The 21st Century climate challenge

TABLE12 Literacy and enrolmentHuman development indicatorsHDI rankAdult literacy rate(% aged 15 and older)MDGYouth literacy rate(% aged 15–24)MDGNet primaryenrolment rate(%)Net secondaryenrolment rate a(%)MDGChildren reachinggrade 5(% of grade 1 students)Tertiary students inscience, engineering,manufacturingand construction(% of tertiary students)1985– 1995– 1985– 1995–1994 b 2005 c 1994 b 2005 c 1991 2005 1991 2005 1991 2004 1999–2005 d54 Saint Kitts and Nevis .. .. .. .. .. 93 e .. 86 e .. 87 f ..55 Tonga .. 98.9 .. 99.3 .. 95 e .. 68 e,f .. 89 e ..56 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 74.7 h 84.2 h 94.9 h 98.0 h 96 e .. .. .. .. .. 3157 Antigua and Barbuda .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..58 Oman .. 81.4 .. 97.3 69 76 .. 75 97 98 20 e,g59 Trinidad and Tobago 97.1 h 98.4 h 99.3 h 99.5 h 91 90 e .. 69 e .. 91 e 3660 Romania 96.7 97.3 99.1 97.8 81 e 93 .. 80 .. .. 25 g61 Saudi Arabia 70.8 82.9 87.9 95.8 59 78 31 66 83 96 1762 Panama 88.8 91.9 95.1 96.1 .. 98 .. 64 .. 85 20 g63 Malaysia 82.9 88.7 95.6 97.2 .. 95 f .. 76 f 97 98 f 4064 Belarus 97.9 99.6 99.8 99.8 86 e 89 .. 89 .. .. 2765 Mauritius 79.9 84.3 91.2 94.5 91 95 .. 82 e 97 97 2666 Bosnia and Herzegovina .. 96.7 .. 99.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..67 Russian Federation 98.0 99.4 99.7 99.7 99 e 92 e .. .. .. .. ..68 Albania .. 98.7 .. 99.4 95 e 94 f .. 74 e,f .. .. 1269 Macedonia (TFYR) 94.1 96.1 98.9 98.7 94 92 .. 82 .. .. 2670 Brazil .. 88.6 .. 96.8 85 95 f 17 78 f 73 .. 16MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT71 Dominica .. .. .. .. .. 84 e .. .. 75 93 ..72 Saint Lucia .. .. .. .. 95 e 97 .. 68 e 96 96 ..73 Kazakhstan 97.5 99.5 99.7 99.8 89 e 91 .. 92 .. .. ..74 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 89.8 93.0 95.4 97.2 87 91 18 63 86 91 ..75 Colombia 81.4 92.8 90.5 98.0 69 87 34 55 e 76 81 3376 Ukraine .. 99.4 .. 99.8 80 e 83 .. 79 .. .. 2777 Samoa 98.1 h 98.6 h 99.1 h 99.3 h .. 90 e,f .. 66 e,f .. 94 f 1478 Thailand .. 92.6 .. 98.0 76 e 88 i .. 64 i .. .. ..79 Dominican Republic .. 87.0 .. 94.2 57 e 88 .. 53 .. 86 ..80 Belize 70.3 .. 76.4 .. 94 e 94 31 71 e 67 91 f 9 g81 China 77.8 90.9 94.3 98.9 97 .. .. .. 86 .. ..82 Grenada .. .. .. .. .. 84 e .. 79 e .. 79 f ..83 Armenia 98.8 99.4 99.9 99.8 .. 79 .. 84 .. .. 7 g84 Turkey 79.2 87.4 92.5 95.6 89 89 42 67 e 98 97 21 g85 Suriname .. 89.6 .. 94.9 81 e 94 .. 75 e .. .. 1986 Jordan .. 91.1 .. 99.0 94 89 .. 79 .. 96 2287 Peru 87.2 87.9 95.4 97.1 .. 96 .. 70 .. 90 ..88 Lebanon .. .. .. .. 73 e 92 .. .. .. 93 2489 Ecuador 88.3 91.0 96.2 96.4 98 e 98 e,f .. 52 f .. 76 e,f ..90 Philippines 93.6 92.6 96.6 95.1 96 e 94 .. 61 .. 75 27 g91 Tunisia .. 74.3 .. 94.3 94 97 .. 65 e 86 97 31 g92 Fiji .. .. .. .. .. 96 e .. 83 e 87 99 f ..93 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines .. .. .. .. .. 90 .. 64 e .. 88 e,f ..94 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 65.5 82.4 87.0 97.4 92 e 95 .. 77 90 88 f 4095 Paraguay 90.3 93.5 h 95.6 95.9 h 94 88 f 26 .. 74 81 f ..96 Georgia .. .. .. .. 97 e 93 f .. 81 f .. .. 2397 Guyana .. .. .. .. 89 .. 67 .. .. 64 e,f 1498 Azerbaijan .. 98.8 .. 99.9 89 85 .. 78 .. .. ..99 Sri Lanka .. 90.7 j .. 95.6 j . 97 e,f .. .. 92 .. ..100 Maldives 96.0 96.3 98.2 98.2 .. 79 .. 63 e .. 92 ..101 Jamaica .. 79.9 k .. .. k 96 90 e 64 78 e .. 90 f ..102 Cape Verde 62.8 81.2 h 88.2 96.3 h 91 e 90 .. 58 .. 93 ..103 El Salvador 74.1 80.6 h 84.9 88.5 h .. 93 .. 53 e 58 69 e 23104 Algeria 49.6 69.9 74.3 90.1 89 97 53 66 e,f 95 96 18 g105 Viet Nam 87.6 90.3 93.7 93.9 90 e 88 .. 69 e .. 87 e,f 20106 Occupied Palestinian Territories .. 92.4 .. 99.0 .. 80 .. 95 .. .. 18270 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2007/2008