History of Utah, 1540-1886 - Brigham Young University

420 MISSIONS AND IMMIGRATION.
they rested for a time to recruit themselves and their
cattle, and those who were without funds worked for
the means wherewith to continue their journey, or
waited until supplied with money from the emigration
fund.
When the brethren were ready to set forth for Salt
Lake City, they were divided into companies of ten,
fifty, and a hundred, and the order of march was the
same as that adopted in 1848, during the migration
from Nauvoo. For every party of ten, a wagon, two
oxen, two milch cows, and a tent were provided.
Each wagon was examined by one of the bishops, and
none were allowed to start that did not contain the
requisite quantity of provisions 65 and ammunition.
All who were capable of bearing arms were required
to carry a rifle or musket. Any surplus means that
the members might possess was invested in breadstuffs,
groceries, dry goods, clothing, cattle, seeds, or implements.
Of the journey of the emigrant trains from Council
Bluffs to the city of the saints, little remains to be
said, as mention of this matter has been made in a
previous chapter. To each emigrant as he travelled
his wagon served for bedroom, parlor, and kitchen,
and sometimes even as a boat in which to convey his
effects over river or swamp. The average day's journey
did not exceed thirteen miles, though the trains
were in motionalmost from sunrise until even-fall, a halt
being made for the mid-day meal, and in order to give
the cattle time to graze. Many of the caravans consisted
of several hundred wagons, some of them drawn
by six or eight oxen, and with every company went
large bands of live-stock. 56 The procession, as it moved
65 For those .assisted by the emigration fund in 1853 was supplied for each
wagon 1,000 lbs of flour, 50 lbs each of sugar, rice, and bacon, 30 of beans, 20
of dried apples or peaches, 25 of salt, 5 of tea, a gallon of vinegar, and 10 bars
of soap. L/nforth's Route from Liverpool, 19.
50 Describing one of these trains which he encountered in the valley of the
"Weber on Sept. 2, 1S50, Capt. Stansbury says: ' Ninety-five wagons were met
to-day containing the advance of the Mormon emigration to the valley of the
Salt Lake. Two large flocks of sheep were driven before the train; and geese