.0 6.0 0.0 0.2 100.0 1,065 45-49 Number of living children 21.9 76.8 1.3 100.0 95 24.9 67.6 7.1 0.1 0.4 100.0 822 0 (21.7) (68.5) (9.8) 100.0 48 25.0 69.7 5.1 0.0 0.2 100.0 406 1-2 25.7 72.3 2.0 100.0 220 25.5 69.2 5.0 0.1 0.3 100.0 1,897 3-4 19.7 78.5 1.8 100.0 265 25.9 68.2 5.6 0.0 0.2 100.0 2,147 5+ Residence 20.1 76.3 3.7 100.0 182 26.4 66.9 6.5 0.0 0.1 100.0 2,541 Urban 27.2 70.3 2.6 100.0 372 40.2 53.3 5.9 0.1 0.6 100.0 1,933 Rural Education 15.9 80.9 3.2 100.0 343 20.5 73.8 5.7 0.0 0.0 100.0 5,059 No education (29.3) (70.7) (0.0) 100.0 61 21.4 72.0 6.5 0.0 0.1 100.0 2,511 Primary 23.2 70.4 6.4 100.0 151 24.0 70.1 5.8 0.1 0.0 100.0 1,756 Secondary 21.1 76.5 2.5 100.0 395 30.8 63.7 4.9 0.0 0.4 100.0 2,512 More than secondary Wealth quintile 18.3 80.7 1.0 100.0 108 38.1 57.4 4.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 213 Lowest (11.1) (88.9) (0.0) 100.0 29 21.3 72.4 6.2 0.0 0.1 100.0 1,209 Second 20.3 69.0 10.7 100.0 49 20.5 72.1 7.2 0.1 0.1 100.0 1,273 Middle 8.9 86.9 4.2 100.0 82 22.2 71.3 6.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 1,350 Fourth 22.3 76.2 1.5 100.0 194 25.0 70.1 4.6 0.0 0.3 100.0 1,409 Highest 25.5 72.0 2.5 100.0 361 36.8 58.1 4.7 0.0 0.3 100.0 1,750 Total 15-49 21.8 75.3 2.9 100.0 715 26.0 68.1 5.7 0.0 0.2 100.0 6,992 Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. na = Not applicable Women’s Empowerment and Demographic and Health Outcomes | 207
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Timor-Leste Demographic and Health
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CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES .......
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CHAPTER 7 FERTILITY PREFERENCES 7.1
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14.8 HIV/AIDS-related Knowledge and
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x | Tables and Figures CHAPTER 4 FE
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xii | Tables and Figures Table 11.4
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xiv | Tables and Figures Table 16.4
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FOREWORD The 2009-10 Timor-Leste De
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CONTRIBUTORS TO THE REPORT Elias do
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about three children more than wome
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Postnatal Care. The majority of wom
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However, the level of chronic energ
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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL INDICAT
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INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 HISTORY, GEOGRAP
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The government of Timor-Leste has l
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1.5 ORGANIZATION OF THE SURVEY The
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1.8 HEMOGLOBIN TESTING In one-third
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In these households, 13,796 women w
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Table 2.1 Household population by a
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The percentage of children not livi
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The Early Childhood Care and Educat
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Table 2.4.2 Educational attainment
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The GAR at the primary school level
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ate (2 percent) than their rural co
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water. Thirty-six percent of househ
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The type of flooring material used
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Table 2.11 Wealth quintiles Percent
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS 3 Th
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Table 3.2.1 Educational attainment:
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Table 3.3.1 Literacy: Women Percent
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Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
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Table 3.5.1 Employment status: Wome
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3.4.2 Occupation Respondents who we
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3.4.3 Earnings, Employers, and Cont
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Tables 3.8.1 and 3.8.2 show the per
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Table 3.9.1 Use of tobacco: Women P
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FERTILITY 4 One of the major object
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Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
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calculated in the 2003 DHS follows
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of primary sterility. In Timor-Lest
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Table 4.8 Median age at first birth
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FAMILY PLANNING 5 In 2002, the Coun
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According to the 2003 DHS, knowledg
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Table 5.3.1 Ever use of contracepti
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Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.5 Current use of contracept
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Use increases with parity but with
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Female and male sterilizations are
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Table 5.10 Future use of contracept
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Table 5.13 Exposure to family plann
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Table 5.15 Husband/partner’s know
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6.2 POLYGYNY Polygyny (the practice
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20.9 years. Although the proportion
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84 | Other Proximate Determinants o
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Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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There is little difference in the p
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2 percent among women age 30-34 to
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92 | Fertility Preferences Table 7.
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94 | Fertility Preferences 7.3 NEED
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96 | Fertility Preferences an idea
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98 | Fertility Preferences The perc
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with their death, or they may live
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100 80 60 40 20 102 | Infant and Ch
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104 | Infant and Child Mortality Ta
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8.7 HIGH-RISK FERTILITY BEHAVIOR Th
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ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY 9 The
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9.2 ADULT MORTALITY Table 9.3 Sibsh
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MATERNAL HEALTH 10 Making Pregnancy
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among women in the lowest wealth qu
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A much lower percentage of Timorese
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Table 10.5 Knowledge of danger sign
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10.6.2 Assistance during Delivery O
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Table 10.8 Knowledge of danger sign
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Table 10.10 Application of material
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Table 10.12 Timing of first postnat
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Where health services are present,
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CHILD HEALTH 11 This chapter presen
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In the TLDHS, information on vaccin
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Boys (54 percent) are somewhat more
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The data indicate that two percent
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11.6 DIARRHEAL DISEASE Dehydration
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Table 11.8 Diarrhea treatment Among
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Ten percent of children with diarrh
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There are marked differences in the
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international reference population
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80 Percent 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 150
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60 50 40 30 20 10 152 | Nutrition o
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Table 12.2 shows the percentages of
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Page 190 and 191: Table 12.5 Foods and liquids consum
Page 192 and 193: Table 12.6 Infant and young child f
Page 194 and 195: Table 12.7 shows the percentage of
Page 196 and 197: the most recent distribution preced
Page 198 and 199: Table 12.10 Nutritional status of w
Page 200 and 201: Table 12.12 shows data on micronutr
Page 202 and 203: 12.12 PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN WOMEN
Page 205 and 206: MALARIA 13 Malaria remains a leadin
Page 207 and 208: 13.1.2 Use of Mosquito Nets by Chil
Page 209 and 210: Tables 13.3 and 13.4 show the perce
Page 211 and 212: The highest prevalence of fever is
Page 213 and 214: HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUD
Page 215 and 216: percent of women and 61 percent of
Page 217 and 218: person who has AIDS or by sharing c
Page 219 and 220: Comprehensive knowledge about AIDS
Page 221 and 222: HIV or AIDS on all four indicators
Page 223 and 224: Table 14.6 Payment for sexual inter
Page 225 and 226: 14.5 MALE CIRCUMCISION Male circumc
Page 227 and 228: In the 2009-10 TLDHS, women and men
Page 229 and 230: 100 Percent 80 60 40 20 0 64 Total
Page 231 and 232: 14.8.2 Age at First Sex and Condom
Page 233 and 234: To assess the extent of condom use
Page 235 and 236: WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND DEMOGRAPH
Page 237: Table 15.2.1 Control over women’s
Page 241 and 242: Table 15.4.1 Women’s participatio
Page 243 and 244: Table 15.5.1 Women’s participatio
Page 245 and 246: 15.5 ATTITUDES TOWARD WIFE BEATING
Page 247 and 248: Table 15.6.2 Attitude toward wife b
Page 249 and 250: Table 15.7.1 Attitude toward refusi
Page 251 and 252: Women’s empowerment is closely as
Page 253 and 254: Table 15.8 Indicators of women’s
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Page 257 and 258: DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 16 In the words o
Page 259 and 260: partner] hit, slapped, kicked, or d
Page 261 and 262: Table 16.1 Experience of physical v
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Page 267 and 268: Domestic violence is not limited to
Page 269 and 270: Table 16.8 Forms of spousal violenc
Page 271 and 272: Table 16.9—Continued Emotional vi
Page 273 and 274: Table 16.10 Spousal violence by hus
Page 275 and 276: 16.14 Physical Violence by Women ag
Page 277 and 278: 16.15 HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF WOME
Page 279 and 280: 16.17 SOCIAL NORMS AND VALUES The f
Page 281 and 282: REFERENCES Acharya, M. 2010. Effort
Page 283 and 284: Ministry of Health (MOH) [Timor-Les
Page 285: World Health Organization (WHO), Wo
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256 | Appendix A during the populat
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A.5 SURVEY RESULTS 258 | Appendix A
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ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS Append
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Table B.1 List of selected variable
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Table B.3 Sampling errors for Urban
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Table B.5 Sampling errors for Aileu
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Table B.7 Sampling errors for Bauca
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Table B.9 Sampling errors for Coval
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Table B.11 Sampling errors for Erme
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Table B.13 Sampling errors for Liqu
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Table B.15 Sampling errors for Manu
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Table B.17 Sampling errors for Viqu
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282 | Appendix C Table C.2.1 Age di
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284 | Appendix C Table C.5 Reportin
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286 | Appendix C Table C.7 Nutritio
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PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE 2009-10 TIM
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Martinho da Costa Cesaltina Falcao
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QUESTIONNAIRES Appendix E Appendix
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296 | Appendix E Introduction and C
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IF AGE 15 IF AGE 0-17 YEARS IF AGE
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300 | Appendix E HOUSEHOLD CHARACTE
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302 | Appendix E NO. QUESTIONS AND
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306 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND
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308 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT, AN
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310 | Appendix E
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312 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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314 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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212 316 | Appendix E 213 214 215 21
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326 | Appendix E LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO
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350 | Appendix E LAST SEXUAL PARTNE
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352 | Appendix E SECTION 7. FERTILI
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356 | Appendix E SECTION 8. HUSBAND
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362 | Appendix E SECTION 10. OTHER
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364 | Appendix E SECTION 11. MATERN
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366 | Appendix E SECTION 12. DOMEST
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372 | Appendix E INSTRUCTIONS: 2 04
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374 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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376 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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378 | Appendix E SECTION 3. CONTRAC
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380 | Appendix E 311 Where is that?
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386 | Appendix E SECTION 5. FERTILI
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388 | Appendix E SECTION 6. EMPLOYM
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390 | Appendix E SECTION 7. HIV/AID
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