The 21st Century climate challenge

TABLE23Share of TPES aFossil fuels Renewable energy b OtherTotal primaryenergy supply a Coal c Oil d Natural GasHydro, solar, windand geothermalBiomass andwaste eNuclear(Mt of oil equivalent) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)HDI rank1990 2005 1990 2005 1990 2005 1990 2005 1990 2005 1990 2005 1990 2005160 Guinea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..161 Rwanda .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..162 Angola 6.3 9.9 0.0 0.0 23.2 28.5 7.0 6.2 1.0 1.5 68.8 63.8 0.0 0.0163 Benin 1.7 2.6 0.0 0.0 5.8 33.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 (.) 93.2 64.7 0.0 0.0164 Malawi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..165 Zambia 5.5 7.1 4.0 1.3 12.6 9.6 0.0 0.0 12.5 10.7 73.4 78.7 0.0 0.0166 Côte d’Ivoire 4.4 7.8 0.0 0.0 24.8 23.9 0.0 17.8 2.6 1.6 72.1 58.3 0.0 0.0167 Burundi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..168 Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 11.9 17.0 1.8 1.5 10.1 3.2 0.0 0.0 4.1 3.7 84.0 92.5 0.0 0.0169 Ethiopia 15.2 21.6 0.0 0.0 6.6 8.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 1.1 92.8 90.6 0.0 0.0170 Chad .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..171 Central African Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..172 Mozambique 7.2 10.2 0.5 0.0 4.6 5.2 0.0 0.2 0.3 11.2 94.4 85.4 0.0 0.0173 Mali .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..174 Niger .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..175 Guinea-Bissau .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..176 Burkina Faso .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..177 Sierra Leone .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Developing countries .. T .. T 30.3 32.5 30.5 31.0 9.4 14.1 2.7 2.9 26.3 18.0 0.8 1.4Least developed countries .. T .. T .. .. .. 17.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Arab States 237.4 T 477.1 T 1.1 1.3 59.5 54.2 33.9 40.2 0.7 0.4 4.8 3.8 0.0 0.0East Asia and the Pacifi c .. T .. T .. .. .. 25.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Latin America and the Caribbean .. T .. T 4.5 4.8 51.9 48.7 16.8 21.7 7.9 9.0 17.7 14.3 0.7 1.1South Asia 456.2 T 818.9 T 23.9 26.1 27.7 28.3 9.0 17.9 1.9 1.7 37.1 25.3 0.4 0.6Sub-Saharan Africa .. T .. T .. .. .. 13.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS 1,751.5 T 1,266.3 T 27.6 22.6 29.8 20.5 36.1 46.0 1.4 2.2 1.2 2.1 4.0 7.0OECD 4,525.5 T 5,547.6 T 23.5 20.4 42.0 40.5 18.6 21.8 2.9 2.7 3.1 3.5 9.9 11.0High-income OECD 4,149.4 T 5,101.1 T 22.2 19.9 42.3 40.6 19.0 21.7 2.9 2.6 3.0 3.4 10.6 11.6High human development 5,950.8 T 6,981.2 T 21.7 18.3 40.9 39.3 22.8 26.0 2.8 2.9 3.4 3.9 8.3 9.5Medium human development .. T 3,816.7 T 36.8 40.6 24.7 25.1 12.9 13.8 2.0 2.5 22.7 16.8 1.0 1.2Low human development .. T .. T .. .. .. 13.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..High income 4,300.4 T 5,423.2 T 21.7 19.0 42.9 41.5 19.5 22.7 2.8 2.5 2.9 3.2 10.2 11.0Middle income 3,556.4 T 4,594.4 T 31.6 34.3 31.0 28.3 21.7 21.7 2.3 3.1 11.4 10.1 2.1 2.4Low income .. T .. T .. 23.3 .. 20.6 .. 11.6 .. 2.3 .. 41.8 .. 0.5World 8,757.7 T f 11,433.9 T f 25.3 25.3 g 36.8 g 35.0 g 19.1 g 20.7 g 2.5 g 2.6 g 10.3 g 10.0 g 6.0 g 6.3 gNOTESa. Total primary energy supply (TPES) is made upof ‘indigenous production + imports - exports- international marine bunkers ± stock changes’.TPES is a measure of commercial energyconsumption. In some instances, the sum of theshares by energy source may not sum up to 100%because pumped storage generation has not beendeducted from hydroelectricity generation.b. In 2005, 12.6% of the world’s energy needs weresupplied by renewable sources. Hydro-electricpower constitutes 17% of this total, solar/wind/other 1%, geothermal 3% and biomass and waste79%. Shares for individual countries are different.c. Coal and coal products.d. Crude, natural gas liquids (NGLs), feedstocks andpetroleum products.e. Biomass, also referred to as traditional fuel, iscomprised of animal and plant materials (wood,vegetal waste, ethanol, animal materials/wastesand sulphite lyes). Waste is comprised ofmunicipal waste (wastes produced by theresidential, commercial and public service sectorsthat are collected by local authorities for disposalin a central location for the production of heatand/or power) and industrial waste.f. Data is a world aggregate from IEA 2007.g. Data calculated based on world aggregates fromIEA 2007.SOURCESColumns 1-2: IEA 2007.Columns 3-14: calculated based on data on primaryenergy supply from IEA 2007.Human development indicatorsHUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2007/2008 309