The 21st Century climate challenge

Human and income poverty: OECD countries, Central andEastern Europe and the CISHDI rankHuman poverty index(HPI-2) aRankValue(%)Probabilityat birth ofnot survivingto age 60 b, †(% of cohort)2000–05Peoplelackingfunctionalliteracy Long-termskills c, † unemployment †(% aged (as % of labour16–65) force)1994–2003 e 2006Population below income poverty line(%)50% ofmedianincome † $11 a day $4 a day2000–04 e 1994–95 e 2000–04 eHPI-2 rankminusincomepovertyrank dNOTESThis table includes Israel and Malta, which arenot OECD member countries, but excludes theRepublic of Korea, Mexico and Turkey, which are.For the human poverty index (HPI-1) and relatedindicators for these countries, see Table 3.† Denotes indicator used to calculate HPI-2; fordetails see Technical note 1.a. HPI-2 is calculated for selected high-incomeOECD countries only.b. Data refer to the probability at birth of notsurviving to age 60, multiplied by 100.c. Based on scoring at level 1 on the prose literacyscale of the IALS.d. Income poverty refers to the share of thepopulation living on less than 50% of the medianadjusted disposable household income. A positivefi gure indicates that the country performs better inincome poverty than in human poverty, a negativethe opposite.e. Data refer to the most recent year available duringthe period specifi ed.f. Data refer to a year or period other than thatspecifi ed, differ from the standard defi nition orrefer to only part of a country.g. Based on OECD and Statistics Canada 2000.h. For calculating HPI-2 an estimate of 16.4%, theunweighted average of countries with availabledata, was applied.i. Smeeding 1997.j. Data refer to a year between 1996 and 1999.k. Data refer to 2005.SOURCESColumn 1: determined on the basis of HPI-2 valuesin column 2.Column 2: calculated on the basis of data in columns3–6; see Technical note 1 for details.Column 3: calculated on the basis of survival datafrom UN 2007e.Column 4: OECD and Statistics Canada 2005, unlessotherwise specifi ed.Column 5: calculated on the basis of data onlong-term unemployment and labour force fromOECD 2007.Column 6: LIS 2007.Column 7: Smeeding, Rainwater and Burtless 2000.Column 8: World Bank 2007a.Column 9: calculated on the basis of data incolumns 1 and 6.HPI-2 ranks for 19 selected OECD countries1 Sweden2 Norway3 Netherlands4 Finland5 Denmark6 Germany7 Switzerland8 Canada9 Luxembourg10 Austria11 France12 Japan13 Australia14 Belgium15 Spain16 United Kingdom17 United States18 Ireland19 ItalyHuman development indicatorsTABLE4MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT73 Kazakhstan .. .. 31.1 .. .. .. .. 56.7 ..76 Ukraine .. .. 26.5 .. .. .. .. 44.7 ..83 Armenia .. .. 17.6 .. .. .. .. 80.5 ..96 Georgia .. .. 19.1 .. .. .. .. 61.9 ..98 Azerbaijan .. .. 24.5 .. .. .. .. 85.9 j ..109 Turkmenistan .. .. 31.3 .. .. .. .. 79.4 j ..111 Moldova .. .. 24.2 .. .. .. .. 64.7 ..113 Uzbekistan .. .. 25.9 .. .. .. .. 16.9 ..116 Kyrgyzstan .. .. 26.9 .. .. .. .. 72.5 ..122 Tajikistan .. .. 25.9 .. .. .. .. 84.7 ..242 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2007/2008