Handbook of Propagation Effects for Vehicular and ... - Courses

Figure 7-10: Fade distributions at 60° for wooded environment in England at L-Band (1.3 GHz),
S-Band (2.5 GHz), and Ku-Band (10.4 GHz) [Butt et al., 1992]................................................... 7-11
Figure 7-11: Fade distributions at 80° for wooded environment in England at L-Band (1.3 GHz) and
Ku-Band (10.4 GHz) [Butt et al., 1992]. ...................................................................................... 7-11
Figure 7-12: Fade distributions at 60° for suburban environment in England at L-Band (1.3 GHz),
S-Band (2.5 GHz), and Ku-Band (10.4 GHz) [Butt et al., 1992]................................................... 7-12
Figure 7-13: Fade distributions at 80° for suburban environment in England at L-Band (1.3 GHz)
and S-Band (2.5 GHz), and Ku-Band (10.4 GHz) [Butt et al., 1992]............................................. 7-12
Figure 7-14: Cumulative fade distributions from measurements made in France at 18.7 GHz in a
tree-shadowed environment at elevation 30° … 35°. The indicated angles are the driving
direction azimuths relative to the satellite [Murr et al., 1995]....................................................... 7-13
Figure 7-15: Cumulative fade distributions from measurements made in Germany at 18.7 GHz in a
tree-shadowed environment at elevation 30° … 35°. The indicated angles are the driving
direction azimuths relative to the satellite [Murr et al., 1995]....................................................... 7-14
Figure 7-16: Extremes of eight measured distributions in Japan at 1.5 GHz in elevation angle range
40° to 50° in Japan [Obara et al., 1993]....................................................................................... 7-15
Figure 7-17: Fade distributions at L-Band for two expressways and an "old road" in Japan [Ryuko
and Saruwatari, 1991]................................................................................................................. 7-16
Figure 7-18: Cumulative distributions at UHF (870 MHz) for elevation angle = 30° from mobile
measurements made with a helicopter transmitter platform along eight roads in central
Maryland [Goldhirsh and Vogel, 1989]. Solid curve is EERS prediction..................................... 7-17
Figure 7-19: Cumulative distributions at UHF (870 MHz) for elevation angle = 45° from mobile
measurements made with a helicopter transmitter platform along eight roads in central
Maryland [Goldhirsh and Vogel, 1989]. Solid curve is EERS prediction..................................... 7-18
Figure 7-20: Cumulative distributions at UHF (870 MHz) for elevation angle = 60° from mobile
measurements made with a helicopter transmitter platform along eight roads in central-
Maryland [Goldhirsh and Vogel, 1989]. Solid curve is EERS prediction..................................... 7-18
Figure 7-21: Cumulative distributions for eight roads in central Maryland at 1.5 GHz and 21°
elevation obtained from measurements with MARECS B-2. Solid curve is EERS model
prediction [Goldhirsh and Vogel, 1995]. ..................................................................................... 7-19
Figure 7-22: Cumulative distributions for eight roads in central Maryland at 1.5 GHz and 30°
elevation obtained from measurements employing a helicopter transmitter platform. Solid
curve is EERS model prediction [Goldhirsh and Vogel, 1995]..................................................... 7-19
Figure 7-23: Cumulative distributions for eight roads in central Maryland at 1.5 GHz and 45°
elevation obtained from measurements employing a helicopter transmitter platform. Solid
curve is EERS model prediction [Goldhirsh and Vogel, 1995]..................................................... 7-20
Figure 7-24: Cumulative distributions for eight roads in central Maryland at 1.5 GHz and 60°
elevation obtained from measurements employing a helicopter transmitter platform. Solid
curve is EERS model prediction [Goldhirsh and Vogel, 1995]..................................................... 7-20
Figure 7-25: Fade-time series for Pasadena 33 km run [Vaisnys and Vogel, 1995]............................... 7-21
Figure 7-26: Cumulative distribution for Pasadena, California 33 km run [Vaisnys and Vogel,
1995]. ........................................................................................................................................ 7-22
Figure 7-27: Cumulative fade distributions at 2.09 GHz for tree-lined roads at two locations in the
United States derived from spread spectrum transmissions [Jenkins et al., 1995].......................... 7-23
Figure 7-28: Curves labeled 1 and 3 correspond to Category II and curves labeled 4 and 5 represent
Category III (defined in text) [Rice et al., 1996]. Curve 2 presented by Gargione et al. [1995],
7-ii