23.06.2015 Views

0-ghid de studiu - pediatrie - UMF

0-ghid de studiu - pediatrie - UMF

0-ghid de studiu - pediatrie - UMF

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

Diagnostic pozitiv<br />

Criterii clinice: - dismorfism cranio-facial<br />

- retard mental progresiv→<strong>de</strong>menţă<br />

- bradicardia<br />

- constipatia<br />

- retard somatic sever<br />

- +/- gusa<br />

Criterii hormonale:<br />

a) TSH↑, free T 4 , T 4 , T 3 ↓ (in forma primara)<br />

b) TSH↓, free T 4 , T 4 ,T 3 ↓ (in forma secundara)<br />

Criterii imagistice:<br />

a) aplazie, hipoplazie sau tiroida ectopica - in formele disgenetice<br />

b) tiroida marita <strong>de</strong> volum - in formele prin dishormonogeneaza<br />

Diagnostic diferential<br />

- alte cauze <strong>de</strong> retard psiho-motor<br />

- miopatii<br />

- glicogenoze<br />

- mucopolizaharidoze<br />

Complicatii<br />

- tulburari <strong>de</strong> comportament<br />

- hipostatura severa si retardul pubertar<br />

Tratament<br />

Tratamentul este patogenetic substitutiv cu Levothyroxine (L-thyroxine) per os in doza :<br />

- sub 6 luni: 10-15 μg/kg/zi ;<br />

- intre 6-12 luni: 6-8 μg/kg/zi<br />

- intre 1-12 ani: 4-6 μg/kg/zi<br />

- peste 12 ani: 2-3 μg /kg/zi<br />

Evolutie<br />

Evolutia naturală este spre agravare progresivă, retardul mental se accentueaza ajungandu-se<br />

pana la cretinism. Sub tratament <strong>de</strong> substituţie hormonala evolutia este buna.<br />

Prognostic<br />

Prognosticul este bun daca tratamantul se initieaza precoce in prima luna <strong>de</strong> viata.<br />

Profilaxia<br />

Se realiza prin screening neonatal: <strong>de</strong>terminarea TSH din sange capilar, recoltat <strong>de</strong> la nou nascut<br />

la varsta <strong>de</strong> 3-5 zile. TSH mai mare <strong>de</strong> 20 μU/ml are semnificatia <strong>de</strong> hipotiroidism. Pentru<br />

confirmarea diagnosticului <strong>de</strong> hipotiroidism se inpune retestarea acestori copii, cu <strong>de</strong>terminarea<br />

nivelul seric TSH, T 3, T 4 total si freeT 4, din sange venos.

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!