Homályzónák Zones d' Ombre - MEK - Országos Széchényi Könyvtár

Table 1Religion/Ethnicity(by the ethnic natureof surnames)1/ Populat. Hungary bymother tongue 1880 52/ 8. class In high-schoolsprovince 1891–19193/ 8. class In high-Schools,in Budapest 1891–19194/ University of Budapest19005/ Budapest Polytecnicmecanical engineer.1880–18996/ University ofKolozsvár(Cluj) 19007/ Universities,Academies,in Vienna1890–1919 68/ Universities, Academiesin Germany 1880–1918 7Rom. Cath. Magyars 25.1 22.1 16.3 18.8 11.2 19.0 13.2 8.2Rom. Cath. Germans 8.6 10.1 11.5 10.7 14.4 7.4 19.0 9.5Rom. Cath. Others 13.5 12.1 8.0 10.3 11.0 8.6 13.9 7.5Calvinist Magyars 13.9 14.8 13.7 8.1 6.3 22.2 2.7 3.5Calvinist Germans 0.7 0.8* 1.6 1.8 0.6* 4.0 0.4* 0.4*Calvinist Others ? 1.8 1.8 „ 1.1* „ 0.6* 0.6*Lutheran Magyars 1.9 3.0 4.5 4.0 3.0 1.8 2.5 7.8Lutheran Germans 2.8 2.7 5.4 3.2 4.7 5.6 11.2 20.3Lutheran Others 3.5 2.5 2.9 2.5 3.4 2.1 3.6 9.2Jewish Magyars 2.6 5.9 11.6 9.7 10.7 4.4 3.7 6.1Other Jews 2.0 18.1 20.2 25.1 31.0 9.0 19.7 19.7Other relig. Magyars 1.5 1.9 0.9* 1.2 0.6 6.3 0.7* 1.6*Other relig. Germans 0.03 0.4* 0.2* 0.2 0.1 0.6 1.0 1.0*Other rel. and Ethnic. 23.8 3.8 1.5 4.3 1.7 9.1 7.7 4.4Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Numbers 13,721,900 7840 7748 4903 2295 1236 5987 3565Germans 8 12.1 18.4 27.4 15.9 20.5 14.6 41.2 42.0* refers to clusters of limited size with restricted significance of statistical correlations involvedgrants in the 19 th century and their linguistic Magyarization (including linguistic loyalty tothe state language at censuses) was an ongoing process in the Dual Monarchy, hence the1880 data on Jews declaring Magyar mother tongue can be interpreted just as a referenceto the state of strategic assimilation attained then by the majority of Hungarian Jews, farless than as an approximation of the definition of their ethnic background. This is why, inthis comparison, Magyar speaking Jews appear to be somewhat less ‘over-represented’ inhigher education than others, an observation contrary to all other historical findings. 56785See Károly Keleti, Magyarország nemzetiségei [Nattional groups in Hungary], Budapest, 1882. p. 23.6Source: Gábor Patyi, Magyarországi diákok bécsi egyetemeken és főiskolákon (1890–1918), [Students from Hungary in universities and academies ofVienna, 1890–1918], Budapest, 2004.7Source: László Szögi, Ungarländische Studenten an deutschen Universitāten und Hochschlen, 1789–1919, Budapest, 2001.8Christians only.214 Victor Karady