Handbook of Propagation Effects for Vehicular and ... - Courses

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8-20 Propagation Effects for Vehicular and Personal Mobile Satellite Systems where dS is the change in the received co-polarized power over the 1 MHz frequency interval df. A regression expression has been established relating the standard deviation of the fade slope to the mean signal level μSL over the frequency span for each of the buildings at both L- and S-Band. This expression is given by given by 2 σ FS = a + bμSL + cμSL , (8-7) where a, b, c are tabulated in Table 8-12 for the L- and S-Band wavelengths. Summary statistics describing the mean and standard deviation of the fade slopes at the various site locations are given in Figure 8-12. It is noted from Figure 8-12 that the median fade slopes (upper figure) varies between 0.5 and 1.3 dB/MHz and the corresponding median standard deviations (lower figure) vary between 1.8 and 0.7 dB/MHz. We conclude from these levels that for a resolution of 1 MHz the frequency distortion is expected to be small over the frequency range 1680 to 2430 MHz. Table 8-12: Tabulation of standard deviation parameters in (8-7) for different site locations at L- and S-Band. Location L-Band S-Band a b c a b c Commons -0.589 -0.11 0.000 -0.52 -0.123 -0.001 EERL 0.323 0.038 0.004 0.296 0.027 0.003 Farm 0.298 -0.047 0.003 0.196 -0.014 0.003 House 0.169 -0.015 0.002 0.237 0.026 0.004 Motel 0.531 0.063 0.004 0.342 0.047 0.004 Store 0.379 0.008 0.004 0.549 0.057 0.004
Earth-Satellite Propagation Effects Inside Buildings 8-21 Mean Fade Slope (dB/MHz) Standard Deviation of Fade Slope (dB/MHz) 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Non-Outlier Max...Min 95%...5% Median Commons EERL Farm House Motel Store Building Non-Outlier Max...Min 95%...5% Median Commons EERL Farm House Motel Store Building Figure 8-12: Summary statistics giving the median, 95% and 5% levels of the mean fade slope (upper figure) and the standard deviation of the fade slope (lower figure) at the various site locations. 8.4 Slant-Path Building Attenuation Measurements from 0.5 to 3 GHz In this section we describe the results of Vogel and Torrence [1995c] who executed a comprehensive set of measurements in which they examined attenuation levels over swept frequencies ranging from 500 MHz to 3000 MHz into a set of six buildings. These results extend those of Vogel and Torrence [1993] who examined fading within buildings
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A2A-98-U-0-021 (APL) EERL-98-12A (E
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Table of Contents 1 Introduction __
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10 Optical Methods for Assessing Fa
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Table of Contents 1 Introduction __
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1-2 Propagation Effects for Vehicul
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Table of Contents 2 Attenuation Due
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Chapter 2 Attenuation Due to Trees:
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Attenuation Due to Trees: Static Ca
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Table of Contents 3 Attenuation Due
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Figure 3-23: Fade distributions at
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3-4 Relative Signal Level (dB) 5 0
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3-10 Percent of Distance the Fade >
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3-12 Propagation Effects for Vehicu
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3-14 3.4.3 Austin, Texas at K-Band
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3-20 Relative Signal Level (dB) 5 0
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3-24 Percentage of Distance Fade >
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3-26 and where 1 2 Propagation Effe
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3-28 Percentage of the Time Fade >
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3-32 3.7.5 Comparative Summary of M
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Chapter 4 Signal Degradation for Li
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Table of Tables Table 4-1: Summary
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4-4 Percentage of Distance Fade > A
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4-14 Percentage of Distance or Time
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Table of Contents 5 Fade and Non-Fa
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Chapter 5 Fade and Non-Fade Duratio
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Fade and Non-Fade Durations and Pha
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Table of Contents 6 Polarization, A
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Chapter 6 Polarization, Antenna Gai
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Polarization, Antenna Gain and Dive
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Table of Contents 7 Investigations
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was derived from measurements over
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Chapter 10 Optical Methods for Asse
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Optical Methods for Assessing Fade
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Table of Contents 11 Theoretical Mo
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Chapter 11 Theoretical Modeling Con
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Theoretical Modeling Considerations
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Table of Contents 12 Summary of Rec
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Table 12-7: Tabulation of azimuth a
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12-10 12.6.5 Satellite Diversity Pr
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12-12 Propagation Effects for Vehic
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12-14 Standard Deviation (dB) 4 3 2
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12-18 Fade Depth (dB) 7.0 6.5 6.0 5
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Index 13-1 Index 2 2-state Markov m
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Index 13-3 Jongejans, A. et al., 3-
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