Travels in Turkey, Asia Minor, Syria, and across the desert into Egypt ...

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1 63 TRAVELS IN ASIATIC TURKEY, in a more civilized state,, and united in a social compact under a 2,-ood government, they would become very numerous and pow- erful, the Sj/rian women, who marry very young, being remarkably prolific. CHAPTER XI. The army oj ihe Grand Vizier. Principal officers. Different casts of p&pte. Artificers and attendants. Precarious state of greatness in the Turkish government. Standards. Dervises. Gross superstition of the Turk.'. Tra- dition relative to the dovonfal of the Turkish e?npire. Origin and present state of the janissaries. The Arnauts. Light cavalry. Volunteers. Reli- gious sectaries e army. Plunderers. Mamelukes. Arabian camel-drivers* Thievish disposition of the Arabs. Tartars. Guards of honour. General character of the Turks Personal ; courage ; Superstition; Temperance ; Addiction to coffee and tobacco ; Games ; Pay and allovjar.ee of the foldiery ; Miserable state of the medical art among the Turks; Horse- vianfhip. THE principal Turkish officers who served in the Ottoman camp, under the command of his Highness the Grand Vi- zier, were as follow : The Seraskier, Mahomed Pacha, a Pacha of three tails. The Charcagis, Taker Pacha, a Pacha of two tails. The Yenecheri Agassi, Pacha of two tails, or Janissary Aga, having the rank of a and the chief command of the janissaries. The Jebigis Bashi, or commissary of stores, a Pacha of one tail. The Topgis Bashi, or commandant of artillery. The Arabahgis Bashi, or superintendant of gun-carriages. The Coombarahgis Bashi, or commandant of bombardiers. The Lakemgis Bashi, or commandant of miners. The Sevmen Bashi, or second in command of janissaries. The Cul Caiyahsi, whose is appointment similar to that of our officers superintending press gangs. '] he Cadi Asker, or military judge (occasionally attached to the Ottoman army). or Cook Bashi; it Etchi Bashi, The Samsoongi^ Bashi, or principal dog; -keeper.
SYRIA, EGYPT, GERMANY, &C. 169 The Zahergis Bashi, or secondary dog-keeper. Besides these there were many others whom it would be superfluous to mention, and among them several whose presence in the camp was not of the least utility. Of this description are the two personages who stand the last on the list, and whose titles would not have been enumerated, had it not been for the singularity of their appointments. Originally, a certain number of dogs were, in a Turkish army, attached to the troops but this ; practice having been lonrr discontinued, nothing now remains except the rank and emo- luments of the office. That of the Tournahgis Bashi, or bird-keeper, who had the charge of the birds formerly carried with the army is now become obsolete. The appointments held by the generality of these officers suffici- ently explain the relative importance of their stations. There are, however, one or two of them who are entitled to a particular no- tice. The Cadi Asker is, in his judicial capacity, invested with an office of great dignity and responsibility in the Turkish army. He is the supreme judge ami arbitrator in all disputes and legal questions which may arise, whether of a civil or military nature. It is, not- withstanding, to be presumed, that under so despotic an admini- stration as that of the Turks, more especially where the military is concerned, his awards must be subject to a great degree of con- trol. The Etchi Bashi, or cook of the corps of janissaries, whatever his title may appear to import, has a distinguished consideration in the Turkish army; and, to heighten his importance, carries about him certain marks and characteristic distinctions, which render his appearance highly ludicrous. He is cloathed in a large habit of dark coloured leather, covered over with devices of plated metal, which render it extremely weighty, insomuch, that on days of cere- mony, when he is decorated with all the insignia of his office, what with the pressure of this habit, or tunic, and that of the odier parts of his dress, which, being also covered with plates of metal, are equally cumbrous and oppressive, he requires the aid of two persons to assist him in walking. It is from this officer, who is both feared and respected by his corps, that the janissaries receive the punishment of the coup de baton. In a Turkish army, complexions of every hue, black, coppercolour, olive, tawnv, yellow, and white, are to be found, as well as the different casts of features, and varieties of shape and propor- ( 22 )
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TRAVELS IN Curftep, &8w*Minovt g>pr
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IV public capacity, and the respect
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Vlll PREFACE. lar friends) to note
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CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Military Missi
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CONTENTS. 13 CHAP. IX. Progress thr
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CONTENTS. 15 Baird. Lake of Aboukir
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TRAVELS IN ASIATIC TURKEY, SYRIA, E
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iMEDICAL JOURNAL. SYRIA and EGYPT,
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SYRIA AND EGYPT. 375 An Abstract of
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OF PLAGUE. 377 spots cover the body
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OF PLAGUE. 379 Mahmoud Reif EJfendi
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Query. Probably OF PLAGUE. 381 the
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OF PRAGUE. $Sj At the termination o
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OF PLAGUE, 385 washed into the rive
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jS'o HISTORICAL JOURNAL termination
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jgO HISTORICAL JOURNAL of these cas
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392 ON OPHTHALMIA. The diseases of
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394 0N OPHTHALMIA. confess that not
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396 ON OPHTHALMIA. speedily effecte
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METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL. THE followi
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STATE OF THERMOMETER, WINDS, BAROME
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STATE OF THERMOMETER, WINDS, RAIN,
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Nov. STATE OF THERMOMETER, WINDS, R
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Bcn-el-hazar, productions of the co
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Egypt, mode of getting in the corn
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Jaffa, gardens of, 106 James, St. p
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Proccss'cn, grand, on the opening o
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JUST PUBLISHED AND TO BE SOLD BY Ja
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THE PLEADER'S GUIDE, a didadic poem
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jLD-W AM 7 ~j\ University of Califo
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