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A student who intends to pursue graduate<br />

studies in physics also should complete at least<br />

PH315, 421, and 422. Other electives may be<br />

advised by the department in consideration of a<br />

student’s individual career plans. Consideration<br />

should be given to the requisites for each course<br />

in both math and physics. MA106, 107, and<br />

208 are prerequisites for most 300-level physics<br />

courses. Students wishing to pursue a career in<br />

astronomy and astrophysics should combine<br />

the physics degree with the astronomy minor.<br />

Requirements for the Physics Minor<br />

• PH201 and PH202, Introduction to<br />

Analytical Physics<br />

• PH301, Modern Physics<br />

• PH303, Electromagnetic Waves and Optics<br />

• PH311, Experimental Modern Physics<br />

• PH321, Intermediate Classical Mechanics<br />

Requirements for the Astronomy<br />

Minor<br />

• AS102, Modern Astronomy with<br />

Laboratory<br />

• PH201, 202, Introduction to Analytical<br />

Physics<br />

• AS301, Modern Astronomical Techniques<br />

• AS311, Astrophysics I<br />

• AS312, Astrophysics II<br />

Note that MA106 and MA107 are prerequisites<br />

to the upper-division astronomy courses.<br />

Core Courses Offered by Physics<br />

NW262-PH, The Physical World: A onesemester<br />

study of selected topics in physics,<br />

astronomy, chemistry, and other related fields,<br />

and the mathematical analysis of physical<br />

problems. Some mathematical tools will be<br />

introduced as needed. Four lecture periods and<br />

two hours of laboratory per week. (U)(5) Fall<br />

and Spring.<br />

Physics Courses<br />

PH107, 108, Elementary Physics: A twosemester<br />

course based on algebra and elementary<br />

trigonometry. This course is suitable<br />

preparation to meet the entrance requirements<br />

of most dental, medical and pharmacy schools.<br />

Three class periods and two hours of laboratory<br />

per week. PH108 must be preceded by PH107.<br />

(U)(4, 4). Fall only, Spring only.<br />

PH201, 202, Introduction to Analytical<br />

Physics: An introduction to Newtonian<br />

mechanics, thermal physics, waves, electromagnetism<br />

and optics using calculus. Familiarity<br />

with algebra, trigonometry and calculus is<br />

assumed. Four lectures and two hours of<br />

laboratory per week, plus one hour of recitation<br />

per week. PH202 must be preceded by PH201.<br />

Prerequisite: MA106 (may be concurrent) or<br />

permission of instructor. (U)(5, 5). Fall only,<br />

Spring only.<br />

PH301, Modern Physics: An introduction<br />

to special relativity and quantum mechanics<br />

emphasizing fundamental principles. Topics<br />

include Lorentz transformations, relativity,<br />

blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect,<br />

Compton effect, Schrödinger equation,<br />

quantum statistics, lasers, superconductivity,<br />

nuclear properties and reactions, and elementary<br />

particle properties. Prerequisites: MA208 (may<br />

be concurrent) and PH202 or permission of<br />

instructor. (U)(4). Fall only.<br />

PH303, Electromagnetic Waves and Optics:<br />

A study of geometric and wave optics,<br />

interference, diffraction and polarization of<br />

electromagnetic waves. Two lectures and two<br />

hours of laboratory per week. Prerequisites:<br />

MA208 (may be concurrent) and PH202 or<br />

permission of instructor. (U)(3). Fall only.<br />

PH311, Experimental Modern Physics: The<br />

student performs a series of experiments to<br />

explore and verify experimental implications of<br />

relativity and quantum mechanics. Experiments<br />

include determination of Planck’s constant,<br />

speed of light, charge-to-mass ratio of electron,<br />

Franck-Hertz experiment, Bragg scattering,<br />

Rutherford scattering and radioactive decay<br />

processes. Prerequisite: PH301 or permission<br />

of instructor. (U)(3). Spring only.<br />

PH315, 316, Mathematical Methods for<br />

Physics: Differential equations; coordinate<br />

systems and differential geometry; special<br />

functions; linear operators, groups and<br />

representation theory; complex analysis; Fourier<br />

series and integral transforms. Applications to<br />

problems in electromagnetic theory, classical<br />

mechanics and quantum mechanics will be<br />

presented. Four lectures per week. Prerequisite:<br />

MA208, PH201, and PH202. (U)(4, 4).<br />

Occasionally.<br />

PH 321, Intermediate Classical Mechanics:<br />

A study of the classical dynamics of oscillators,<br />

gravitational systems, calculus of variations,<br />

195 <strong>Butler</strong> <strong>University</strong><br />

The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences

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