The 21st Century climate challenge

TABLE22Electricity consumptionper capitaPopulationwithoutelectricity(millions)Forest areaElectrificationGDP per unit of energy use % of total Total Total changerateland area(kilowatthours)(% change)(2000 PPP US$ per(thousand (thousand(%)kg of oil equivalent) (% change)(%)sq km) sq km)HDI rank2004 1990–2004 2000–05 a 2005 2004 1990–2004 2005 2005 1990–2005 1990–2005160 Guinea 87 e 3.6 .. .. .. .. 27.4 67.2 -6.8 -0.6161 Rwanda 31 e 24.0 .. .. .. .. 19.5 4.8 1.6 3.4162 Angola 220 161.9 15 13.5 3.3 -12.4 47.4 591.0 -18.7 -0.2163 Benin 81 72.3 22 6.5 3.3 25.8 21.3 23.5 -9.7 -1.9164 Malawi 100 e 14.9 7 11.8 .. .. 36.2 34.0 -4.9 -0.8165 Zambia 721 -7.8 19 9.5 1.5 0.4 57.1 424.5 -66.7 -0.9166 Côte d’Ivoire 224 7.7 50 9.1 3.7 -29.1 32.7 104.1 1.8 0.1167 Burundi 22 e -4.3 .. .. .. .. 5.9 1.5 -1.4 -3.2168 Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 92 -42.1 6 53.8 2.2 -55.8 58.9 1,336.1 -69.2 -0.3169 Ethiopia 36 .. 15 60.8 2.8 5.8 11.9 130.0 -21.1 -0.9170 Chad 11 e -31.3 .. .. .. .. 9.5 119.2 -11.9 -0.6171 Central African Republic 28 e -12.5 .. .. .. .. 36.5 227.6 -4.5 -0.1172 Mozambique 545 856.1 6 18.6 2.6 105.8 24.6 192.6 -7.5 -0.2173 Mali 41 e 36.7 .. .. .. .. 10.3 125.7 -15.0 -0.7174 Niger 40 e -13.0 .. .. .. .. 1.0 12.7 -6.8 -2.3175 Guinea-Bissau 44 e 4.8 .. .. .. .. 73.7 20.7 -1.4 -0.4176 Burkina Faso 31 e 55.0 7 12.4 .. .. 29.0 67.9 -3.6 -0.3177 Sierra Leone 24 -54.7 .. .. .. .. 38.5 27.5 -2.9 -0.6Developing countries 1,221 .. 68 j 1,569.0 j 4.6 .. 27.9 21,147.8 -1,381.7 -0.4Least developed countries 119 .. .. .. .. .. 27.5 5,541.6 -583.6 -0.6Arab States 1,841 .. .. .. 3.4 .. 7.2 877.7 -88.0 -0.6East Asia and the Pacifi c 1,599 .. .. .. .. .. 28.6 4,579.3 -75.5 0.1Latin America and the Caribbean 2,043 .. 90 j 45.0 j 6.2 .. 45.9 9,159.0 -686.3 -0.5South Asia 628 .. .. .. 5.1 .. 14.2 911.8 12.5 0.1Sub-Saharan Africa 478 .. 26 j 547.0 j .. .. 26.8 5,516.4 -549.6 -0.6Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS 4,539 .. .. .. 2.6 .. 38.3 8,856.5 22.7 (.)OECD 8,795 .. 100 .. 5.3 .. 30.9 10,382.4 67.9 0.1High-income OECD 10,360 .. 100 .. 5.3 .. 31.2 9,480.8 105.6 0.1High human development 7,518 .. 99 .. 5.0 .. 36.2 24,327.1 -366.8 -0.1Medium human development 1,146 .. 72 .. 4.5 .. 23.3 10,799.6 -462.4 -0.2Low human development 134 .. 25 .. .. .. 29.8 4,076.5 -379.5 -0.5High income 10,210 .. 100 .. 5.2 .. 29.2 9,548.4 107.1 0.1Middle income 2,039 .. 90 .. 4.2 .. 33.8 23,132.3 -683.1 -0.2Low income 449 .. 45 .. .. .. 23.9 6,745.6 -676.2 -0.6World 2,701 j .. 76 j 1,577.0 j 4.8 j .. 30.3 j 39,520.3 j -1,252.7 j -0.2Averageannualchange(%)NOTESa. Data refer to the most recent year available duringthe period specifi ed.b. Includes Liechtenstein.c. Includes Monaco.d. Includes San Marino.e. Data are estimates produced by the UNStatistics Division.f. Estimate produced by the Food and AgricultureOrganization based on information provided by thecountry.g. Data refer to a year or period other thanthat specifi ed.h. Data refer to the South African Customs Union,which includes Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia andSwaziland.i. Included in data for South Africa.j. Data are aggregates provided by originaldata source.SOURCESColumn 1: UN2007d.Column 2: calculated based on data from UN 2007b.Column 3-4: IEA 2002 and IEA 2006.Column 5: World Bank 2007b, based on datafrom IEA.Columns 6: calculated based on data from WorldBank 2007b.Column 7-8: FAO 2006.Columns 9–10: calculated based on data fromFAO 2006.Human development indicatorsHUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2007/2008 305