113992242-Dravidian-Settlements-in-Ceylon-and-the-Beginnings-of-the-Kingdom-of-Jaffna-By-Karthigesu-Indrapala-Complete-Phd-Thesis-University-of-London-1965

132
to temples for the performance of services to them, was that
of the ckara-piyr Some records of the thirteenth century
attest to the creation of mercantile settlements by chiefs and
local assembliea in South India It is not known whether such
a practice existed in the eleventh century. The Brhmaaa of
Polonnaruva and the cañkra-piyr of Mahtittha may have
been settled in those places by Ca authorities. The caturvdi-maxg4am,at
Kanta, of which we know from an inscription
of the time of VijayabThu I ( L055-l].l0 ) may have similarly
originated in the Ca period. But these instances are different
from a policy of settling people in conquered lands. In a Tamil
epigraph of Ku]Zttuga I (1070-1120) from Mulbagal, in }&ysore,
there occurs the phrase i tou nilaik4 iar4i ' It has been
rendered aa:'who was pleased to establish settlements of people
on all sides (in the conquered country)' The implication is
that Ku1ttuiga opened up settlements, presumably of people from
his e pire, in newly conquered territories. But the translation
is not accurate, for nilaik :j. doe8 not mean settlements of people
but stations and what was mean evidently were military posts
rather than settlements.
1. Lee supra, p. 103.
2. M.E.R. for 1935/3 , Nos. 150, 196.
3. E.Z., IV, pp. 19k-195.
i. E.C., X, No. k2b.
5. Ibid., p. 81.