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conducted on various mobile options. These include front-desk service as well as
support services such as maintaining the network infrastructure.
Although e-Government is often thought of as online government or Internet based
government, many non-internet electronic government technologies can also be used in
this context (Wikipedia, 2010h). The following are some of these non-internet
technologies: Telephone and fax; Bluetooth, smartcards; SMS and multimedia message
service (MMS); Closed-circuit television (CCTV); Radio frequency identification; and
few others are listed by Wikipedia (2010h).
The various definitions of e-Government discussed above all seemed to refer to
electronic government technologies, specifically ICTs. As previously stated, delivery of
government services can be conducted either directly or indirectly. Therefore, this study
refers to e-Government as the delivery of service that is conducted through the ICTs
either directly or indirectly. Direct delivery is having direct access to any of e-
Government services and the indirect delivery is the maintaining of the back end system
such as keeping the network infrastructure up and running. All these services provided
by e-Government involve a number of e-Government indicators as depicted in Figure
2:1.
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