sydney-city-centre-review-of-environmental-factors

Sensitivity
Considered the lighting impacts on adjacent receivers during construction and
operation
Identified those adverse impacts that would need safeguarding or managing
under the proposal.
Assessing landscape character and visual impacts
Landscape character quality or the quality of a view determines how sensitive either
would be to change. Nature, scale, loss, duration, intensity and extent are the
parameters used to determine impact magnitude. These factors combine to produce
overall landscape character and visual impact ratings, which were adopted in the
assessment (refer to Table 6-37).
Table 6-37
Landscape character and visual impact rating matrix
Magnitude of change
High Moderate Low Negligible
High High High-Moderate Moderate Negligible
Moderate High-Moderate Moderate Moderate-low
Low Moderate Moderate-low Low
Negligible Negligible
Assessing lighting impacts
The adverse impacts of light spill from outdoor lighting are influenced by:
The height of the light source relative to the receive, where light is considered
more obtrusive where the light source is higher than the receiver
Surrounding landforms and topography, which can shield the light source from
the receiver
Ambient existing light levels and the type of light
Surrounding land uses; for instance residential receivers are considered more
sensitive than commercial and industrial land uses).
Table 6-38 is taken from AS 4282:1997. This standard provides recommended
maximum light levels that should be achieved at the boundary of a receiver. The
table also shows the corresponding recommended maximum light levels at night in
residential areas (shaded grey).
Table 6-38
Recommended maximum light levels
Parameter Time of day Commercial areas Residential areas
Illuminance (in the
vertical plane) (Ev) (lux)
Luminous intensity
emitted by luminaries (l)
(candela (CD))
Threshold increment (TI)
(per cent CD per square
metres)
Evening 25 lux 10 lux
Night 4 lux 2 lux
Evening 7,500 CD 100,000 CD
Night 2,500 CD 1,000 CD
Any time
20 per cent based on adaption luminance
of 10 CD/m 2
Sydney City Centre Capacity Improvement 335
Review of Environmental Factors