The United States and China in Power Transition - Strategic Studies ...

Rule by Virtue”), 刊授党校, 学习特刊 (Party School Distance Learning
Special Edition), January 2006; Liu Fangling (刘方玲), “儒家秩
序需求与君主专制政治” (“Confucian Requirement for Order and
Absolute Monarchy”), 南都学坛 (人文社会科学学报) (Academic
Forum of Nandu [Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences]), Vol.
25, No. 4, July 2005; Zhang Zihui (张自慧) “古代 ‘礼治’ 的反思与
当代和谐的构建” (“Reflection of the Rule by Etiquette in the Ancient
Times and Constructing Harmony at Present”), 南昌大学学
报 (人文社会科学版) (Journal of Nanchang University [Humanities
and Social Sciences Edition]), No. 4, 2009; Shen Xiaoyan (沈晓艳),
“儒家礼治与现代民主政治” (“Confucian Rule of Ritual and Modern
Democratic Politics”), 马克思主义与现实 (双月刊) (Bi-monthly
Journal of Marxism and Reality), No. 1, 2007; Wang Bo (王波), “儒家
民本思想与封建专制政治之契合与冲突” (“Consistency and Conflict
between the People-based Thought of Confucianism and the
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42. Although the Chinese Constitution of 1982 guarantees
freedom of speech, the Chinese government often uses the criminal
law’s subversion of state power clause to imprison those who are
critical of the government. The People’s Republic of China (PRC)
is known for its intolerance of organized dissent towards the
government. Dissident groups are routinely arrested and imprisoned,
often for long periods of time and without trial. Incidents of
torture, forced confessions, and forced labor are widely reported.
Freedom of assembly and association is extremely limited. China
has signed the International Covenant on Civil and Political
Rights, but has not ratified it.
43. It is ironic that China and India are the two original “authors”
of the peaceful coexistence principles, yet those principles
did not prevent the two from going to war against each other in
1962. They have not helped the two to resolve their outstanding
border disputes, either.
44. See Li Junru (李君如), “中央党校副校长谈中国政治体制改
革的成果及走势” (“The CCP Central Cadre School’s Vice President
on China’s Political Reform and Its Future Trends”), 北京日
报 (Beijing Daily), September 8, 2008; and Yu Keping (俞可平) and
Yan Jian (闫健), 民主是个好东西: 俞可平访谈录 (Democracy Is a
Good Thing: An Interview with Professor Yu Keping), Beijing, China:
Social Sciences Chubanshe, 2006, for their arguments about political
changes in China.
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