Demographic and Health Survey 2009-10 - Timor-Leste Ministry of ...

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178 | Malaria 13.1.4 Prevalence and Management of Childhood Malaria A common manifestation of malaria is fever, and the presence of fever is used as an entry point to assess and classify a sick child’s condition. In the 2009-10 TLDHS, mothers were asked whether their children under age 5 had a fever in the two weeks preceding the survey. Although fever can occur year-round, malaria is more prevalent during the end of the rainy season. The fieldwork for the TLDHS spanned the six months from mid-August 2009 to early February 2010 and did not fully encompass the peak season for malaria transmission of November to May. Such temporal factors should be taken into account when interpreting the occurrence of fever as an indicator of malaria prevalence. If a fever was reported, the mother was asked whether treatment was sought at a health facility and whether the child was given any medication and, if so, how soon the medication was taken after the onset of fever. Table 13.5 shows the percentage of children under age 5 with fever in the two weeks preceding the survey, and among children with fever, the percentage who received antimalarial drugs and the percentage who took antimalarial drugs the same day or the next, by background characteristics. One in five children under age 5 (19 percent) had a fever in the two weeks preceding the survey. Of these, 6 percent received an antimalarial drug. Only 2 percent of children received antimalarial drugs the same day or the next day after the onset of fever. Table 13.5 Prevalence and prompt treatment of fever Percentage of children under age 5 with fever in the two weeks preceding the survey, and among children with fever, the percentage who took antimalarial drugs and the percentage who took the drugs the same or next day following the onset of fever, by background characteristics, Timor-Leste 2009-10 Background characteristic Among children under age 5: Among children under age 5 with fever: Percentage with fever in the two weeks preceding the survey Number of children Percentage who took antimalarial drugs Percentage who took antimalarial drugs same or next day Number of children Age (in months)
The highest prevalence of fever is reported among children age 12-23 months (23 percent). Fever is least common among children age 48-59 months (12 percent).The proportion of children with fever differs by urban-rural residence, with 24 percent of urban children having fever in the two weeks before the survey as opposed to 18 percent in the rural areas. Liquiçá reported the highest proportions of children with fever (34 percent), while Ainaro had the lowest proportion (5 percent). Children older than 12 months are most likely to be given antimalarial drugs for the treatment of fever and to receive the drugs the same or the next day. There is hardly any urban-rural variation in getting antimalarial drugs. Children of mothers with no education are more likely to receive antimalarial drugs (8 percent) than children of mothers with primary and secondary education. Table 13.6 presents information on the type and timing of antimalarial drugs given to children under age 5 who had fever in the two weeks preceding the survey, by background characteristics. Fansidar is the most common antimalarial drug given to children with fever (3 percent), followed by chloroquine (2 percent), and quinine (1 percent). The very low percentage of children with fever treated with antimalarial drugs can be attributed to the revised protocol put in place since 2007 that advocates treatment for malaria upon confirmation by microscopy testing or Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs). As discussed in Chapter 11, the majority of children with fever are prescribed paracetemol or antibiotics in the absence of the availability of RDTs or while waiting for the laboratory results Table 13.6 Type and timing of antimalarial drugs Among children under age 5 with fever in the two weeks preceding the survey, percentage who took specific antimalarial drugs and percentage who took each type of drug the same or next day after developing the fever, by background characteristics, Timor-Leste 2009-10 Background characteristic SP/ Fansidar Percentage of children who took drug: Chloroquine Quinine ACT Other antimalarial Percentage of children who took drug the same or next day: SP/ Fansidar Chloroquine Quinine ACT Other antimalarial Number of children with fever Age (in months)
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Timor-Leste Demographic and Health
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CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES .......
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CHAPTER 7 FERTILITY PREFERENCES 7.1
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14.8 HIV/AIDS-related Knowledge and
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x | Tables and Figures CHAPTER 4 FE
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xii | Tables and Figures Table 11.4
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xiv | Tables and Figures Table 16.4
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FOREWORD The 2009-10 Timor-Leste De
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CONTRIBUTORS TO THE REPORT Elias do
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about three children more than wome
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Postnatal Care. The majority of wom
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However, the level of chronic energ
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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL INDICAT
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INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 HISTORY, GEOGRAP
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The government of Timor-Leste has l
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1.5 ORGANIZATION OF THE SURVEY The
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1.8 HEMOGLOBIN TESTING In one-third
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In these households, 13,796 women w
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Table 2.1 Household population by a
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The percentage of children not livi
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The Early Childhood Care and Educat
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Table 2.4.2 Educational attainment
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The GAR at the primary school level
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ate (2 percent) than their rural co
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water. Thirty-six percent of househ
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The type of flooring material used
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Table 2.11 Wealth quintiles Percent
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS 3 Th
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Table 3.2.1 Educational attainment:
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Table 3.3.1 Literacy: Women Percent
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Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
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Table 3.5.1 Employment status: Wome
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3.4.2 Occupation Respondents who we
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3.4.3 Earnings, Employers, and Cont
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Tables 3.8.1 and 3.8.2 show the per
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Table 3.9.1 Use of tobacco: Women P
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FERTILITY 4 One of the major object
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Table 4.2 Fertility by background c
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calculated in the 2003 DHS follows
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of primary sterility. In Timor-Lest
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Table 4.8 Median age at first birth
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FAMILY PLANNING 5 In 2002, the Coun
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According to the 2003 DHS, knowledg
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Table 5.3.1 Ever use of contracepti
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Table 5.4 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.5 Current use of contracept
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Use increases with parity but with
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Female and male sterilizations are
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Table 5.10 Future use of contracept
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Table 5.13 Exposure to family plann
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Table 5.15 Husband/partner’s know
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6.2 POLYGYNY Polygyny (the practice
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20.9 years. Although the proportion
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84 | Other Proximate Determinants o
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Table 6.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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There is little difference in the p
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2 percent among women age 30-34 to
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92 | Fertility Preferences Table 7.
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94 | Fertility Preferences 7.3 NEED
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96 | Fertility Preferences an idea
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98 | Fertility Preferences The perc
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with their death, or they may live
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100 80 60 40 20 102 | Infant and Ch
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104 | Infant and Child Mortality Ta
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8.7 HIGH-RISK FERTILITY BEHAVIOR Th
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ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY 9 The
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9.2 ADULT MORTALITY Table 9.3 Sibsh
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MATERNAL HEALTH 10 Making Pregnancy
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among women in the lowest wealth qu
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A much lower percentage of Timorese
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Table 10.5 Knowledge of danger sign
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10.6.2 Assistance during Delivery O
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Table 10.8 Knowledge of danger sign
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Table 10.10 Application of material
Page 159 and 160: Table 10.12 Timing of first postnat
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Page 163 and 164: CHILD HEALTH 11 This chapter presen
Page 165 and 166: In the TLDHS, information on vaccin
Page 167 and 168: Boys (54 percent) are somewhat more
Page 169 and 170: The data indicate that two percent
Page 171 and 172: 11.6 DIARRHEAL DISEASE Dehydration
Page 173 and 174: Table 11.8 Diarrhea treatment Among
Page 175 and 176: Ten percent of children with diarrh
Page 177: There are marked differences in the
Page 180 and 181: international reference population
Page 182 and 183: 80 Percent 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 150
Page 184 and 185: 60 50 40 30 20 10 152 | Nutrition o
Page 186 and 187: Table 12.2 shows the percentages of
Page 188 and 189: 100 Percent 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20
Page 190 and 191: Table 12.5 Foods and liquids consum
Page 192 and 193: Table 12.6 Infant and young child f
Page 194 and 195: Table 12.7 shows the percentage of
Page 196 and 197: the most recent distribution preced
Page 198 and 199: Table 12.10 Nutritional status of w
Page 200 and 201: Table 12.12 shows data on micronutr
Page 202 and 203: 12.12 PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN WOMEN
Page 205 and 206: MALARIA 13 Malaria remains a leadin
Page 207 and 208: 13.1.2 Use of Mosquito Nets by Chil
Page 209: Tables 13.3 and 13.4 show the perce
Page 213 and 214: HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUD
Page 215 and 216: percent of women and 61 percent of
Page 217 and 218: person who has AIDS or by sharing c
Page 219 and 220: Comprehensive knowledge about AIDS
Page 221 and 222: HIV or AIDS on all four indicators
Page 223 and 224: Table 14.6 Payment for sexual inter
Page 225 and 226: 14.5 MALE CIRCUMCISION Male circumc
Page 227 and 228: In the 2009-10 TLDHS, women and men
Page 229 and 230: 100 Percent 80 60 40 20 0 64 Total
Page 231 and 232: 14.8.2 Age at First Sex and Condom
Page 233 and 234: To assess the extent of condom use
Page 235 and 236: WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND DEMOGRAPH
Page 237 and 238: Table 15.2.1 Control over women’s
Page 239 and 240: Table 15.2.2 Control over men's cas
Page 241 and 242: Table 15.4.1 Women’s participatio
Page 243 and 244: Table 15.5.1 Women’s participatio
Page 245 and 246: 15.5 ATTITUDES TOWARD WIFE BEATING
Page 247 and 248: Table 15.6.2 Attitude toward wife b
Page 249 and 250: Table 15.7.1 Attitude toward refusi
Page 251 and 252: Women’s empowerment is closely as
Page 253 and 254: Table 15.8 Indicators of women’s
Page 255 and 256: pathways: its negative association
Page 257 and 258: DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 16 In the words o
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Table 16.1 Experience of physical v
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Among women who have never been mar
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who experienced sexual violence fir
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Domestic violence is not limited to
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Table 16.8 Forms of spousal violenc
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Table 16.9—Continued Emotional vi
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Table 16.10 Spousal violence by hus
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16.14 Physical Violence by Women ag
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16.15 HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF WOME
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16.17 SOCIAL NORMS AND VALUES The f
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REFERENCES Acharya, M. 2010. Effort
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Ministry of Health (MOH) [Timor-Les
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World Health Organization (WHO), Wo
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256 | Appendix A during the populat
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A.5 SURVEY RESULTS 258 | Appendix A
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ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS Append
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Table B.1 List of selected variable
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Table B.3 Sampling errors for Urban
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Table B.5 Sampling errors for Aileu
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Table B.7 Sampling errors for Bauca
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Table B.9 Sampling errors for Coval
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Table B.11 Sampling errors for Erme
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Table B.13 Sampling errors for Liqu
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Table B.15 Sampling errors for Manu
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Table B.17 Sampling errors for Viqu
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282 | Appendix C Table C.2.1 Age di
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284 | Appendix C Table C.5 Reportin
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286 | Appendix C Table C.7 Nutritio
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PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE 2009-10 TIM
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Martinho da Costa Cesaltina Falcao
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QUESTIONNAIRES Appendix E Appendix
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296 | Appendix E Introduction and C
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IF AGE 15 IF AGE 0-17 YEARS IF AGE
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300 | Appendix E HOUSEHOLD CHARACTE
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302 | Appendix E NO. QUESTIONS AND
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306 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND
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308 | Appendix E WEIGHT, HEIGHT, AN
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310 | Appendix E
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312 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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314 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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212 316 | Appendix E 213 214 215 21
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326 | Appendix E LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO
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350 | Appendix E LAST SEXUAL PARTNE
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352 | Appendix E SECTION 7. FERTILI
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356 | Appendix E SECTION 8. HUSBAND
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362 | Appendix E SECTION 10. OTHER
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364 | Appendix E SECTION 11. MATERN
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366 | Appendix E SECTION 12. DOMEST
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372 | Appendix E INSTRUCTIONS: 2 04
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374 | Appendix E INTRODUCTION AND C
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376 | Appendix E SECTION 2. REPRODU
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378 | Appendix E SECTION 3. CONTRAC
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380 | Appendix E 311 Where is that?
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386 | Appendix E SECTION 5. FERTILI
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388 | Appendix E SECTION 6. EMPLOYM
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390 | Appendix E SECTION 7. HIV/AID
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