Reading Working Papers in Linguistics 4 (2000) - The University of ...
Reading Working Papers in Linguistics 4 (2000) - The University of ...
Reading Working Papers in Linguistics 4 (2000) - The University of ...
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J. MARSHALL<br />
‘are high <strong>in</strong> frequency, have a certa<strong>in</strong> immunity from conscious suppression, are<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegral units <strong>of</strong> larger structures, and may easily be quantified on a l<strong>in</strong>ear scale’<br />
(Macaulay 1991: 4).<br />
<strong>The</strong>re are two phonological scores, one achieved by means <strong>of</strong> a picture list,<br />
and the other by means <strong>of</strong> non-l<strong>in</strong>guistic tasks performed with a partner. One<br />
morphological variable was also used. Although fifty lexical variables were<br />
used to arrive at a lexical score for each speaker, these cannot generally be<br />
regarded as very reliable <strong>in</strong>dicators <strong>of</strong> dialect ma<strong>in</strong>tenance. Passive<br />
recognition <strong>of</strong> lexical items, which are perhaps used by a speaker’s<br />
grandparents, does not imply active use by that speaker.<br />
6.4. Phonological Variables Chosen for the Experiment<br />
<strong>The</strong> follow<strong>in</strong>g is a list <strong>of</strong> the phonological variables chosen for the<br />
experiment. <strong>The</strong> IPA will be used throughout, as the variables are <strong>of</strong>ten so<br />
phonetically different from SSE.<br />
1) Initial /f-/ (also +) where SSE has /hw / <strong>in</strong> ‘wh-questions’<br />
[fa0rza3] ‘where’s that?’<br />
[fu0 m6k8lz a0t] ‘how much is that?’<br />
2) Doric /e/ ~ StdE /o/ ([8u~