The 21st Century climate challenge

TABLE22.. . while preserving it for future generations . . .Energy and the environmentHuman development indicatorsHDI rankElectricity consumptionper capitaElectrificationrate(%)Populationwithoutelectricity(millions)GDP per unit of energy use% of totalland area(%)TotalForest areaTotal changeAverageannualchange(%)(kilowatthours)(2000 PPP US$ per(thousand (thousand(% change)kg of oil equivalent) (% change)sq km) sq km)2004 1990–2004 2000–05 a 2005 2004 1990–2004 2005 2005 1990–2005 1990–2005HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT1 Iceland 29,430 66.4 100 .. 2.5 -12.1 0.5 0.5 0.2 5.62 Norway 26,657 6.5 100 .. 5.9 15.9 30.7 93.9 2.6 0.23 Australia 11,849 30.4 100 .. 4.8 21.3 21.3 1,636.8 -42.3 -0.24 Canada 18,408 5.9 100 .. 3.4 12.5 33.6 3,101.3 .. ..5 Ireland 6,751 62.7 100 .. 9.5 81.9 9.7 6.7 2.3 3.46 Sweden 16,670 -1.9 100 .. 4.5 13.0 66.9 275.3 1.6 (.)7 Switzerland 8,669 b 10.3 b 100 .. 8.3 0.9 30.9 12.2 0.7 0.48 Japan 8,459 21.8 100 .. 6.4 -1.4 68.2 248.7 -0.8 (.)9 Netherlands 7,196 32.7 100 .. 5.8 11.7 10.8 3.7 0.2 0.410 France 8,231 c 24.6 c 100 .. 5.9 8.0 28.3 155.5 10.2 0.511 Finland 17,374 33.2 100 .. 3.8 -1.1 73.9 225.0 3.1 0.112 United States 14,240 11.9 100 .. 4.6 25.3 33.1 3,030.9 44.4 0.113 Spain 6,412 63.3 100 .. 6.9 -4.9 35.9 179.2 44.4 2.214 Denmark 6,967 7.4 100 .. 7.9 14.7 11.8 5.0 0.6 0.815 Austria 8,256 27.7 100 .. 7.3 2.9 46.7 38.6 0.9 0.216 United Kingdom 6,756 15.9 100 .. 7.3 22.2 11.8 28.5 2.3 0.617 Belgium 8,986 33.4 100 .. 5.2 10.3 22.0 6.7 -0.1 -0.118 Luxembourg 16,630 21.1 100 .. 6.1 77.5 33.5 0.9 (.) 0.119 New Zealand 10,238 6.7 100 .. 5.1 25.0 31.0 83.1 5.9 0.520 Italy 6,029 d 36.1 d 100 .. 8.2 -2.5 33.9 99.8 16.0 1.321 Hong Kong, China (SAR) 6,401 34.4 .. .. 11.5 6.4 .. .. .. ..22 Germany 7,442 10.4 100 .. 6.2 31.6 31.7 110.8 3.4 0.223 Israel 6,924 62.8 97 0.2 7.3 4.7 8.3 1.7 0.2 0.724 Greece 5,630 60.1 100 .. 7.4 11.1 29.1 37.5 4.5 0.925 Singapore 8,685 67.7 100 0.0 4.4 30.6 3.4 (.) 0.0 0.026 Korea (Republic of) 7,710 178.3 100 .. 4.2 -6.3 63.5 62.7 -1.1 -0.127 Slovenia 7,262 .. .. .. 5.4 10.6 62.8 12.6 0.8 0.428 Cyprus 5,718 97.2 .. .. 5.9 8.5 18.9 1.7 0.1 0.529 Portugal 4,925 69.9 100 .. 7.1 -9.8 41.3 37.8 6.8 1.530 Brunei Darussalam 8,842 80.9 99 0.0 .. .. 52.8 2.8 -0.4 -0.731 Barbados 3,304 85.0 .. .. .. .. 4.0 (.) .. ..32 Czech Republic 6,720 .. .. .. 4.0 30.8 34.3 26.5 0.2 (.)33 Kuwait 15,423 75.0 100 0.0 1.9 63.1 0.3 0.1 (.) 6.734 Malta 5,542 53.4 .. .. 7.5 47.9 1.1 .. .. ..35 Qatar 19,840 101.8 71 0.2 .. .. (.) .. .. ..36 Hungary 4,070 6.7 .. .. 5.9 40.6 21.5 19.8 1.8 0.637 Poland 3,793 6.9 .. .. 5.1 74.8 30.0 91.9 3.1 0.238 Argentina 2,714 70.6 95 1.8 7.4 15.8 12.1 330.2 -22.4 -0.439 United Arab Emirates 12,000 41.5 92 0.4 2.2 15.7 3.7 3.1 0.7 1.840 Chile 3,347 138.7 99 0.2 6.1 11.9 21.5 161.2 8.6 0.441 Bahrain 11,932 52.3 99 0.0 1.8 21.5 0.6 .. .. ..42 Slovakia 5,335 .. .. .. 3.9 45.3 40.1 19.3 0.1 (.)43 Lithuania 3,505 .. .. .. 4.5 60.5 33.5 21.0 1.5 0.544 Estonia 6,168 .. .. .. 3.5 113.2 53.9 22.8 1.2 0.445 Latvia 2,923 .. .. .. 5.6 122.6 47.4 29.4 1.7 0.446 Uruguay 2,408 52.4 95 0.2 10.4 5.3 8.6 15.1 6.0 4.447 Croatia 3,818 .. .. .. 5.6 12.0 38.2 21.4 0.2 0.148 Costa Rica 1,876 54.4 99 0.1 10.0 2.9 46.8 23.9 -1.7 -0.449 Bahamas 6,964 e 87.0 .. .. .. .. 51.5 5.2 .. ..50 Seychelles 2,716 e 88.2 .. .. .. .. 88.9 0.4 0.0 0.051 Cuba 1,380 0.6 96 0.5 .. .. 24.7 27.1 6.6 2.152 Mexico 2,130 46.5 .. .. 5.5 8.5 33.7 642.4 -47.8 -0.553 Bulgaria 4,582 -10.3 .. .. 3.0 44.7 32.8 36.3 3.0 0.6302 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2007/2008