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E). This, of course is no different to other countries that have deployed mobile<br />

applications in government institutions. All government heads use voice or SMS to<br />

communicate with their other government employees within the department and<br />

externally to other government organisations. The majority of the respondents stated<br />

that since the introduction and the deployment of telephony and SMS application, they<br />

have been using them mainly to convey business information, for example sending text<br />

message to suppliers.<br />

Use of WAP to access the web was limited only to the senior managers, director<br />

generals and state ministers. This imposed limits to the use of Push-email and email<br />

access from ordinary cell phones owned by majority of the government employees. One<br />

respondent stated that the limit to access WAP is due to the fact that services provided<br />

by service provider are not standard (Rp1q4). A few of the respondents explained that<br />

the major constraint was that the cost of having access to Smartphone was still too high.<br />

Furthermore, since the technology existed many would have liked to enable such<br />

capability on their privately owned cell-phones, however, as four of the respondents<br />

stated that the costs involve having access to such technologies was still too high. The<br />

participant considered cost to be the main reason that not all government employees had<br />

been issued with work mobile phones.<br />

“It is also very expensive to have a mobile phone that can be used to access internet”<br />

(Rp1q4). “Expensive to have phones with such capabilities” (Rp3q4). “I am aware<br />

Smartphone have that capability but who has the money to own such an expensive<br />

phone” (Rp4q4). “My opinion is that these application services are already there but<br />

the problem is that they are too expensive” (Rp6q4).<br />

WAP (back-office access) has not been deployed yet in any government organisation.<br />

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