The 21st Century climate challenge

HDI rankInternationalConvention on thePrevention andPunishment of theCrime of Genocide1948InternationalConvention on theElimination of AllForms of RacialDiscrimination1965InternationalCovenanton Civil andPolitical Rights1966InternationalCovenant onEconomic,Social andCultural Rights1966Convention onthe Eliminationof All Forms ofDiscriminationagainst Women1979Conventionagainst Tortureand OtherCruel, Inhumanor DegradingTreatment orPunishment1984Conventionon the Rightsof the Child1989Human development indicatorsTABLE34 Status of major international human rights instruments161 Rwanda 1975 1975 1975 1975 1981 .. 1991162 Angola .. .. 1992 1992 1986 .. 1990163 Benin .. 2001 1992 1992 1992 1992 1990164 Malawi .. 1996 1993 1993 1987 1996 1991165 Zambia .. 1972 1984 1984 1985 1998 1991166 Côte d’Ivoire 1995 1973 1992 1992 1995 1995 1991167 Burundi 1997 1977 1990 1990 1992 1993 1990168 Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 1962 1976 1976 1976 1986 1996 1990169 Ethiopia 1949 1976 1993 1993 1981 1994 1991170 Chad .. 1977 1995 1995 1995 1995 1990171 Central African Republic .. 1971 1981 1981 1991 .. 1992172 Mozambique 1983 1983 1993 .. 1997 1999 1994173 Mali 1974 1974 1974 1974 1985 1999 1990174 Niger .. 1967 1986 1986 1999 1998 1990175 Guinea-Bissau .. 2000 a 2000 a 1992 1985 2000 a 1990176 Burkina Faso 1965 1974 1999 1999 1987 1999 1990177 Sierra Leone .. 1967 1996 1996 1988 2001 1990OTHERS aAfghanistan 1956 1983 1983 1983 2003 1987 1994Andorra 2006 2006 2006 .. 1997 2006 1996Iraq 1959 1970 1971 1971 1986 .. 1994Kiribati .. .. .. 2004 .. 1995Democratic People’s Republic of Korea 1989 .. 1981 1981 2001 .. 1990Liberia 1950 1976 2004 2004 1984 2004 1993Liechtenstein 1994 2000 1998 1998 1995 1990 1995Marshall Islands .. .. .. 2006 .. 1993Monaco 1950 1995 1997 1997 2005 1991 1993Montenegro b 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006Nauru .. 2001 2001 .. .. 2001 a 1994Palau .. .. .. .. .. 1995San Marino .. 2002 1985 1985 2003 2006 1991Serbia b 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001Somalia .. 1975 1990 1990 .. 1990 2002Tuvalu .. .. .. 1999 .. 1995Total state parties c 140 172 160 156 183 143 189Treaties signed, not yet ratified 1 6 5 5 1 8 2NOTESData refer to year of ratifi cation, accession orsuccession unless otherwise specifi ed. All thesestages have the same legal effects. Bold signifi essignature not yet followed by ratifi cation. Data areas of 1 July 2007.a. Countries or areas, in addition to the 177countries or areas included in the main indicatortables, that have signed at least one of the sevenhuman rights instruments.b. Following separation of Serbia and Montenegrointo two independent states in June 2006, alltreaty actions (ratifi cation or signature) continuein force for the Republic of Serbia. As of 1 July2007, the UN Secretary-General had not receivednotifi cation from the Republic of Montenegro withregard to the treaties reported in this table, unlessotherwise specifi ed.c. Refers to ratifi cation, accession or succession.SOURCEColumns 1–7: UN 2007a.350 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2007/2008