The 21st Century climate challenge

TABLE24.. . while preserving it for future generations . . .Carbon dioxide emissions and stocksHuman development indicatorsHDI rankTotal(Mt CO 2)Annualchange(%)Carbon dioxide emissions aShare ofworld total b(%)Per capita(t CO 2)Carbon intensityof energyCO 2emissions perunit of energy use(kt of CO 2perkt of oil equivalent)Carbon intensityof growthCO 2emissionsper unit of GDP(kt of CO 2per million2000 PPP US$)Carbondioxideemissionsfrom forestbiomass c(Mt CO 2/ year)Carbonstocksin forestbiomass d(Mt Carbon)1990 2004 1990–2004 1990 2004 1990 2004 1990 2004 1990 2004 1990–2005 2005HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT1 Iceland 2.0 2.2 0.7 (.) (.) 7.9 7.6 0.93 0.64 0.32 0.24 -0.1 1.52 Norway 33.2 87.5 11.7 0.1 0.3 7.8 19.1 1.54 3.17 0.31 0.53 -15.6 344.03 Australia 278.5 326.6 1.2 1.2 1.1 16.3 16.2 3.18 2.82 0.81 0.58 .. 8,339.04 Canada 415.8 639.0 3.8 1.8 2.2 15.0 20.0 1.99 2.38 0.66 0.69 .. ..5 Ireland 30.6 42.3 2.7 0.1 0.1 8.8 10.5 2.94 2.78 0.55 0.31 -1.0 19.86 Sweden 49.5 53.0 0.5 0.2 0.2 5.8 5.9 1.04 0.98 0.26 0.21 -30.2 1,170.07 Switzerland 42.7 40.4 -0.4 0.2 0.1 6.2 5.4 1.71 1.49 0.21 0.17 -6.1 154.08 Japan 1,070.7 1,257.2 1.2 4.7 4.3 8.7 9.9 2.40 2.36 0.37 0.36 -118.5 1,892.09 Netherlands 141.0 142.0 (.) 0.6 0.5 9.4 8.7 2.11 1.73 0.41 0.30 -1.2 25.010 France 363.8 373.5 0.2 1.6 1.3 6.4 6.0 1.60 1.36 0.29 0.23 -44.2 1,165.011 Finland 51.2 65.8 2.0 0.2 0.2 10.3 12.6 1.76 1.73 0.46 0.45 -22.5 815.712 United States 4,818.3 6,045.8 1.8 21.2 20.9 19.3 20.6 2.50 2.60 0.68 0.56 -499.5 18,964.013 Spain 212.1 330.3 4.0 0.9 1.1 5.5 7.6 2.33 2.32 0.31 0.33 -28.3 392.014 Denmark 49.8 52.9 0.5 0.2 0.2 9.7 9.8 2.78 2.64 0.42 0.33 -1.0 26.015 Austria 57.6 69.8 1.5 0.3 0.2 7.4 8.6 2.30 2.10 0.32 0.29 .. ..16 United Kingdom 579.4 586.9 0.1 2.6 2.0 10.0 9.8 2.73 2.51 0.47 0.34 -4.2 112.017 Belgium 100.6 100.7 (.) 0.4 0.3 10.1 9.7 2.05 1.74 0.45 0.34 -3.7 65.318 Luxembourg 9.9 11.3 1.0 (.) (.) 25.9 25.0 2.77 2.37 0.78 0.48 -0.5 9.019 New Zealand 22.6 31.6 2.8 0.1 0.1 6.7 7.7 1.65 1.79 0.39 0.35 .. ..20 Italy 389.7 449.7 1.1 1.7 1.6 6.9 7.8 2.63 2.44 0.32 0.30 -51.9 636.021 Hong Kong, China (SAR) 26.2 37.4 3.1 0.1 0.1 4.6 5.5 2.46 2.18 0.23 0.19 .. ..22 Germany 980.4 h 808.3 -1.3 4.3 h 2.8 12.3 h 9.8 2.75 h 2.32 0.58 h 0.38 -74.9 1,303.023 Israel 33.1 71.2 8.2 0.1 0.2 6.9 10.4 2.74 3.43 0.39 0.47 .. ..24 Greece 72.4 96.6 2.4 0.3 0.3 7.1 8.8 3.26 3.17 0.49 0.43 -1.7 58.725 Singapore 45.1 52.2 1.1 0.2 0.2 14.9 12.3 3.37 2.04 0.99 0.48 .. ..26 Korea (Republic of) 241.2 465.4 6.6 1.1 1.6 5.6 9.7 2.60 2.18 0.57 0.51 -32.2 258.027 Slovenia 12.3 i 16.2 2.6 j 0.1 i 0.1 6.2 i 8.1 2.46 2.26 0.51 i 0.43 -8.5 147.128 Cyprus 4.6 6.7 3.2 (.) (.) 6.8 9.2 3.02 2.58 0.52 0.45 -0.1 2.829 Portugal 42.3 58.9 2.8 0.2 0.2 4.3 5.6 2.39 2.22 0.30 0.31 -8.9 113.830 Brunei Darussalam 5.8 8.8 3.7 (.) (.) 23.0 24.0 3.20 3.27 .. .. 1.2 39.331 Barbados 1.1 1.3 1.3 (.) (.) 4.1 4.7 .. .. .. .. .. ..32 Czech Republic 138.4 i 116.9 -1.3 j 0.6 i 0.4 13.4 i 11.4 3.20 2.57 1.03 i 0.66 -12.6 326.333 Kuwait 43.4 99.3 9.2 0.2 0.3 20.3 37.1 5.13 3.95 .. 1.81 .. ..34 Malta 2.2 2.5 0.7 (.) (.) 6.3 6.1 2.88 2.70 0.53 0.36 0.0 0.135 Qatar 12.2 52.9 23.9 0.1 0.2 24.9 79.3 1.76 2.93 .. .. .. ..36 Hungary 60.1 57.1 -0.4 0.3 0.2 5.8 5.6 2.10 2.17 0.50 0.37 -6.2 173.037 Poland 347.6 307.1 -0.8 1.5 1.1 9.1 8.0 3.48 3.35 1.24 0.68 -44.1 895.638 Argentina 109.7 141.7 2.1 0.5 0.5 3.4 3.7 2.38 2.22 0.38 0.31 121.6 2,411.039 United Arab Emirates 54.7 149.1 12.3 0.2 0.5 27.2 34.1 2.43 3.40 1.19 1.57 -0.7 16.640 Chile 35.6 62.4 5.4 0.2 0.2 2.7 3.9 2.53 2.23 0.47 0.38 -105.9 1,945.941 Bahrain 11.7 16.9 3.2 0.1 0.1 24.2 23.9 2.43 2.26 1.92 1.30 .. ..42 Slovakia 44.3 i 36.3 -1.5 j 0.2 i 0.1 8.4 i 6.7 2.45 1.98 0.96 i 0.51 -9.8 202.943 Lithuania 21.4 i 13.3 -3.1 j 0.1 i (.) 5.7 i 3.8 1.92 1.45 0.67 i 0.32 -6.3 128.944 Estonia 24.9 i 18.9 -2.0 j 0.1 i 0.1 16.1 i 14.0 3.96 3.66 2.46 i 1.12 .. 167.245 Latvia 12.7 i 7.1 -3.7 j 0.1 i (.) 4.8 i 3.0 2.15 1.54 0.85 i 0.28 -13.9 230.946 Uruguay 3.9 5.5 2.9 (.) (.) 1.2 1.6 1.74 1.91 0.18 0.19 .. ..47 Croatia 17.4 i 23.5 2.9 j 0.1 i 0.1 3.9 i 5.3 2.59 2.66 0.52 i 0.48 -10.8 192.448 Costa Rica 2.9 6.4 8.5 (.) (.) 1.0 1.5 1.44 1.73 0.15 0.17 3.4 192.849 Bahamas 1.9 2.0 0.2 (.) (.) 7.6 6.7 .. .. 0.46 .. .. ..50 Seychelles 0.1 0.5 27.2 (.) (.) 1.6 6.7 .. .. 0.13 0.44 0.0 3.751 Cuba 32.0 25.8 -1.4 0.1 0.1 3.0 2.3 1.91 2.41 .. .. -34.7 347.052 Mexico 413.3 437.8 0.4 1.8 1.5 5.0 4.2 3.32 2.65 0.65 0.46 .. ..53 Bulgaria 75.3 42.5 -3.1 0.3 0.1 8.4 5.5 2.61 2.25 1.29 0.72 -18.3 263.0310 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2007/2008