The 21st Century climate challenge

TABLE26Conventional arms transfers bRefugees(1990 prices)Internallydisplaced By country By countryExportsTotal armed forcespeople a(thousands)of asylum(thousands)of origin c(thousands)Imports(US$ millions)US$millionsShare d(%) ThousandsIndex(1985=100)HDI rank2006 e 2006 e 2006 e 1996 2006 2006 2002–2006 2007 2007160 Guinea 19 g 31 7 0 0 .. .. 12 121161 Rwanda .. 49 93 1 0 .. .. 33 635162 Angola 62 g 13 207 9 0 0 (.) 107 216163 Benin .. 11 (.) 0 0 .. .. 5 111164 Malawi .. 4 (.) .. .. 0 (.) 5 94165 Zambia .. 120 (.) 5 15 .. .. 15 93166 Côte d’Ivoire 750 39 26 0 0 .. .. 17 129167 Burundi 100 13 397 0 0 .. .. 35 673168 Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 1,100 208 402 46 13 .. .. 51 106169 Ethiopia 100–280 97 83 0 0 .. .. 153 71170 Chad 113 287 36 0 2 .. .. 17 139171 Central African Republic 212 12 72 0 9 .. .. 3 130172 Mozambique .. 3 (.) 0 0 .. .. 11 70173 Mali .. 11 1 0 0 .. .. 7 143174 Niger .. (.) 1 0 0 .. .. 5 227175 Guinea-Bissau .. 8 1 .. .. .. .. 9 105176 Burkina Faso .. 1 (.) 0 0 .. .. 11 275177 Sierra Leone .. 27 43 0 0 .. .. 11 355Developing countries .. 7,084 .. .. .. .. .. 13,950 T 90Least developed countries .. 2,177 .. .. .. .. .. 1,781 T 152Arab States .. 2,001 .. .. .. .. .. 2,167 T 80East Asia and the Pacifi c .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5,952 T 80Latin America and the Caribbean .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,327 T 99South Asia .. 2,326 .. .. .. .. .. 2,877 T 113Sub-Saharan Africa .. 2,227 .. .. .. .. .. 1,102 T 130Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS .. 168 .. .. .. .. .. 2,050 T ..OECD .. 2,556 .. .. .. .. .. 4,995 T 69High-income OECD .. 2,533 .. .. .. .. .. 4,028 69High human development .. 2,885 .. .. .. 25,830 .. 7,101 52Medium human development .. 5,389 .. .. .. .. .. 10,143 91Low human development .. 1,453 .. .. .. .. .. 835 146High income .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4,611 74Middle income .. 3,267 .. .. .. .. .. 9,440 ..Low income .. 3,741 .. .. .. .. .. 5,413 110World 23,700 T p 9,894 T p 9,894 T p 22,115 T p 26,130 T p 26,742 T p .. 19,801 T 73NOTESa. Estimates maintained by the IDMC based onvarious sources. Estimates are associated withhigh levels of uncertainty.b. Data are as of 10 May 2007. Figures are trendindicator values, which are an indicator only ofthe volume of international arms transfers, notof the actual fi nancial value of such transfers.Published reports of arms transfers provide partialinformation, as not all transfers are fully reported.The estimates presented are conservative andmay understate actual transfers of conventionalweapons.c. The country of origin for many refugees isunavailable or unreported. These data maytherefore be underestimates.d. Calculated using the 2002-06 totals for allcountries and non-state actors with exports ofmajor conventional weapons as defi ned inSIPRI 2007a.e. Data refer to the end of 2006 unlessotherwise specifi ed.f. Higher fi gure includes estimate of Bedoininternally displaced people.g. Data refer to a year or period other thanthat specifi ed.h. Lower estimate is cumulative since 1994. Higherfi gure is cumulative since 1985.i. Figures do not include an estimated 30,000 ethnicArmenians displaced to Nagorno Karabakh.j. According to the Government of Algeria, thereare an estimated 165,000 Saharawi refugees inTindouf camps.k. Lower estimate includes only internally displacedpeople evicted mainly by dwelling demolitionssince 2000. Higher fi gure is cumulativesince 1967.l. Estimate excludes certain parts of the country orsome groups of internally displaced people.m. Confl ict-induced displacement has taken place inBalochistan and Waziristan, but no estimates areavailable due to lack of access.n. Figures are only for Afghans living in camps andassisted by UNHCR.o. Not including people previously displaced byland acquisitions or political violence. Also notincluding people recently displaced due to losingtheir businesses or other forms livelihood.p. Data are aggregates provided by originaldata source.SOURCESColumn 1: IDMC 2007.Columns 2 and 3: UNHCR 2007.Columns 4 – 6: SIPRI 2007a.Column 7: calculated on the basis of data on armstransfers from SIPRI 2007a.Column 8: IISS 2007.Column 9: calculated on the basis of data on armedforces from IISS 2007.Human development indicatorsHUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2007/2008 321