Handbook of Propagation Effects for Vehicular and ... - Courses

Table of Contents
12 Summary of Recommendations _______________________________________ 12-1
12.1 Introduction (Chapter 1) ___________________________________________ 12-1
12.2 Average Foliage Attenuation Due to Trees: Static Case (Chapter 2)________ 12-1
12.2.1 Average and Median Foliage Attenuation Due to Tree Canopies __________________ 12-1
12.2.2 Frequency Scaling ______________________________________________________ 12-1
12.2.3 Effects of Canopy Branches and Foliage_____________________________________ 12-2
12.2.4 Suggestions for Future Efforts_____________________________________________ 12-2
12.3 Attenuation Due to Roadside Trees: Mobile Case (Chapter 3)_____________ 12-2
12.3.1 The Extended Empirical Roadside Shadowing Model __________________________ 12-3
12.3.2 Effects of Foliage_______________________________________________________ 12-4
12.3.3 Suggestions for Future Efforts_____________________________________________ 12-5
12.4 Signal Degradation for Line-of-Sight Communications (Chapter 4) ________ 12-5
12.4.1 Empirical Multipath Model _______________________________________________ 12-5
12.4.2 Suggestions for Future Work______________________________________________ 12-6
12.5 Fade and Non-Fade Durations and Phase Spreads (Chapter 5)____________ 12-6
12.5.1 Fade Duration Model for L-Band __________________________________________ 12-6
12.5.2 Cumulative Distributions of Non-Fade Durations______________________________ 12-7
12.5.3 Cumulative Distributions of Phase Fluctuations _______________________________ 12-7
12.5.4 Suggestions for Further Work _____________________________________________ 12-8
12.6 Polarization, Antenna Gain and Diversity Considerations (Chapter 6) _____ 12-8
12.6.1 Frequency Re-Use ______________________________________________________ 12-8
12.6.2 Multipath Effects for Variable Antenna Gains ________________________________ 12-8
12.6.3 Effect of Switching Lanes ________________________________________________ 12-9
12.6.4 Diversity Gain by Spaced Antennas ________________________________________ 12-9
12.6.5 Satellite Diversity _____________________________________________________ 12-10
12.6.6 Suggestions for Further Work ____________________________________________ 12-11
12.7 Investigations from Different Countries (Chapter 7) ___________________ 12-11
12.7.1 Compendium of Measurements___________________________________________ 12-11
12.7.2 Suggestions for Further Work ____________________________________________ 12-12
12.8 Earth-Satellite Propagation Effects Inside Buildings (Chapter 8) _________ 12-13
12.8.1 Required Fade Margins Inside Buildings ___________________________________ 12-13
12.8.2 Fading Dependence on Frequency_________________________________________ 12-13
12.8.3 Distortion Due to Bandwidth_____________________________________________ 12-13
12.8.4 Fading Effects Due to Antenna Positioning _________________________________ 12-14
12.8.5 Effects Caused by the Human Body _______________________________________ 12-14
12.8.6 Suggestions for Further Work ____________________________________________ 12-14
12.9 Maritime-Mobile Satellite Propagation Effects (Chapter 9)______________ 12-15
12.9.1 Fading Depth Due to Sea Surface Reflections________________________________ 12-15
12.9.2 Fading Depth Dependence on Frequency and Significant Wave Height____________ 12-17
12.9.3 Suggestions for Further Work ____________________________________________ 12-18
12.10 Optical Methods for Assessing Fade Margins for Shadowing, Blockage, and Clear
Line-of-Sight Conditions (Chapter 10)______________________________________ 12-18
12.10.1 Urban Three-State Fade Model_________________________________________ 12-19
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